Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IP | Judge: Jared Woods

Ext

1NC

1. Interpretation: Affs can only fiat that which is predictibly justifiable under the resolution. Any portions of the plan that are extra to the act of prohibiting must either have a solvency adcocate or be proven by normal means

2. Definition, Prohibit means end NOT restrict:

By Miriam-Webster. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prohibit
to order (someone) not to use or do something

to say that (something) is not allowed

to make (something) impossible to do

3. Violation - the affirmative specifies a phasing out of nuclear power till 2030. Cross-X of the 1ac proved this date is entirely arbitrary.

4. Standards:

A. Ground - being able to arbitrarily specify when the action of the plan will be complete allows the affirmative to sketch out of the Timeframe for the link and uniqueness for all of my DA's. EVEN IF if found a DA that had uniqueness till 2030, the arbitrary nature of the plan text means they could just spec 2031 the next debate. This makes it impossible to be negative and is a voter for education and fairness.

B. Predictability - I can't be expected to predicting arbitrary time specifications. Setting a precedent that affs have to be tied to normal means or a solvency advocate ensure clash and a literature base. Time is literally infinite meaning I can never predict all of the different arbitrary timeframes they can pass the plan in. That's a voter for fairness.

C. Jurisdiction - the judge has NO jurisdiction to rule on parts of the plan that are not prohibitory - drop the team to set a precedent and discourage unfair aff, simply dropping the arg or letting them get away with this makes being extra-T a no risk option for the aff setting a structural DA to being negative

D. Bright line- my interp makes it very clear what types of extraT can be OK and what is not, that solves back any possible extraT good offense they can make while still avoiding the UNIQUE predictably and ground arguments specific to arbitrary time spec

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IP | Judge: Jared Woods

Give Back the Land

1NC

They willfully ignore the native body, because they just want to use our land for something different, which is the same coloniality perpetuated now, except they make it look nicer by making the subjugation of the Native accessible for all.

Churchill 96 (Ward Churchill, Professor of Ethnic Studies at University of Colorado Boulder, Masters in Communication at Sangamon State, From a Native Son, pp. 520-30, 1996)
I'll debunk some of this nonsense in a moment, but first I want to
AND
first priority for everyone seriously committed to accomplishing positive change in North America.

Their deployment of the government and their assurance that the government stays in power through phaseout masks the colonial violence the U.S. perpetuates – we must position ourselves against them in order to unmask this violence.

Churchill 96 ~Ward, native prodigy, From a Native Son: Selected Essays in Indigenism, 1985-1995, isbn: 0896085538, pg. 14-16~
The Specter of Hannibal Lecter At this juncture, the entire planet is locked,
AND
us, about who it is with whom we now share our room.

Coloniality generates a permanent state of exception that is the root cause of the death ethics of war and underwrites a hellish existence where death, murder, war, rape, and racism are ordinary

Maldonado-Toress 8 Nelson Maldonado-Torres is an associate professor of comparative literature at Rutgers. Against War: Views from the Underside of Modernity, p. 217-21. 2008.
Dussel, Quijano, and Wynter lead us to the understanding that what happened in
AND
such a world, ontology collapses into a Manicheanism, as Fanon suggested." 

The alternative is to give back the land by kicking the settler off our native homes.Only having a willingness to exterminate the settler can ensure the destruction of U.S. colonialism.

Meister, 11 (Robert Meister, prof of Social and Political Thought @ UC Santa Cruz, After Evil:  A Politics of Human Rights, p. google books, note:  ev is gender-modified)
The Roots of Genocide The secular logic of genocide arises from the moral psychology
AND
return-to-sender of the genocidal message of the colonialism itself.

Only decolonization can solve other forms of oppression within settler culture.

Churchill, 3 (Ward Churchill, I am Indigenist: Notes on the Ideology of the Fourth World, Acts of Rebellion: The Ward Churchill Reader, p. _)
Not only is it perfectly reasonable to assert that a restoration of native control
AND
make themselves part of the problem rather than becoming part of the solution.

Envirment DA:Environmental destruction is inevitable in colonialism – colonialism necessitates land destruction in order to maintain the colonial dream – it's used as a tool to eradicate native culture.

Watts 13 (Vanessa Watts is Mohawk and Anishnaabe and is of the Bear Clan. She is currently in the process of completing her PhD in Sociology at Queen's University. Her undergraduate degree is from Trent University in Native Studies and her Master's Degree was in the Indigenous Governance Program at the University of Victoria "Indigenous place-thought and agency amongst humans and non-humans (First Woman and Sky Woman go on a European world tour!)" Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society Vol. 2, No. 1, 2013, pp. 20-34, 2013)
In becoming land or territory, she becomes the designator of how living beings will
AND
, perception, and action are separated from the supposed inertia of nature. 

Sexual Colonization DA: We should honor the survivors of sexual colonialism by prioritizing anti-colonialism. Native rape survivors understand sexual violence as a weapon of war that has been used against Native communities for the last five hundred years.

Deer 5 (Sarah Deer, Staff Attorney @ Tribal Law and Policy Institute, Sovereignty of the Soul:  Exploring the Intersection of Rape Law Reform and Federal Indian Law, MARCH 11, http://www.law.suffolk.edu/highlights/stuorgs/lawreview/docs/Deer.pdf~~#search='sovereignty20of20the20soul, P. 457-459, 2005 )
In order to analyze the legal response to sexual violence in Indian country, it
AND
death that is difficult to describe to those who have not experienced it. 

Mental Health DA: Mental health problems produced through colonialism means the native is always excluded in civil society.

Hilton 11 (Blake T. Hilton, prof @ Univ of Central Oklahoma, Frantz Fanon and Colonialism: A Psychology of Oppression, Journal of Scientific Psychology 45, Sept 2011, http://www.psyencelab.com/images/Frantz_Fanon_and_Colonialism.pdf)
Psychopathology Fanon, in Les Damnés de la Terre, begins the chapter ―
AND
the point at which it loosens its hold on oppressed, indigenous populations.

Tournament: gbx | Round: 5 | Opponent: Parker Whitfill | Judge: Bob Overing

Give Back the Land vs Parker Whitfill

1NC

En el Centro y hacia el Sur,
Colón, enviado de España,
llega con sus artimañas,
disimulando glamour,
y con todas las patrañas,
al indígena, en talud,
destrozan tal cual pirañas.
Africanos secuestrados,
para trabajos forzados,
pues indígenas agotados,
no respondían en breve,
con tanto látigo hereje.
Mayas, Aztecas e Incas,
Arawacos y Caribes,
junto a los Timotocuicas,
sus patrias no circunscriben,
pero en las guerras que aplican,
les doman hasta el declive.
Blancos con indios y negros,
fue la gran conformación,
tal vez, conformes los suegros,
y el mestizaje prosperó.
Blanco con indio, mestizo;
blanco con negro, mulato;
blanco y mulato, cuaternón;
!Oh, cuántos nombres, carrizo.
Luego, con el cuaternón,
se conformó el quinteron
y ahí termina la cuestión. 
Dilia.calderas, 27 de julio de 2008

Our existence in this place isn't neutral. Welcome to Chicago- a land muddled with a genocidal history- the Potawatomi, Sauk, Shawnee and other tribes were systematically exterminated in order for structures like the Glenbrooks. Our fugitive epistemology of poetry reads this city spatially and temporally as a place informed by colonialism; this is how we unsettle the settler

Martineau and Ritskes 14 (Jarrett Martineau , University of Victoria, and Eric Ritskes,  University of Toronto, "Fugitive indigeneity: Reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art", 2014, Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society Vol. 3,  No. 1 pg 5-9)/ warner
Decolonial art does not abdicate or abandon the present; it re-inscribes indigeneity
AND
colonialism's best attempts to confine and contain Indigenous creators to the 'traditional'. 

Their deployment of the government to limit qualified immunity masks the colonial violence the U.S. perpetuates – we must position ourselves against them in order to unmask this violence.

Churchill 96 ~Ward, native prodigy, From a Native Son: Selected Essays in Indigenism, 1985-1995, isbn: 0896085538, pg. 14-16~
The Specter of Hannibal Lecter At this juncture, the entire planet is locked,
AND
us, about who it is with whom we now share our room.

The law is subservient to neocolonialist ideals that justify racialized violence—reform only masks the contradiction that is inherent within the law

Cho and Valdes 11
(Francisco Valdes, Profess or Law, University Miami, and Sumi Cho, Professor of Law, DePaul University College of Law, "Critical Race Materialism: Theorizing Justice in the Wake of Global Neoliberalism," - Law Review- VOLUME 43 JULY 2011 NUMBER 5)/Dhruv
The role of law—and the rule of law—are key features of
AND
seeking to harmonize law's material or cultural effects with society's overtly professed values.

Limiting Qualified Immunity is not an act of defiance, rather it is the opposite, it only serves to legitimize the United States constitution, rule of law, and criminal justice system.

Chen 15 (Qualified Immunity Liming Access to Justice and Impeding Development of the Law", Vol. 41 No. 1, Alan K. Chen, the William M. Beaney Memorial Research Chair and professor of law at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law, where he teaches courses in constitutional law, federal courts, and public interest law, American Bar Association, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/2015—vol—41-/vol—41—no—1—-lurking-in-the-shadows—the-supreme-court-s-qui/qualified-immunity-limiting-access-to-justice-and-impeding-devel.html)
What this means is that in cases involving cutting-edge issues of constitutional law
AND
(2010) (Ginsburg, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari).

We must radically break away from the AFF and engage in non-colonial subjectivities

Martineau and Ritskes 14 (Jarrett Martineau , University of Victoria, and Eric Ritskes,  University of Toronto, "Fugitive indigeneity: Reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art", 2014, Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society Vol. 3,  No. 1 pg 2-3)/ warner
This issue engages Indigenous art, aesthetics and decolonial struggle as a collective processual undertaking
AND
and, thereby, give voice to new emergences, subjectivities and understandings. 

Coloniality generates a permanent state of exception that is the root cause of the death ethics of war and underwrites a hellish existence where death, murder, war, rape, and racism are ordinary

Maldonado-Toress 8 Nelson Maldonado-Torres is an associate professor of comparative literature at Rutgers. Against War: Views from the Underside of Modernity, p. 217-21. 2008.
Dussel, Quijano, and Wynter lead us to the understanding that what happened in
AND
such a world, ontology collapses into a Manicheanism, as Fanon suggested." 

The ROB is to vote for the debater who best performatively and methodologically breaks down the settler colonialism. The alternative is to give back the land by kicking the settler off our native homes. Only having a willingness to exterminate the settler can ensure the destruction of U.S. colonialism.

Meister, 11 (Robert Meister, prof of Social and Political Thought @ UC Santa Cruz, After Evil:  A Politics of Human Rights, p. google books, note:  ev is gender-modified)
The Roots of Genocide The secular logic of genocide arises from the moral psychology
AND
return-to-sender of the genocidal message of the colonialism itself.

Case

A2 state as heuristic

The claim to not use the state yet still indorse a politics of hope within settler colonialist society is the very mystifications that our Churchill 96 evidence addresses. The aff tries to sketch its way out of colonialist society by using the same grammar of the political while STILL ignoring the position of redness in civil society

Specifically, blindly calling forward the USFG and governmental action still binds you to the settler colonialist civil society as you still participate in the  same justifications

Reid-Brinkley, 8 (Dr. Shanara Reid-Brinkley, University of Pittsburgh Department of Communications, "THE HARSH REALITIES OF "ACTING BLACK": HOW AFRICAN-AMERICAN POLICY DEBATERS NEGOTIATE REPRESENTATION THROUGH RACIAL PERFORMANCE AND STYLE" 2008)
So, within public discourse, how race is coded rhetorically in public deliberation is
AND
of the "policymaker" and require their opponents to do the same.

Their heuristic cannot account for and excludes academic and performative challenges to exceptionalism, this authenticates the American imperialist project and leads to genocide.

Spanos 4
(William V. Spanos, Professor at Binghamton University, 2004, in Joe Millers' book Cross-ex, pg. 467)
Dear Joe Miller, Yes, the statement about the American debate circuit you refer
AND
blind arrogance of Bush Administration and his neocon policy makers is leading.13

Tournament: gbx | Round: 7 | Opponent: a lex kid | Judge: Terrence Lonam

1NC

Thesis statement – Indigenity must be theorized as a ghostly 'thing,' which requires a rejection of aff's lens of bodily identity that is measurable through the metaphysics of absence and presence – there is no question of the link, all discourses can only ever possibly name the intransitive shadows of Indianness

Cornellier 13 — Centre for Globalization and Cultural Studies @ U of Manitoba
(Bruno, "The 'Indian thing': on representation and reality in the liberal settler colony," Settler Colonial Studies, Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 49-64)
Nevertheless, if in this case it is indeed Canada that makes the Indian its
AND
to eschew the ultimate triumph of settler colonialism: its self-supersession.

Settlement is an everyday process, constituted not only by the initial clearing of the land but the ideological reiteration of the geopolitical and spatial self-evidence of the terrain on which political struggle occurs – disorientation is necessary, a political strategy that makes this space alien to us

Rifkin 13 – Associate Professor of English and WGS @ UNC-Greensboro
(Mark, "Settler common sense," Settler Colonial Studies, Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 322-340)
As opposed to the sense of withdrawal into a space divorced from contemporary political economy
AND
inhabit as given has never ceased to be a site of political struggle.

====Discussions of police brutality and the state that do not take into account the loss of Native lives at the hands of the police takes part in the same settler colonial mindset of invisibilizing native people and the ongoing genocide at the hands of US civil society. This is the same out-of-sight, out-of-mind logic that has justified native relocation and reservations historically.====
Fountain 2015, ~Aaron G. Fountain Jr., 2-25-2016, "OPINION: Native Lives Matter goes beyond police brutality," No Publication, http://america.aljazeera.com/opinions/2016/2/native-lives-matter-goes-beyond-police-brutality.html~~**
Native Americans are more likely to be killed by police than any other ethnic group
AND
reference Natives to make anachronistic arguments that European settlers were "illegal aliens." 

Indigenity cannot be theorized through the affirmative's lens of racial identity – geopolitics, not biopolitics, is the critical factor that grounds the metapolitical authority of the settler state to determine what counts as a political issue and what is self-evidently natural – settler colonialism transcends racial violence of individual bare lives and fosters a generalized state of bare habitance

Rifkin 9 – Associate Professor of English and WGS @ UNC-Greensboro
(Mark, "Indigenizing Agamben: Rethinking Sovereignty in Light of the 'Peculiar' Status of Native Peoples," Cultural Critique, Number 73, pp. 88-124)
In using Agamben's work to address U.S. Indian policy, though,
AND
, and dependent on, the "peculiar"-ization of Native peoples.

Settler colonialism is integral to the formation of slavery and its afterlife—anti-black racism is an inadequate frame absent understanding the role of colonialism

King 13
~2013, Tiffany Jeannette King, "IN THE CLEARING: BLACK FEMALE BODIES, SPACE AND SETTLER COLONIAL LANDSCAPES", PhD Dissertation~
We must consider that Settler colonialism shapes and constitutes Black life, specifically slavery and
AND
slavery co-constitute one another is an essential component of this dissertation.

The alternative is to give back the land by kicking the settler off our native homes. Only having a willingness to exterminate the settler can ensure the destruction of U.S. colonialism.

Meister, 11 (Robert Meister, prof of Social and Political Thought @ UC Santa Cruz, After Evil:  A Politics of Human Rights, p. google books, note:  ev is gender-modified)
The Roots of Genocide The secular logic of genocide arises from the moral psychology
AND
return-to-sender of the genocidal message of the colonialism itself.

the negative's alternative is criticism of the aff through settler colonial theory, a strategy that reveals settlers' investments in the ongoing project of settlement – as settlers, we cannot delude ourselves with the colonial fantasy that we can fully comprehend and thus control our relationships with Indigenous peoples – it is necessary to instead unknow the settler position, unwork settler colonial frames of reference that create the naturalized teleology of settlement

Strakosch and Macoun 13 – researcher @ Indigenous Studies Research Network; Institute for Culture and Society
(Elizabeth and Alissa, 'The ethical demands of settler colonial theory,' Settler Colonial Studies, Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 426-443)
For many decades, postcolonial theory has shaped global scholarship of colonialism, and this 
AND
SCT reveals the entwinement of settler institutions, knowledges, emotions and selves.

Settler colonial theory provides settlers with a challenging unsettling account of our own structural subject positionality – this demand for disoccupation of the settler's ontological sovereignty creates space for the work of imagining imagining and thus making possible alternative Indigenous futures committed to a radical reorientation of the status quo's violent cohabitation

Fiat is illusory- when you vote for the aff the plan isn't passed, but when you vote for the aff then you endorse the ethics and the underlying mindsets and ideologies of the affirmative. Your "material conditions" shitty shit doesn't matter because if we're discussing a hypothetical
Coverstone (policy stuff is good)- we can have debate over policies on other
AND
be defending policy actions which have always left black people out to dry.

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 5 | Opponent: Plano Senior AT | Judge: 

Natives

l poblamiento de América, 
se realizó por el Bering,
de otra forma, ¿cómo hicieren?,
no podría entender yo.
Primitivos hacia el Norte,
primitivos hacia el Centro,
primitivos hacia el Sur;
aún no tenían glamour,
las leyes tenían su corte,
y viajaban tour en tour. 
Tres períodos conformaron,
nueva civilización,
Meso Indio, Neo Indio
y el Indo Hispano en que, hermano,
cultura se implementó,
con signos de tradición.
Luego llegó la conquista,
y en el Norte los ingleses,
imponen puntos de vista,
a indígenas iroqueses,
y a otros tantos de su lista.
En el Centro y hacia el Sur,
Colón, enviado de España,
llega con sus artimañas,
disimulando glamour,
y con todas las patrañas,
al indígena, en talud,
destrozan tal cual pirañas.
En tres siglos que duró,
dicha colonización,
esclavitud se conformó,
bajo el yugo y sumisión.
Africanos secuestrados,
para trabajos forzados,
pues indígenas agotados,
no respondían en breve,
con tanto látigo hereje.
Mayas, Aztecas e Incas,
Arawacos y Caribes,
junto a los Timotocuicas,
sus patrias no circunscriben,
pero en las guerras que aplican,
les doman hasta el declive.
Luego la mezcla de razas,
del ser humano, en razón,
por no traer de sus casas,
mujeres, el Español.
Blancos con indios y negros,
fue la gran conformación,
tal vez, conformes los suegros,
y el mestizaje prosperó.
La unión conformó los Pardos;
negros con indios, los zambos;
negros con zambos, los prietos;
otros, y que salto atrás,
¿no podían inventar más?.
Blanco con indio, mestizo;
blanco con negro, mulato;
blanco y mulato, cuaternón;
!Oh, cuántos nombres, carrizo.
Luego, con el cuaternón,
se conformó el quinteron
y ahí termina la cuestión. 
Surge después la nobleza,
lo político y social,
de una manera bestial;
y entre tantos abatares,
los blancos peninsulares
y también blancos de orilla;
blancos criollos ¡qué maravilla!
y al indio, al negro y al pardo,
les funden cual mantequilla;
naturales que sin embargo,
despiertan de pesadilla.
América se vuelve tortilla,
pues descendiente español,
con el negro y el indígena,
entran en revolución,
y con firme decisión,
vencen al conquistador,
liberados, cual maravilla;
sólo que otro la agarró,
convirtiéndola en guerrilla,
con su desprecio y acción.
Los aportes culturales,
transmitidos por los grupos,
comenzaron por conucos,
las hallacas, los maizales,
la mazamorra, el cazabe,
y los grupos musicales;
hoy son ellos primordiales,
conformando nuevos trucos,
que con democracias reales,
vencen imperios malucos;
no habrá más rivalidades.
Dilia.calderas, 27 de julio de 2008

Our existence in this place isn't neutral. Welcome to Grapevine- a land muddled with a genocidal history- the Kiowa, Comanche, Sioux, Crows, Blackfeet  and other tribes were systematically exterminated in order for the metroplex of Dallas/Ft. Worth to be erected. Our fugitive epistemology of poetry reads this city spatially and temporally as a place informed by colonialism; this is how we unsettle the settler

Martineau and Ritskes 14 (Jarrett Martineau , University of Victoria, and Eric Ritskes,  University of Toronto, "Fugitive indigeneity: Reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art", 2014, Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society Vol. 3,  No. 1 pg 5-9)/ warner
Decolonial art does not abdicate or abandon the present; it re-inscribes indigeneity
AND
colonialism's best attempts to confine and contain Indigenous creators to the 'traditional'. 

The 1AC is a typical leftist response to the oppression that remains silent in the face of the on-going colonization of native america. The plan serves as a mask for the state, making it appear benevolent, even as its existence is contingent upon a continuing legacy of colonization that guarantees continued exploitation, turning the case.

Ward Churchill 1996 (Professor of Ethnic Studies at University of Colorado, Boulder, BA and MA in
Communications from Sangamon State, From A Native Son pgs 520 – 530) I'll
AND
, sexist, classist, homophobic, militaristic order on non-Indians.

The alternative is a refusal of the affirmative in favor of a reorientation that centers indigenous art and performance to break down settler colonialism in society

Martineau and Ritskes 14
Jarrett Indigenous scholar media maker writer journalist musician and storyteller. Eric PhD candidate in Sociology and Equity Studies in Education at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. "Fugitive indigeneity: Reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art" Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education and Society Vol. 3, No. 1, 2014, pp. I-XII
Indigenous art is inherently political. As Anishinaabe curator Wanda Nanibush (2014) recently
AND
in the sky" (Simpson, this issue, p. 194).

Decolonization requires a ceaseless struggle to uncover the subjugated histories of the Indigenous people that are violently erased by the affirmative – vote negative to use historical investigation through art and expression for a future free of domination

Martineau and Ritskes 14 (Jarrett and Eric, Graduate Students from the University of Victoria and the University of Toronto, "Fugitive indigeneity: Reclaiming the terrain of decolonial struggle through Indigenous art", Create Commons, pp. 9)
The struggle demands not only a remixing of time, but also a remediation of
AND
in the sky" (Simpson, this issue, p. 194).

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: St John Paul | Judge:
Russia economy is on the verge of all out collapse but their shift away from oil to nuclear power has stopped the bleeding. Another economic crisis would cause the destruction of Putin's regime.
Lloyd 16 (Lloyd, John. "When Will Russia Break?" The Great Debate RSS. RSS, 14 Apr. 2016. Web. 16 Aug. 2016.)
When will Russia break? A rock bottom oil price, Western sanctions, inflation
AND
to fail, we'd be deeper in perilous territory than we are now.

Nuclear power has become Putin's solution to the oil crisis and thus the adhesive keeping their economy afloat
Armstrong 15 (Armstrong, Ian. "Russia Is Creating a Global Nuclear Power Empire." Global Risk Insights. Global Risk Insights, 29 Oct. 2015. Web. 17 Aug. 2016.)
Russia is moving to create a global nuclear power empire — a bold power play
AND
for nuclear plant maintenance, but also the prestige that an NPP entails.

A Russian economic collapse causes a revolution which put nuclear weapons in play and cause mass violence.
Motyl 16 (Motyl, Alexander, Professor of Political Science at Rutgers . "Lights Out for the Putin Regime." Foreign Affairs. Foreign Affairs, 27 Jan. 2016. Web. 17 Aug. 2016.)
First, the Russian economy is in free fall. That oil and gas prices
AND
may finally abandon the imperial aspirations that enabled Putin to come to power.

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 3 | Opponent: St John Paul | Judge:
The US navy has moved toward a nuclear navy which is key for deterrence and naval power projection and heg
Spencer 07(Jack Spencer is Research Fellow in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies, and Baker Spring is F.M. Kirby Research Fellow in National Security Policy for the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for International Studies, at The Heritage Foundation)
Congress is debating whether future naval ships should include nuclear propulsion. The House version
AND
consider the unique benefits of providing and maintaining a larger nuclear navy.

US hegemony solves extinction – decline causes it

Brooks, Ikenberry, and Wohlforth 13
(Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College "Don't Come Home America: The Case Against Retrenchment," International Security, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Winter 2012/13), pp. 7–51)
A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far
AND
that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85

Tournament: gbx | Round: 1 | Opponent: good question | Judge: an old greenhill debater

The 1ac's celebration of participatory democracy is grossly inadequate to theorize the singularity of antiblackness. Civil society is founded upon the murder of Black and Red bodies. The affirmative's leftist rhetoric is nothing more than a guise for the same liberal democratic politics that allows anti-blackness to flourish.

Wilderson 2010
Frank, Associate Professor at UC Irvine's Department of Drama and African American Studies, Red, White and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, 3-12, 23-4
What are we to make of a world that responds to the most lucid enunciation
AND
more concrete analyses of films in parts 2, 3, and 4.

The Black Matrix – or Black woman – is located at a structural position of Rape, this conception does not formulate rape as an incident which happens, or one is more-or-less vulnerable to, but rather as the very condition for being of the Black woman and by extension being a Slave. Any discussion of political violence that does not attune itself to racial rape reifies and rearticulates Anti-blackness through gender.

James 13 ~Joy James, "Afrarealism and the Black Matrix: Maroon Philosophy at Democracy's Border", The Black Scholar, Vol. 43, No. 4, Special Issue: Role of Black Philosophy (Winter 2013), pp. 124-131, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5816/blackscholar.43.4.0124 .~
Introduction: Resilience Black philosophy functions as both a correc- tive and a
AND
of such women illuminated freedom flights and shaped a legacy for black philosophy.

Limiting Qualified Immunity is not an act of defiance, rather it is the opposite, it only serves to legitimize the United States constitution, rule of law, and criminal justice system.

Chen 15 (Qualified Immunity Liming Access to Justice and Impeding Development of the Law", Vol. 41 No. 1, Alan K. Chen, the William M. Beaney Memorial Research Chair and professor of law at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law, where he teaches courses in constitutional law, federal courts, and public interest law, American Bar Association, http://www.americanbar.org/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/2015—vol—41-/vol—41—no—1—-lurking-in-the-shadows—the-supreme-court-s-qui/qualified-immunity-limiting-access-to-justice-and-impeding-devel.html)
What this means is that in cases involving cutting-edge issues of constitutional law
AND
(2010) (Ginsburg, J., dissenting from denial of certiorari).

The squo uses qualified immunity for black people because violence done to black people is not "clearly established" nor understood. The aff attempts to define and position black suffering as contingent and understood.

The position of the slave is trapped between the subjective and objective vertigo that produces the violence of political economy. The Affirmative understands violence as a response to the performative resistance of the intra-Human conflicts of labour, gender, sex, and police brutality. This renders the logic of the affirmative unaccountable to ontological violence of black suffering constructed by the violence of anti-blackness.

Wilderson 11 Prof. of African American studies and drama at UC Irvine ~Frank B., III, "The Vengeance of Vertigo: Aphasia and Abjection in the Political Trials of Black Insurgents," InTensions Journal Iss. 5 Fall/Winter 2011 http://www.yorku.ca/intent/issue5/articles/frankbwildersoniii.php
~2~ With only small arms and crude explosives at their disposal, with
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with the myriad maps and frameworks which explain the dispossession of Human subalterns.

The aff merely papers over the structural antagonism between the black and the human – courts are unable to understand or incorporate black demands – the affirmative pushes the Slave to the political and attempts to make their violence legible for whites which is a paradigmatic impossibility and obscures anti-blackness

Wilderson 11
(Frank, professor of Drama and African American studies at the University of California, Irvine, "The Vengeance of Vertigo: Aphasia and Abjection in the Political Trials of Black Insurgents", InTensions, Issue 5 (Fall/Winter 2011))
 ~12~ Balagoon's poem is an example of the "necessary thing"
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channeled through conceptual frameworks and cognitive maps which crowd them out as subjects.

Anti-blackness is a cognitive matrix that produces a geography of death—-their impact calculus systematically devalues black life.

Dillon 12 Stephen, Ph.D. candidate in American Studies at the University of Minnesota. Dark Matter, 8-28, http://www.darkmatter101.org/site/2012/08/28/book-review-state-of-white-supremacy-darkmatter-journal/
The terrifying brilliance of contemporary white supremacy is that its breathtaking uneven distribution of life
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condition of possibility for our present subjectivities and modern politics" (269). 

The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best deconstructs anti-blackness

Our Alternative is to reject the affirmative in order to focus on an unflinching paradigmatic analysis that calls for the END OF AMERICA.

Wilderson 10 
(Frank "Unspeakable Ethics", Red, White, and Black: Cinema and the Structure of U.S. Antagonisms, ix-x, ~GLOB~)
Strange as it may seem, this book project began in South Africa. During
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, Andile Mngxitama, Prishani Naidoo, John Shai, and S'bu Zulu.