Tournament: Yale | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hendrick Hudson MG | Judge: Sarah Ryan
On the Sept-Oct topic if the aff reads a plan specifying two or less countries, they must disclose the plan text on the NDCA wiki at least 15 minutes before the round.

Tournament: Byram Hills RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Newark Science BA | Judge: Diganta Rashed, Paul Zhou
CP Text:  Countries ought to replace all soliduranium-based reactors with molten salt reactors.

Competition:  Its functionally and textually competitive.  The Aff defends prohibition on the production of nuclear power, but the CP builds new reactors.   

The CP solves all the advantages — Molten salt reactors are extremely safe, can’t melt down, produce little radioactive waste, can recycle existing radioactive waste, and can’t be proliferated. Williams ’16

Williams, Stephen (Stephen Williams is a retired software engineer and former technical writer. Since retiring, Stephen has become preoccupied with the many issues surrounding energy use, such as climate change, ocean acidification, energy poverty, and pollution.). "Molten Salt Reactors: The Future of Green Energy?" ZME Science. ZME Science, 04 July 2016. Web. 16 Aug. 2016. http://www.zmescience.com/ecology/what-is-molten-salt-reactor-424343/. SHSJW

Since former NASA...everyone can embrace.

Tournament: Byram Hills RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Newark Science BA | Judge: Diganta Rashed, Paul Zhou
CO2 is on the rise and the time to act is now—unless measures are implemented, CO2 will be locked in to reach 450 ppm. IEA ’11:

International Energy Agency. (The IEA is an autonomous organization, which works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member countries and beyond. The IEA has four main areas of focus: energy security, economic development, environmental awareness and engagement worldwide.  World Energy Outlook 2011 brings together the latest data, policy developments, and the experience of another year to provide robust analysis and insight into global energy markets, today and for the next 25 years. This edition of the IEA’s flagship WEO publication gives the latest energy demand and supply projections for different future scenarios, broken down by country, fuel and sector). “World Energy Outlook”. 2011.  SHSJW

Global energy-related ... invest now in CCS.

Nuclear power has zero emissions. Countries have decided on using it to combat climate change but the aff’s ban cripples that plan. IEA ’15: 

International Energy Agency.  (The IEA is an autonomous organization, which works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member countries and beyond. The IEA has four main areas of focus: energy security, economic development, environmental awareness and engagement worldwide. )  “Technology Roadmap: Nuclear Energy."  2015.  https://www.oecd-nea.org/pub/techroadmap/

Nuclear power is ... the nuclear industry.

Nuclear power has been and will continue to be the only way to get C02 emissions back down to 350 ppm. It’s empirically proven; this study is fantastic. Kharecha and Hansen ’13:

Pushker A. Kharecha and James E. Hansen.  (Kharecha is a researcher at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Hansen is a researcher at Columbia University)  “Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power.  Environmental Science and Technology.  March 15, 2013.  SHSJW

We calculate that ... 240 by 500).

Without nuclear power, countries will be forced to rely on fossil fuels. This is empirically proven in Germany. Kharecha and Hansen 13:
Pushker A. Kharecha and James E. Hansen.  (Kharecha is a researcher at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Hansen is a researcher at Columbia University).  “Response to Comment on “Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power”. Environmental Science and Technology. May 22, 2013.  SHSJW

Sovacool et al. 1 ... fuel-fired power plants.

Above 350 ppm climate change impacts are triggered. Hansen et al. ’08:

Hansen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., Beerling, D., Berner, R., Masson-Delmotte, V., ... and Zachos, J. C.  (James Hansen is a researcher at Columbia University specializing in issues of global warming and climate change). “Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?” The Open Atmospheric Science Journal.  October 15, 2008.  SHSJW

Humanity today, collectively ... tragic consequences unavoidable.
This means extinction—CO2 ruins our oceans and the earth uninhabitable for thousands of years; nothing would survive. Romm 10: 

Romm, Joe.  (Joe Romm 12 is a Fellow at American Progress and is the editor of Climate Progress). “Science: Ocean Acidifying So Fast It Threatens Humanity’s Ability to Feed Itself,” 3/2/2012, http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2012/03/02/436193/science-ocean-acidifying-so-fast-it-threatens-humanity-ability-to-feed-itself/?utm_source=feedburnerandutm_medium=emailandutm_campaign=Feed3A+climateprogre.  SHSJW

The world’s oceans ... and shell-building.

Climate change disproportionally affects minoritarian groups despite the fact that they have contributed the least to the problem -- fighting climate change means fighting oppression.

Pellow 12, David Naguib, (Ph.D. Professor, Don Martindale Endowed Chair – University of Minnesota) February 2012, “Climate Disruption in the Global South and in African American Communities: Key Issues, Frameworks, and Possibilities for Climate Justice,” http://www.jointcenter.org/sites/default/files/upload/research/files/White_Paper_Climate_Disruption_final.pdf SHSAM

While contributing the ... combat climate disruption.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 3 | Opponent: Hendrick Hudson MG | Judge: Sarah Ryan
A Interpretation: “Countries” is a generic bare plural noun phrase that refers to countries in general. The aff may not defend 1 specific country, but must defend all countries as a general principle.
B Violation: You specify
C Net benefits:
1 Grammar -- our interp is key to how ordinary speakers would view the topic—they’re masters of the language and best understand it. This card says governments, but it clearly applies to countries as well. 

Nebel 14, Jake (Lets be real you know who he is) December 12th “Jake Nebel on Specifying ‘Just Governments’” Victory Briefs http://vbriefly.com/2014/12/19/jake-nebel-on-specifying-just-governments SHSAM

I believe that ... the argument above.

Means you don’t have the jurisdiction to vote aff – if they are not semantically accurate they don’t have an advocacy.

D Framing:
Fairness is a voter
Education is a voter
Jurisdiction is a voter 

Dropping the advocacy means dropping the debater – you no longer have an advocacy to garner offense.

Use competing interps— 

No RVI’s—

Tournament: Yale | Round: 2 | Opponent: Nueva JT | Judge: Mariah Cook
A. Interpretation: The Aff must defend hypothetical implementation of the resolution by a legislative body.  This does not require the use of any particular argument — only that the topic and government policy ought to determine the debate.   

“
Resolved” means the affirmative must defend the implementation of a prohibition to nuclear power.  Parcher
Jeff Parcher.  (Former debate coach at Georgetown University).  February 2001.  http://www.ndtceda.com/archives/200102/0790.html  SHSJW

Pardon me if I ... to a question.

Also Black’s Law Dictionary defines prohibition as
“Restraining a certain actions by a certain party, normally by the order of a legitimate legal authority”.

Net benefits
First, T Version of the Aff Solves 

2.  Limits – Specific, limited resolutions ensure mutual ground which is key to sustainable controversy without sacrificing creativity or openness
Steinberg and Freeley 2008 

Austin J. Freeley and David L. Steinberg.  (Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami).  Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making.  2008.
Debate is a means ... the following discussion.

3.  Education – Scenario simulation lets students test decisions and strategies without the real stakes of having to implement them—this process is more transformative than the content of the 1ac.  Hanghoj 2008 

Hanghoj, Thorkild. (PhD, assistant professor, School of Education, University of Aarhus, also affiliated with the Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials, located at the Institute of Literature, Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Southern Denmark) http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf
Joas’ re-interpretation of ... problem-based scenarios. 

4. Preparation and clash—changing the topic post facto manipulates balance of prep, which structurally favors the aff because they speak last and permute alternatives—strategic fairness is key to engaging a well-prepared opponent
Topical fairness requirements are key to meaningful dialogue—monopolizing strategy and prep makes the discussion one-sided and subverts any meaningful neg role.  Galloway 07

Ryan Galloway 7.  (Samford Comm professor). Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28. 2007.

Debate as a ... of topical advocacy