Tournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
I disclose broken positions. Look to Gideon or Kenneth for more positions.

Phone - 801-898-7626
fb - Nithin Chalapathi
email - nithin.ch10@gmail.com

Tournament: Alta | Round: 1 | Opponent: Skyline AF | Judge: Nielson, Scott

1AC

1AC

Framework

The practices that make critical thinking possible are under assault by militarization – neo-Nazis and a politics of disposability smother critical thought and marginalized the oppressed. Thus, the role of the ballot it to vote for the debater who best combats the militarized state. Giroux 15

Henry Giroux ~A high-school social studies teacher, positions @ Boston University, Miami University, and Penn State University. Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University. He has published more than 50 books and more than 300 academic articles, and is published widely throughout education and cultural studies literature~, "The curse of totalitarianism and the challenge of critical pedagogy"~ http://philosophersforchange.org/2015/10/13/the-curse-of-totalitarianism-and-the-challenge-of-critical-pedagogy/
The forces of free-market fundamentalism are on the march ushering in a terrifying
AND
critical pedagogy illuminates the relationships among knowledge, authority and power.~11~

Harms

Qualified immunity doctrine in excessive force cases is a mess – two warrants.

1~ The clearly established clause is constantly used in excessive forces cases this creates cyclical police violence – the law never becomes clearly established allowing police to do whatever they want. Carbado 16

Devon Carbado ~Harry Pregerson Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles Law School, 2016, "Blue on Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some Causes" Georgetown Law Journal, http://georgetownlawjournal.org/files/2016/08/carbado-blue-on-black.pdf
a. Qualified Immunity: Perhaps a more fundamental barrier to holding police officers accountable
AND
, courts will likely grant qualified immunity in cases involving such arrests.204  

That allows police get off in every instance – clearly established is super vague. Carbado 16

Devon Carbado ~Harry Pregerson Professor of Law, University of California, Los Angeles Law School, 2016, "Blue on Black Violence: A Provisional Model of Some Causes" Georgetown Law Journal, http://georgetownlawjournal.org/files/2016/08/carbado-blue-on-black.pdf
A second problem with the "clearly established" doctrine pertains to how courts apply
AND
a significant doctrinal hurdle to holding police officers accountable for acts of violence.

2~ Double reasonableness is provided in excessive force cases – this makes compensation impossible. Pittman 12.

Nathan R. Pittman, UNINTENTIONAL LEVELS OF FORCE IN § 1983 EXCESSIVE FORCE CLAIMS William and Mary Law Review William and Mary Law Review May, 2012 William and Mary Law Review 53 Wm. and Mary L. Rev. 2107
The Court's decision to employ an "objective reasonableness" standard in qualified immunity and
AND
, with the standard of reasonableness becoming less stringent the second time around. 

This allows the police to claim ignorance of the law creating more police violence. Pittman 12

Nathan R. Pittman, UNINTENTIONAL LEVELS OF FORCE IN § 1983 EXCESSIVE FORCE CLAIMS William and Mary Law Review William and Mary Law Review May, 2012 William and Mary Law Review 53 Wm. and Mary L. Rev. 2107
Qualified immunity has distorted other values in the legal system and provided perverse incentives to
AND
Mandery admits that such packaging has been explicitly rejected by the Court.146 

Qualified immunity in excessive force cases is used for police militarization. AELE 7

~Non Profit Police Training Center and Law Journal~, July 2007, "Civil Liability for SWAT operations"~ AELE, http://www.aele.org/law/2007LRJUL/2007-07MLJ101.pdf
A S.W.A.T. team or unit gets called into
AND
, the defendant officers were entitled to qualified immunity on all those claims.

This culminates into a police state – qi silences protests against police and justifies killings. Carter 15

Tom Carter ~WSWS Legal Correspondent, a lawyer~, 11-12-2015, "US Supreme Court expands immunity for killer cops," World Socialist Website, https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2015/11/12/pers-n12.html
With the death toll from police brutality continuing to mount, the US Supreme Court
AND
and dictatorship in response to the growth of working class opposition. Tom Carter

Solvency

Thus the plan: The Supreme Court will eliminate the reasonableness and clearly established clauses from qualified immunity doctrine.

The plan is key to cleaning up the semantic jumble of qualified immunity – it functionally eliminates it. That allows increased lawsuits and department reform which change police's behavior. Hassel 9

Diana ~JD Rutgers~, "Excessive Reasonableness", The Trustees of Indiana University Indiana Law Review 2009 Indiana Law Review 43 Ind. L. Rev. 117
The current regime poses at least three questions in resolving qualified immunity in an excessive
AND
start by simplifying and making more coherent the rules applicable to such claims. 

Meta review of literature proves – police are scared of lawsuits – they'll change their behavior. Ferdik 13

Frank V. Ferdik ~Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice University of South Carolina~, August 2013, "Perception is Reality: A Qualitative Approach to Understanding Police Officer Views on Civil Liability" International Police Executive Symposium, Geneva Centre For the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, Coginta – For Police Reforms and Community Safety, http://www.coginta.org/uploads/documents/817bd907a32ad935c3d563655f76658580c75497.pdf
Though there is ample research concerning the prevalence, cost and impact of this policy
AND
reported that fear of being sued did not register with them when stopping citizens

Lawsuits mean either departmental reform occurs, or victims are paid – empirics. Feuer 16

Alan Feuer ~been a staff writer at The New York Times since 1999. He has written about prisons, the Mafia, baseball, steakhouse waiters, pigeon racers, firefighters, bartenders, and single mothers.~, 8-16-2016, "In Police Misconduct Lawsuits, Potent Incentives Point to a Payout," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/17/nyregion/police-misconduct-lawsuit-settlements.html?_r=1andregister=google)
Scott Rynecki, who handled the lawsuit involving the death of Akai Gurley, with
AND
incentives to take a settled payout and not relive it all at trial.