Tournament: Princeton | Round: 2 | Opponent: Hill DY | Judge: Chetan Hertzig Interpretation: Debaters may defend at most 1 conditional advocacy.
12/17/16
1 - Disclosure Interps
Tournament: - | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: - Interpretation: Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed before the debate on their NDCA wiki page under their own name with full citations, tags, and first three/last three words.
Interpretation: Debaters must disclose previously run constructive positions – all cases, off cases and theory arguments – at least 30 minutes before the round on the NDCA wiki or when asked. This means providing proper citations for all evidence including first three and last three words and tags as well as advocacy, standard, and interpretation texts.
9/23/16
1 - Evidence Ethics
Tournament: Bronx | Round: 4 | Opponent: Pembroke Pines WW | Judge: Sean Fahey Interpretation: Debaters may not insert analytics into evidence without explicitly delineating when their analytic ends and when the card text begins. This can be done by reinserting the tag or say they add.
12/17/16
1 - Must have alt
Tournament: Princeton | Round: Semis | Opponent: Harrison RP | Judge: Jake Nebel, Dani Reyes, Kathy Wang Interpretation: If the neg reads a prefiat voting issue, it must have a delineated alt text.
12/8/16
1 - Theory Advocate Interp
Tournament: Apple Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: WDM Valley BG | Judge: Travis Fife A Interp: If debaters read a theory or T interp, they must have a carded solvency advocate
12/17/16
ND - ADA AC
Tournament: Apple Valley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harrison LC | Judge: Ben Houlgin The role of the ballot is to evaluate the simulated policy of the aff world; the neg must defend a post-fiat policy option.
2. Using the policy to fight oppression is not saying the state is good, but rather is a heuristic to understanding the problem. Zanotti 14 Dr. Laura Zanotti is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Her research and teaching include critical political theory as well as international organizations, UN peacekeeping, democratization and the role of NGOs in post-conflict governance.“Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World” – Alternatives: Global, Local, Political – vol 38(4):p. 288-304,. A little unclear if this is late 2013 or early 2014 – The Stated “Version of Record” is Feb 20, 2014, but was originally published online on December 30th, 2013. Obtained via Sage Database. By questioning substantialist representations of power and subjects, inquiries on the possibilities of political AND position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’84
The standard is minimizing structural violence.
Structural violence causes oppression against particular groups to be invisible. Revealing it forces us to reevaluate our perceptions. This means minimizing structural violence precludes all ethical evaluation. Winter and Leighton ‘07 (Deborah Du Nann Winter and Dana C. Leighton, professors of psychology, STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE, Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Century, Ohio State University, 2007 (http://academic.marion.ohio-state.edu/dchristie/Peace20Psychology20Book_files/Section20II20-20Structural20Violence20(Winter202620Leighton).pdf) Direct violence is horrific, but its brutality usually gets our attention: we notice AND thinking can be fostered by relationships, communication, and appreciation of diversity.
2. Debate should deal with real-world consequences—ideal theories ignore the concrete nature of the world and legitimize oppression Curry ’14, (Dr. Tommy J. Curry, “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century”, Victory Briefs, 2014,) Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real AND used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters.
Mass incarceration and overcriminalization is a failed experiment and the move to deinstitutionalize people with mental illnesses only moved them from institutions to the prison industrial complex. Vallas 16, Rebecca. “Disabled Behind Bars: The Mass Incarceration of People with Disabilities in America’s Jails and Prisons” Center for American Progress. July 2016 https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/18000151/2CriminalJusticeDisability-report.pdf SHSAM America’s four-decade-long experiment with mass incarceration and overcriminalization is widely recognized AND reports that fully 1 in 5 prison inmates have a serious mental illness.
Mass incarceration of people with disabilities creates structural barriers to accessing medical treatment and employment and lack of training for police officers means higher rates of police related killings. Vallas 16, Rebecca. “Disabled Behind Bars: The Mass Incarceration of People with Disabilities in America’s Jails and Prisons” Center for American Progress. July 2016 https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/18000151/2CriminalJusticeDisability-report.pdf SHSAM Mass incarceration of people with disabilities is unjust, unethical, and cruel. But AND services, making them incapable of meeting the needs of participants with disabilities.
Lack of accommodations in the nation’s courts denies people with disabilities access to necessary accommodations and a fair trial which only leads to wrongful arrests and convictions. Vallas 16, Rebecca. “Disabled Behind Bars: The Mass Incarceration of People with Disabilities in America’s Jails and Prisons” Center for American Progress. July 2016 https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/18000151/2CriminalJusticeDisability-report.pdf SHSAM The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability and mandates that AND apparently due to lack of comfort or experience representing clients with disabilities.52
Plan: The United States ought to limit qualified immunity by making the Americans with Disabilities Act applicable to arrest situations. Auner 16, Thomas. “For The Protection of Society’s Most Vulnerable, The ADA Should Apply To Arrests.” Los Angeles Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review. 2016. http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/llr/vol49/iss1/10 SHSAM Excessive force claims stemming from the Fourth Amendment and section 1983 of the Civil Rights AND incentivize proper police training and provide uniform federal protections for the mentally ill.
There is discrepancy now and passing the plan is key to uniform application of the ADA. Auner 16, Thomas. “For The Protection of Society’s Most Vulnerable, The ADA Should Apply To Arrests.” Los Angeles Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review. 2016. http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/llr/vol49/iss1/10 SHSAM The circuit courts are split as to whether the ADA applies to arrest situations. AND waiting over two hours for the situation to diffuse— ere reasonable.96
The aff not only means more training for officers in the context of ADA cases, it encourages the creation of new disability-rights laws that apply in all situations. Brodin 05, Rachel. “Remedying a Particularized Form of Discrimination: Why Disabled Plaintiffs Can and Should Bring Claims of Police Misconduct Under the Americans with Disabilites Act.” University of Pennsylvania Law Review. 2005. http://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1296andcontext=penn_law_ review. SHSAM Claims that police departments and local governments have failed to appropriately train officers are prime AND standards for such policies and practices in the context of Section 1983 claims.
The aff means better education for officers which means better compliance with the ADA and more safety for people with mental illnesses. Auner 16, Thomas. “For The Protection of Society’s Most Vulnerable, The ADA Should Apply To Arrests.” Los Angeles Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review. 2016. http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/llr/vol49/iss1/10 SHSAM When courts deem the ADA applicable to specific situations, public and private entities typically AND officers receive basic training on how best to handle the mentally ill.117
Debaters have a moral duty to shine on a light on mental health issues so as to not become complicit in their continuity. Hendrickson '13, Ed (Former Meadows debater, former Apple Valley LD coach, and LD institute instructor). "Depression and an Invisible Community", VBriefly, 9/30/13, vbriefly.com/2013/09/30/20139depression-and-an-invisible-community/ It’s common debate parlance to say that a tournament is depressing. We joke that AND needed the most. When it’s quiet is when it’s important to listen.
Ableism serves as a template for other forms of structural violence – means we must reject any instance of it. Siebers 9 Tobin Siebers (Professor of Literary and Cultural Criticism @ University of Michigan), “The Aesthetics of Human Disqualification”, 10/28/9, Lecture, http://disabilities.temple.edu/media/ds/lecture20091028siebersAesthetics_FULL.doc Oppression is the systematic victimization of one group by another. It is a form AND after the incident, does not surpass the hurdle of municipal immunity.77
12/17/16
ND - ADA AC v2
Tournament: Apple Valley RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Cambridge Ringe OS | Judge: Chetan Hertzig, Daniel Lumpee Same offense, new plan text
Plan: The Supreme Court of the United States should limit qualified immunity by adopting the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act’s applicability to arrest situations in Sheehan v. City and County of San Francisco as a legal precedent for all circuits on the next available test case. Auner 16 Thomas J. "For the Protection of Society's Most Vulnerable, the ADA Should Apply to Arrests." Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 49.1 (2016): 335. Excessive force claims stemming from the Fourth Amendment and section 1983 of the Civil Rights AND incentivize proper police training and provide uniform federal protections for the mentally ill.
They continue The Ninth Circuit’s approach to the ADA’s applicability to arrest situations in Sheehan should be a model for all circuits. Holding the ADA applicable to arrest situations furthers the ADA’s objectives and forces law enforcement agencies to implement improved training programs. Training programs implemented by police departments in order to comply with the ADA will likely lead to increased safety among those with mental illnesses. Thus, the Supreme Court has a duty to ensure that a mentally ill person living within in the Fifth Circuit is subject to the same federal protections as a mentally ill person living within the Ninth Circuit. In addition to making the federal law uniform, it is the right thing to do for the mentally ill.
12/17/16
SEPTOCT - Structural Violence AC v3
Tournament: Yale | Round: 3 | Opponent: WDM Valley EM | Judge: Phoebe Kuo The standard is minimizing structural violence.
Structural violence causes oppression against particular groups to be invisible. Minimizing structural violence precludes all ethical evaluation. Winter and Leighton ‘07 (Deborah Du Nann Winter and Dana C. Leighton, professors of psychology,) “STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE, Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Century”, Ohio State University, 2007 Direct violence is horrific, but its brutality usually gets our attention: we notice AND thinking can be fostered by relationships, communication, and appreciation of diversity.
2) Any truth claim is epistemically suspect—there is always a higher order obligation in rejecting oppression so excluded voices can be incorporated into our epistemologies. Clifford and Burke ‘08 (Derek and Beverley), “Anti-Oppressive Ethics and Values in Social Work”, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, http://www.palgrave.com/PDFs/1403905568.pdf Our view of the nature of ethics admits the possibility of giving reasons, drawing AND other’, in the sense of one who is socially and culturally different.
3) Evaluating issues of oppression comes before evaluations of abstract ethics. Matsuda ‘89 Mari, Associate Professor of Law @ the University of Hawaii, “When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method”, 11 Women's Rts. L. Rep. 7 1989 The multiple consciousness I urge lawyers to attain is not a random ability to see AND for these writers as they enter into mainstream debates about law and theory.
4) Debate should deal with real-world consequences—ideal theories ignore the concrete nature of the world and legitimize oppression Curry ’14, (Dr. Tommy J. Curry), “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century”, Victory Briefs, 2014 Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real AND used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters.
Thus, I affirm resolved: Countries ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. I affirm the resolution as general principle but am willing to specify a mechanism if asked in CX so long as I don’t have to abandon.
The risk of nuclear production has been outsourced to marginalized communities and has become a symbol of systemic state domination. Chen 11, Michelle (Michelle Chen is Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors.) March 23, 2011 “The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy” Colorlines http://www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy SHSAM Bracketed for grammar and efficiency At every point in the nuclear production chain, the industry has sloughed a disproportionate AND to "effectively an 'up yours' response to the citizens of our country":
Proximity to a nuclear plant marks bodies as risky and thus make them face disadvantages throughout society. Cousins et al. 1, Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM One of the goals of the preceding section was to complicate the notion of “ AND recognize the vulnerabilities of disadvantaged groups and to minimize their exposure to harm.
Nuclear power companies are able to control and manipulate local populations due to the systemic silencing of minoritarian voices by governmental organizations. Dixon 12, Bruce A. January 25th “Environmental racism: Is nuclear plant causing cancer for poor black residents of Shell Bluff” The Grio http://thegrio.com/2012/01/25/nuclear-plants-and-cancer-epidemics-in-a-poor-black-georgia-town-environmental-racism-in-the-21st-ce/ SHSAM “The NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) just approved construction permits for two new AND will not benefit Georgia residents, because it will be sold to Florida.
Law has been structured so that indigenous communities are targeted as dumping grounds for nuclear waste. Endres 09 1, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Before attending to the rhetorical nature of nuclear colonialism, it is important to emphasize AND people living near tailing piles at a high risk for lung cancer.10
The discursive implications of our policies outweigh the material implications they have – its what shapes the structures that create the material violence. Endres 09 2, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Although the material implications of nuclear colonialism are undeniable, but it is AND and rhetorical strategies that invoke the interrelated discursive systems of colonialism and nuclearism.
Using the policy to fight oppression is not saying the state is good, but rather is a heuristic to understanding the problem. Zanotti 14 Dr. Laura Zanotti is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Her research and teaching include critical political theory as well as international organizations, UN peacekeeping, democratization and the role of NGOs in post-conflict governance.“Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World” – Alternatives: Global, Local, Political – vol 38(4):p. 288-304,. A little unclear if this is late 2013 or early 2014 – The Stated “Version of Record” is Feb 20, 2014, but was originally published online on December 30th, 2013. Obtained via Sage Database. By questioning substantialist representations of power and subjects, inquiries on the possibilities of political AND position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’84
The aff represents a symbolic shift away from traditional utilitarian policies that attempt to solely base politics on a cost benefit analysis. Cousins et al. 2, Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM While greater safety standards are necessary, simply creating more safety legislation does not solve AND benefit those most at risk without necessarily creating additional costs for the government.
Nuclearism operates via rhetorical exclusion within policy making – the aff’s prohibition is a form of nuclear critism which could break down our tradition of colonialism Endres 09 3, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Considering the use of American Indian resources and lands in support of the nuclear production AND actions those in power deem necessary to control challenges to its legitimacy.’’48
9/17/16
SO - Structural Violence AC
Tournament: Byram Hills RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bronx Science GM | Judge: Joshua Wurzman, Sarah Crucilla The standard is minimizing structural violence.
Structural violence causes oppression against particular groups to be invisible. Minimizing structural violence precludes all ethical evaluation. Winter and Leighton ‘07 (Deborah Du Nann Winter and Dana C. Leighton, professors of psychology,) “STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE, Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Century”, Ohio State University, 2007 Direct violence is horrific, but its brutality usually gets our attention: we notice AND thinking can be fostered by relationships, communication, and appreciation of diversity.
2) Any truth claim is epistemically suspect—there is always a higher order obligation in rejecting oppression so excluded voices can be incorporated into our epistemologies. Clifford and Burke ‘08 (Derek and Beverley), “Anti-Oppressive Ethics and Values in Social Work”, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, http://www.palgrave.com/PDFs/1403905568.pdf Our view of the nature of ethics admits the possibility of giving reasons, drawing AND other’, in the sense of one who is socially and culturally different.
3) Evaluating issues of oppression comes before evaluations of abstract ethics. Matsuda ‘89 Mari, Associate Professor of Law @ the University of Hawaii, “When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method”, 11 Women's Rts. L. Rep. 7 1989 The multiple consciousness I urge lawyers to attain is not a random ability to see AND for these writers as they enter into mainstream debates about law and theory.
4) Debate should deal with real-world consequences—ideal theories ignore the concrete nature of the world and legitimize oppression Curry ’14, (Dr. Tommy J. Curry), “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century”, Victory Briefs, 2014 Despite the pronouncement of debate as an activity and intellectual exercise pointing to the real AND used to currently justify the living wages in under our contemporary moral parameters.
Plan Text: The United States federal government ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power.
The risk of nuclear production has been outsourced to marginalized communities and has become a symbol of systemic state domination. Chen 11, Michelle (Michelle Chen is Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors.) March 23, 2011 “The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy” Colorlines http://www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy SHSAM Bracketed for grammar and efficiency At every point in the nuclear production chain, the industry has sloughed a disproportionate AND to "effectively an 'up yours' response to the citizens of our country":
Proximity to a nuclear plant marks bodies as risky and thus make them face disadvantages throughout society. Cousins et al., Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM One of the goals of the preceding section was to complicate the notion of “ AND recognize the vulnerabilities of disadvantaged groups and to minimize their exposure to harm.
Nuclear power companies are able to control and manipulate local populations due to the systemic silencing of minoritarian voices by governmental organizations. Dixon 12, Bruce A. January 25th “Environmental racism: Is nuclear plant causing cancer for poor black residents of Shell Bluff” The Grio http://thegrio.com/2012/01/25/nuclear-plants-and-cancer-epidemics-in-a-poor-black-georgia-town-environmental-racism-in-the-21st-ce/ SHSAM “The NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) just approved construction permits for two new AND will not benefit Georgia residents, because it will be sold to Florida.
US law has been structured so that indigenous communities are targeted as dumping grounds for nuclear waste. Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Before attending to the rhetorical nature of nuclear colonialism, it is important to emphasize AND people living near tailing piles at a high risk for lung cancer.10
Racialized and militarized policies are linked to environmental injustice – fighting one means we fight the other as well. Pellow 12, David Naguib, (Ph.D. Professor, Don Martindale Endowed Chair – University of Minnesota) February 2012, “Climate Disruption in the Global South and in African American Communities: Key Issues, Frameworks, and Possibilities for Climate Justice,” http://www.jointcenter.org/sites/default/files/upload/research/files/White_Paper_Climate_Disruption_final.pdf SHSAM Leaders from Indigenous and various global South communities have also drawn connections between climate disruption AND disruptive activities. Hydro-electric power is just one of many examples.
The discursive implications of our policies outweigh the material implications they have – its what shapes the structures that create the material violence. Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Although the material implications of nuclear colonialism are undeniable, but it is AND and rhetorical strategies that invoke the interrelated discursive systems of colonialism and nuclearism.
Using the policy to fight oppression is not saying the state is good, but rather is a heuristic to understanding the problem. Zanotti 14 Dr. Laura Zanotti is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Her research and teaching include critical political theory as well as international organizations, UN peacekeeping, democratization and the role of NGOs in post-conflict governance.“Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World” – Alternatives: Global, Local, Political – vol 38(4):p. 288-304,. A little unclear if this is late 2013 or early 2014 – The Stated “Version of Record” is Feb 20, 2014, but was originally published online on December 30th, 2013. Obtained via Sage Database. By questioning substantialist representations of power and subjects, inquiries on the possibilities of political AND position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’84
The aff represents a symbolic shift away from traditional utilitarian policies that attempt to solely base politics on a cost benefit analysis. Cousins et al., Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM While greater safety standards are necessary, simply creating more safety legislation does not solve AND benefit those most at risk without necessarily creating additional costs for the government.
Nuclearism operates via rhetorical exclusion within policy making – the aff’s prohibition is a form of nuclear critism which could break down our tradition of colonialism Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Considering the use of American Indian resources and lands in support of the nuclear production AND actions those in power deem necessary to control challenges to its legitimacy.’’48
12/17/16
SO - Structural Violence AC v2
Tournament: Byram Hills RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Success Academy SC | Judge: Russ Riccardi, Sam Azbel The standard is minimizing structural violence.
Structural violence causes oppression against particular groups to be invisible. Minimizing structural violence precludes all ethical evaluation. Winter and Leighton ‘07 (Deborah Du Nann Winter and Dana C. Leighton, professors of psychology,) “STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE, Peace, Conflict, and Violence: Peace Psychology for the 21st Century”, Ohio State University, 2007 Direct violence is horrific, but its brutality usually gets our attention: we notice AND thinking can be fostered by relationships, communication, and appreciation of diversity.
2) Any truth claim is epistemically suspect—there is always a higher order obligation in rejecting oppression so excluded voices can be incorporated into our epistemologies. Clifford and Burke ‘08 (Derek and Beverley), “Anti-Oppressive Ethics and Values in Social Work”, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, http://www.palgrave.com/PDFs/1403905568.pdf Our view of the nature of ethics admits the possibility of giving reasons, drawing AND other’, in the sense of one who is socially and culturally different.
3) Evaluating issues of oppression comes before evaluations of abstract ethics. Matsuda ‘89 Mari, Associate Professor of Law @ the University of Hawaii, “When the First Quail Calls: Multiple Consciousness as Jurisprudential Method”, 11 Women's Rts. L. Rep. 7 1989 The multiple consciousness I urge lawyers to attain is not a random ability to see AND for these writers as they enter into mainstream debates about law and theory.
Plan Text: The United States federal government ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. Willing to specify in CX.
The risk of nuclear production has been outsourced to marginalized communities and has become a symbol of systemic state domination. Chen 11, Michelle (Michelle Chen is Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors.) March 23, 2011 “The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy” Colorlines http://www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy SHSAM Bracketed for grammar and efficiency At every point in the nuclear production chain, the industry has sloughed a disproportionate AND to "effectively an 'up yours' response to the citizens of our country":
Proximity to a nuclear plant marks bodies as risky and thus make them face disadvantages throughout society. Cousins et al., Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM One of the goals of the preceding section was to complicate the notion of “ AND recognize the vulnerabilities of disadvantaged groups and to minimize their exposure to harm.
Nuclear power companies are able to control and manipulate local populations due to the systemic silencing of minoritarian voices by governmental organizations. Dixon 12, Bruce A. January 25th “Environmental racism: Is nuclear plant causing cancer for poor black residents of Shell Bluff” The Grio http://thegrio.com/2012/01/25/nuclear-plants-and-cancer-epidemics-in-a-poor-black-georgia-town-environmental-racism-in-the-21st-ce/ SHSAM “The NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) just approved construction permits for two new AND will not benefit Georgia residents, because it will be sold to Florida.
US law has been structured so that indigenous communities are targeted as dumping grounds for nuclear waste. Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Before attending to the rhetorical nature of nuclear colonialism, it is important to emphasize AND people living near tailing piles at a high risk for lung cancer.10
The discursive implications of our policies outweigh the material implications they have – its what shapes the structures that create the material violence. Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Although the material implications of nuclear colonialism are undeniable, but it is AND and rhetorical strategies that invoke the interrelated discursive systems of colonialism and nuclearism.
Using the policy to fight oppression is not saying the state is good, but rather is a heuristic to understanding the problem. Zanotti 14 Dr. Laura Zanotti is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Her research and teaching include critical political theory as well as international organizations, UN peacekeeping, democratization and the role of NGOs in post-conflict governance.“Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World” – Alternatives: Global, Local, Political – vol 38(4):p. 288-304,. A little unclear if this is late 2013 or early 2014 – The Stated “Version of Record” is Feb 20, 2014, but was originally published online on December 30th, 2013. Obtained via Sage Database. By questioning substantialist representations of power and subjects, inquiries on the possibilities of political AND position leads not to apathy but to hyper- and pessimistic activism.’’84
Nuclearism operates via rhetorical exclusion within policy making – the aff’s prohibition is a form of nuclear critism which could break down our tradition of colonialism Endres 09, Danielle (Associate Professor, Communication, University of Utah Director, Communication Institute, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Environmental Humanities Grad, University of Utah Affiliated Faculty, Global Change and Sustainability Center, University of Utah Assistant Professor, Communication, University of Utah) March 1, 2009 “The Rhetoric of Nuclear Colonialism: Rhetorical Exclusion of American Indian Arguments in the Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Siting Decision” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency Considering the use of American Indian resources and lands in support of the nuclear production AND actions those in power deem necessary to control challenges to its legitimacy.’’48
The aff represents a symbolic shift away from traditional utilitarian policies that attempt to solely base politics on a cost benefit analysis. Cousins et al., Elicia, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice: A Mixed-Methods Study of Risk, Vulnerability, and the Victim Experience” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf SHSAM While greater safety standards are necessary, simply creating more safety legislation does not solve AND benefit those most at risk without necessarily creating additional costs for the government.
