Tournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Evanston GH | Judge: Carlson

Counterplan text: We call for the entirety of the affirmative sans their use of ableistic rhetoric. Net benefits:

The use of blindness discourse is problematic – it perpetuates ableism and the idea that blindness implies moral inferiority. Treiman 11:

Treiman 11 Shelley Tremain (University of Toronto, Social Justice Education). “Ableist language and philosophical associations.” 2011, http://www.newappsblog.com/2011/07/ableist-language-and-philosophical-associations.html 

Over the last couple of decades, … inflicting harm in this way. 

“Blind” implies being incapable of planning, being unable to comprehend information and regularly misunderstanding the motives of others. Kali 10:

Brilliant Mind Broken Body: Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, “I am not your Metaphor,” October 17, 2010, http://brilliantmindbrokenbody.wordpress.com/2010/10/17/i-am-not-your-metaphor/

Blind - I bet you can’t … issues that have NOTHING to do with sight!

Your role is an educator whose job is to challenge dominant ableist mindsets, endorsing our methodology causes a spillover into our everyday lives. Beckett 13:

Beckett 13’- Angharad Anti-oppressive pedagogy and¶ disability: possibilities and challenges, School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds

Serious and systemic disability discrimination …‘foot in both camps’ i.e.¶ ‘oppressed’ and ‘privileged’.

Tournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Evanston GH | Judge: Carlson

The 1AC’s utopian imagination in which structures of oppression don’t exist anymore is oppressive – that kind of abstraction distracts us from actual solutions. Curry 14:

Curry, Dr. Tommy J. Associate Professor of Philosophy, Affiliated Professor of Africana Studies, and a Ray A. Rothrock Fellow at Texas AandM University; first Black JV National Debate champion (for UMKC) and was half of the first all Black CEDA team to win the Pi Kappa Delta National Debate Tournament “The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century.” 

Despite the pronouncement of debate … among our ideological tendencies and politics.

Vote neg to rupture the whiteness of the utopia of the affirmative. Curry 13:

Dr. Tommy J. Curry 13, Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Texas AandM, "In the Fiat of Dreams: The Delusional Allure of Hope, the Reality of Anti-Black Violence and the Demands of the Anti-Ethical", 2013

Anti-ethics; the call to … melaninated bodies and nigger-souls, is totalizing.

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Dulles AW | Judge: Fahey, Bietz, Hampton

You are a trader in the catastrophe market – the signifiers of suffering that the affirmative presents are traded like currency for the ballot in the worst form of academic imperialism – you make the oppression you describe inevitable. Baudrillard 94:

Jean, French sociologist, philosopher, cultural theorist and political commentator. “The Illusion of the End” 1994. SA-IB

We have long denounced the … deplore each day in pictures. 

To call for the ballot is to breathe life into the system, a system that hungers for the suffering the affirmative feeds it – that link turns case. Vote negative to starve the system of the suffering it craves. Bifo 11:

Franco, Marxist scholar. “After the Future” 2011 SA-IB

Reality itself founders in hyperrealism …  subjected to the common good.

The K is a gateway issue – if they win that trading signifiers of suffering is a good methodology then the rest of the 1NC applies.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: Octas | Opponent: Cabot BG | Judge: Coffman, Walts, Thomas

You are a trader in the catastrophe market – the signifiers of suffering that the affirmative presents are traded like currency for the ballot in the worst form of academic imperialism – you make the oppression you describe inevitable.

Baudrillard 94: Jean, French sociologist, philosopher, cultural theorist and political commentator. “The Illusion of the End” 1994. SA-IB

We have long denounced the … deplore each day in pictures. 

This call for recognition by the system/ballot REPRODUCES the social structures it hopes to destroy.  It both implies that recognition by racist institutions is an end point of politics and expresses that the system is working – “see, look, these disadvantaged people have become important and dangerous! We recognize that with our ballots” Voting aff isn’t something radical—it’s liking a Facebook post about resistance.

Reed 13: Adolph, professor of political science at University of Pennsylvania who specializes in race and US politics. “Django Unchained, or, The Help: How ‘Cultural Politics’ Is Worse Than No Politics at All, and Why” February 25, 2013, pg. http://tinyurl.com/ce6rwp7

The deeper message of these films, insofar as … doing so. But no one ever supposed that Leni Riefenstahl was on the left.

To call for the ballot is to breathe life into the system, a system that hungers for the suffering the affirmative feeds it – that link turns case. Vote negative to starve the system of the suffering it craves.

Bifo 11: Franco, Marxist scholar. “After the Future” 2011 SA-IB

Reality itself founders in hyperrealism …  subjected to the common good.

Tournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 1 | Opponent: Law Magnet MG | Judge: Castillo

Evaluate representations before everything else – disads to their reps outweigh all other layers. Vincent 13:

Christopher, debate coach, former college NDT debater. “Re-Conceptualizing Our Performances: Accountability In Lincoln Douglas Debate” 2013. SA-IB

Again for debaters of color, their performance ... transformative potential this community could have.

The AFF’s notion of equality of all viewpoints is some all lives matter bullshit – it allows racist to feel comfortable with their privilege and stance, because after all, linguistic norms mean all ideas matter – this creates color ignorance that reifies hierarchies and papers over discussion of oppression. Williams 11:

Monica, licensed clinical psychologist and associate professor at the University of Connecticut in the department of Psychological Sciences. She was previously an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia, and director of the Center for Mental Health Disparities at the University of Connecticut. Dr. Williams completed her undergraduate studies at MIT and UCLA. “Colorblind Ideology Is a Form of Racism” Dec 27, 2011. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/culturally-speaking/201112/colorblind-ideology-is-form-racism SA-IB

Racial issues are often uncomfortable to discuss ... color and American society as a whole.

Speech is NOT EQUAL – systems of power place certain forms of speech below others – only intervention can prevent those powers from destroying equal representation, which turns case. Byrne 91:

J. Peter, associate professor at Georgetown law. “Racial Insults and Free Speech Within the University” Georgetown University Law Center. 1991. http://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1577/ 

The university's first commitment is to truth. As argued ... argument always has a privileged place in the university.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: Octas | Opponent: Cabot BG | Judge: Coffman, Walts, Thomas

The term “domestic violence” trivializes the criminal nature of the violence and acts as if it’s only in the private sphere – IPV solves.

Douglas 04: Heather Douglas “Crime in the intimate sphere: prosecutions of intimate partner violence” 7 newscastle l. rev 80 (2004)

In this paper I have eschewed the use of … to be that they are more likely to suffer violence from their intimate partner (or previous partner) than any other person.

Using the terminology of “victim” is actively disempowering – robs individuals of agency and devalues acts of resistance – survivor is key.

Akhila 12: recent graduate of Harvard Law School, and a current fellow at Open Society Foundations, studies and work in the area of legal empowerment, access to justice, and ending gender-based violence. “Why words matter: Victim v. Survivor” March 13, 2012.

Throughout my work with domestic … their lives and healing from the trauma

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: Octas | Opponent: Cabot BG | Judge: Coffman, Walts, Thomas

Taking a feminist standpoint reifies the gender binary – it legitimizes a gender duality – by defining women as a distinct social and biological group, the aff divides the world into male and female.

Ferguson 91: – (Kathy E. Professor of Philosophy, University of Hawaii“Interpretation and Genealogy in Feminism” Signs, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Winter, 1991), pp. 322-339

An important tension within current feminist … experience tends to elide difference nonetheless. 

Their framing of gender violence perpetuates a gender binary – they frame men as the abusers and women as the oppressed.

Truitt 14: BRACKETS FOR CLARITY - Jos Executive Director of Feministing in charge of Development, “THE DANGERS OF A GENDER ESSENTIALIST APPROACH TO SEXUAL VIOLENCE”, Feministing, 2014

Rape is absolutely a gendered crime. This is … of the gender binary by leaving victims out.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: Octas | Opponent: Cabot BG | Judge: Coffman, Walts, Thomas

Their thesis is that police don’t do enough to help survivors in the criminal justice system, but then ask those survivors to sue those officers using the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system will always prop up hierarchies of oppression – the aff is a ruse of solvency.

Hart 92: Barbara, Director of Strategic Justice and Violence Against Women Initiatives in the Justice Policy Program of the Cutler Institute on Health and Social Policy of the Muskie School of Public Service of the University of Southern Maine. She is the Principle Investigator on: the Violence Against Women Measuring Effectiveness Initiative, the Tri-‐County Advocacy Project, and Community Assessment of Firearms Retrieval Systems. She sits on the ME Domestic Abuse Homicide Review Panel that produces bi-‐annual reports and recommendations for systemic reforms to eliminate domestic fatalities. “Battered Women and the Criminal Justice System.” American Behavioral Scientist. Volume 36, Issue 5. 1993. Pages 624-638. SA-IB

Unlike other victims of violent crime, battered women … that it is not fair to arrest and prosecute the perpetrator. 

State focus for IPV recreates oppression, allowing the state to posit itself as an innocent protector, giving in the power it needs to exact violence and reify economic and racist hierarchies.

Kandaswamny 10: Priya Kandaswamy Associate Professor Department Head Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies, “"You trade in a man for the man": Domestic Violence and the U.S. Welfare State”, American Quarterly, Volume 62, Number 2, June 2010

The case of the Family Violence Option presents two very … women’s advocates will remain trapped in what Johnnie Tillmon described as “trading in a man for the man.”  

Their insertion of feminist pedagogy into jurisprudence assumes the validity of the court system. The aff’s radical position is nothing because it relies on the state, it teaches mediocrity and reproduces violence.

Schlag 09: Pierre, Professor of Law and Former Associate Dean for Research at University of Colorado Law School. “ESSAY AND RESPONSE: Spam Jurisprudence, Air Law, and the Rank Anxiety of Nothing Happening (A Report on the State of the Art)” March 2009. Georgetown Law Journal. SA-IB

In terms of social organization then, … way to put it is that while there is something to be said for the standardization point made earlier, generally, standardization is overdone. n62

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: Semis | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: Fahey, Randall, Hampton

The affirmative’s discourse is grounded in flawed methodology—their claims to understand China’s actions are inaccurate inevitably create China as a threat. Pan 04:

Chengzin, dept of political science and IR @ Australian National University. "The "China Threat" in American Self-Imagination: The Discursive Construction of Other as Power Politics" 2004.

Having examined how the "China threat" … "other" is perhaps not surprising. 

Portraying China as a threat makes war more likely – critical questioning is a prerequisite to forging the possibility of peaceful coexistence. Vote negative to reject the concept of a “China threat” and China security representations—it’s a prerequisite to discussing the aff. Pan 04:

Chengzin, dept of political science and IR @ Australian National University. "The "China Threat" in American Self-Imagination: The Discursive Construction of Other as Power Politics" 2004.

I have argued above that … and debating China might become possible.

Representations must precede policy discussion. Crawford 02:

Neta Crawford 2,PhD MA MIT, BA Brown, Prof. of poli sci at boston univ.   Argument and Change in World Politics, 2002 p. 19-21

Coherent arguments are unlikely to … Hence framing is a meta-argument.

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Holy Cross RS | Judge: Bietz, Melin

Speaking on behalf of others only relegates them to further oppression – the oppressed only. Alcoff 92:

(Linda Martín Alcoff (Dept of Philo, Syracuse University) “The Problem with Speaking for Others” Cultural Critique (Winter 91-92))

Feminist discourse is not the … features of anthropological discursive practice. 

The study and the advocacy of the oppressed must come from them – this link turns the aff. Alcoff II:

(Linda Martín Alcoff (Dept of Philo, Syracuse University) “The Problem with Speaking for Others” Cultural Critique (Winter 91-92))

The recognition that there is … further in the next section. 

Vote negative to reject the act of speaking for others.

Tournament: Harvard | Round: 5 | Opponent: Millburn AJ | Judge: Castillo

Our performance matters just as much as our substance – when you vote aff, you endorse their performance just as much as you endorse their case. Thus the ballot must hold debaters accountable for an oppressive performance as a necessary pre-requisite to evaluating the debate. Vincent 13:

Christopher, debate coach, former college NDT debater. “Re-Conceptualizing Our Performances: Accountability In Lincoln Douglas Debate” 2013. SA-IB

Again for debaters of color, their performance is …potential this community could have.

I advocate the entirety of the affirmative except for the preemptive spikes. Permutations sever out of their performance, which is just as much a part of voting aff as their advocacy. Net benefits:

1 – spikes perpetuate ableism. Thompson 15:

Marshall, the better lab leader. “Miscellaneous Thoughts From the Disorganized Mind of Marshall Thompson.” NSD Update. April 21, 2015. http://nsdupdate.com/2015/04/21/miscellaneous-thoughts-from-the-disorganized-mind-of-marshall-thompson/

First, I think that evaluating who is the … manifest is often difficult to track).

2 – spikes harm academic integrity – the impact outweighs. Torson 13:

Adam, debated for Fargo South, graduate of the University of Minnesota and was director of debate at Hopkins HS for 2004 to 2009. “Debate and the Virtue of Intellectual Integrity by Adam Torson” Vbriefly. March 25, 2013. http://vbriefly.com/2013/03/25/20133debate-and-the-virtue-of-intellectual-integrity-by-adam-torson/ SA-IB

Intellectual integrity denotes a commitment … resembles the realistic justification of arguments. 

3 – their model of argumentation makes debaters jump through hoops to talk about issues of oppression. Smith 13:

Elijah Smith, A Conversation in Ruins: Race and Black Participation in Lincoln Douglas Debate, Vbriefly, 2013. SA-IB

It will be uncomfortable, it will be hard, and it … that conversation of its connection to a reality that black students cannot escape.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Woodlands College Park JZ | Judge: Vincent

Do not separate their ethic from its history – ethics must be based in empirical reality and we cannot ignore the racist history of the government – doing so allows for massive oppression. Curry 13:

Dr. Tommy J. (2013) Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Texas AandM, "In the Fiat of Dreams: The Delusional Allure of Hope, the Reality of Anti-Black Violence and the Demands of the Anti-Ethical", 2013. AK

To seriously grasp the reality … apologetics of our tyrannical epoch.

The affirmative’s call for the government to protect us and prevent unnecessary death results in securitization and violence towards the Other. Derian 93:

(James, “The value of security: Hobbes, Marx, Nietzsche, and Baudrillard,” in The Political Subject of Violence, pp. 102-105)

The desire for security is … a series of rhetorical questions:

The concept of utilitarianism has always been anti-black and fails to make considerations of the black community relevant. Baker 08:

Houston A. “Betrayal: How Black intellectuals have abandoned the ideals of the Civil rights era.” Columbia University Press, 2010. pg.64-65 Distinguished university professor at Vanderbilt University 2008 AK

If the aim of the … conditioned neoconservative thought in America.

Vote neg—endorsing oppressive discourse, or their oppressive method, independently is a reason to reject their performance—the judge should be an educator, and this is a teachable moment. Vincent 13:

Vincent: ‘13, Christopher (2013) “Re-Conceptualizing Our Performances: Accountability In Lincoln Douglas Debate”  Debate Coach, former college NDT debater AK

Again for debaters of color, their … potential this community could have.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Reagan DM | Judge: Emerson

The aff’s narrative is grounded in injuries of the past with no guide for the future - this reinscribes exclusion and foreclosures social justice. Bhambra 10:

Bhambra 10—U Warwick—AND—Victoria Margree—School of Humanities, U Brighton (Identity Politics and the Need for a ‘Tomorrow’, http://www.academia.edu/471824/Identity_Politics_and_the_Need_for_a_Tomorrow_)

The Reification of Identity We … attention to past-based grievances.

The aff is IDENTITY but not POLITICS - failure to envision a future in which their identity claims will no longer be needed results in a reactionary politics that entrenches the status quo. Bhambra 10:

Bhambra 10—U Warwick—AND—Victoria Margree—School of Humanities, U Brighton (Identity Politics and the Need for a ‘Tomorrow’, http://www.academia.edu/471824/Identity_Politics_and_the_Need_for_a_Tomorrow_)

The quotation with which this … knowledge by Lynn Hankinson Nelson.

The resolution should be treated as an epistemological community in which identity is CONTINGENT and used to GUIDE POLITICAL ACTION-~--their failure to reflect on the topic beyond their perspectives shuts down dialogue and social change. Bhambra 10:

Bhambra 10—U Warwick—AND—Victoria Margree—School of Humanities, U Brighton (Identity Politics and the Need for a ‘Tomorrow’, http://www.academia.edu/471824/Identity_Politics_and_the_Need_for_a_Tomorrow_)

We suggest that alternative models … real actions, practices and projects.

Tournament: Valley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Evanston GH | Judge: Carlson

Interpretation: The affirmative must defend implementation of the resolution and may only garner offense from hypothetical enactment of the resolution. The interpretation doesn’t require any specific form of evidence or type of style – only that we debate the resolution.

Resolved’ denotes a proposal to be enacted by law. Words and Phrases 64:

Words and Phrases 64 Permanent Edition 

Definition of the word “resolve,” ... meaning “to establish by law”.  

Country is defined as a government. Oxford:

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/country

a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.

Violation:

Standards:

1 Limits – by not defending the topic they explode the number of affs to an infinite number – broad topics and non-existence limits turn their solvency arguments and scholarship impacts. Rowland 84:

(Robert C., Baylor U., “Topic Selection in Debate”, American Forensics in Perspective. Ed. Parson, p. 53-4)

The first major problem identified by … schools to cancel their programs. 

2 Stable Advocacy and Engagement – debate requires a specific point of difference to be successful – an argument like “racism bad,” while true, misses the point of debate and turns solvency for case. Steinberg and Freeley 13:

David, Lecturer in Communication studies and rhetoric. Advisor to Miami Urban Debate League. Director of Debate at U Miami, Former President of CEDA. And Austin, attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, JD, Suffolk University, Argumentation and Debate, Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, 121-4

Debate is a means of settling … be outlined in the following discussion.

Topical version of the aff solves all of their offense –

T is a voter.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: Octas | Opponent: Cabot BG | Judge: Coffman, Walts, Thomas

The plan says united states – that’s meaningless.

FGF 09: Family Guardian Fellowship; nonprofit religious ministry to protect people from extortion, persecution, and exploitation; “An Investigation Into the Meaning of the Term ‘United States’”; http:famguardian.org/subjects/Taxes/ChallJurisdiction/Definitions/freemaninvestigation.htm

Note that the Canal Zone is not a federal State, Territory ... basically, the whole country. Such as in 215b(2) Definitions:

Vote neg - a) Presumption, the aff has a burden to move away from the status quo, but the aff doesn’t do anything. This is independent of reasons to presume neg because the aff didn’t meet its burden. b) means you aren’t topical because nothing happens c) Plan vagueness ensures bad policy—bad for education—it’s a voter—precludes role of the ballot because there’s no way to know the effect that the plan would have in the real world.

Galles 09: (Gary, Professor of Economics at Pepperdine, “Vagueness as a Political Strategy,” March 2, http://blog.mises.org/archives/author/gary_galles/)

The problem with such vagueness is that any … ensures bad policy, if Americans' welfare is the criterion.

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Mountain View VP | Judge: Lonam, Clemens

The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.

Util is the only moral system available to policy-makers. Goodin 90

Robert Goodin, fellow in philosophy, Australian National Defense University, THE UTILITARIAN RESPONSE, 1990, p. 141-2

My larger argument turns on … use it at all – to chose general rules or conduct.

Tournament: Harvard | Round: 5 | Opponent: Millburn AJ | Judge: Castillo

Blackness is constructed in opposition to civil society – violence against blackness is gratuitous and the use of legal systems perpetuates the structural antagonism between blackness and the world. Warren 13:

Calvin, assistant professor of American studies, research centers around the intersection of contemporary continental theory (semiotics, deconstruction, postmodernism, and psychoanalysis), Afro-pessimism, Ethics, and African American History. He has held a fellowship at the University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee (Africology) and received research support from The Ford Foundation, The Mellon Foundation, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and a faculty grant from George Washington University. “Onticide: Toward an Afro-pessimistic Queer Theory" American Studies Association Annual Meeting. November 21, 2013. 

We could suggest that the term “black queer” dramatizes … as it sustains the very field of existence.

Structures of anti blackness are sustained by cultural representations and analysis of blackness. Scott 14:

Darieck, Professor of African Diaspora Studies at Cal Berkeley University 2010; “Extravagant Abjection: Blackness, Power, and Sexuality in the African American Literary Imagination” 

The figure of the Negro, Fanon … past as future anterior under and over a future as past posterior. 

1 – their strict adherence to legal norms justifies the war on drugs, Korematsu, and civil forfeiture – the law is shaped by white elites and the Koch brother’s money, thus normative appeals to it are shrouded in whiteness – their framework makes rich white conservative assholes our moral authorities

2 – their philosophy is a view from nowhere that brackets off discussion of Antiblackness. Yancy 05:

George, associate professor of philosophy. “Whiteness and the Return of the Black Body” The Journal of Speculative Philosophy. 2005.

I write out of a personal … becomes something alien to me?

Vote negative to orient ourselves towards the end of the world – this begins with a destruction of antiblack value systems. The alternative refuses to breath life into value systems that perpetuate social death in order to open ourselves to critique. Cacho 12:

Lisa Marie, Associate Professor of English, Asian American Studies, Latina/Latino Studies, and Gender and Women's Studies, Winner of the John Hope Frankling Book Prize, has a BA Ethnic Studies, University of California, San Diego, 1996, BA Literature/Writing, University of California, San Diego, 1996, MA Ethnic Studies, University of Califronia, San Diego, 1998, and a PhD Ethnic Studies, University of California, San Diego, 2002. “Social Death: Racialized Rightlessness and the Criminalization of the Unprotected” 2012. SA-IB

Indeed, as an explicitly comparative race project, my … difference between surviving and living.

The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who best combats antiblack violence. You should prioritize impacts you can control with your ballot – means fighting privilege in-round comes first.

Tournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 1 | Opponent: Law Magnet MG | Judge: Castillo

Counterplan Text: Public colleges ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech except for revenge pornography, which they ought to restrict as a form of sexual harassment. It’s conditional.

RP is constitutionally protected speech. Humbach 14:

John, professor at Pace University, practiced corporate/securities law for five years on Wall Street before entering law teaching in 1971. Most of his teaching experience before coming to Pace in 1977 was at Fordham Law School, but he also taught at Brooklyn Law School and as a visiting professor at the University of Illinois and the University of Hawaii. He has authored a number of articles in the areas of property law and professional responsibility, as well as computer-assisted instruction programs for first-year property students. “The Constitution and Revenge Porn” Pace University School of Law. Pace Law Review, Volume 35, Issue 1, Fall 2014. SA-IB 

Unfortunately, these two key prohibitions of ... ways that are constitutionally permissible at all. 

Revenge porn on campuses is specifically problematic –  it encourages suicide and destroys people’s futures. Abdul-Alim 16:

Jamaal, a freelance journalist and a Washington correspondent for Diverse Issues in Higher Education. His articles have appeared in Education Week, Washington Monthly, and U.S. News and World Report. Abdul-Alim plans to explore the impact of various efforts to hold teacher preparation programs more accountable for student achievement. “Colleges may get Help Fighting ‘Revenge Porn’” October 03, 2016. Diverse, Issues in Higher Education.  http://diverseeducation.com/article/87594/ SA-IB

Similar things have happened at colleges and universities in recent years.For example, Tyler Clementi ... Kappa Delta Rho fraternity because of apparent lack of intent.

Tournament: Barkley Forum | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake IP | Judge: Brundage

CP: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought to only restrict constitutionally protected journalist speech in order to establish survivor-based control over information about sexual harassment cases released by school newspapers. Tyler-March 16:

Mary, reporter at the Student Press Law Center, an advocate for student First Amendment rights, for freedom of online speech, and for open government on campus. The SPLC provides information, training and legal assistance at no charge to student journalists and the educators who work with them. "University of Kentucky victims seek to join lawsuit against student newspaper" November 17, 2016. http://www.splc.org/article/2016/11/university-of-kentucky-victims-seek-to-join-lawsuit-against-student-newspaper SA-IB

KENTUCKY—Two of the … always been what is at stake in this litigation."

It competes because it places a restriction on what newspapers can report – newspapers have free speech to report sexual assault right now and the ability to set their own policy on sexual assault reporting and the CP has colleges enforce a survivor based control policy on student newspapers.

Survivor based control is key – journalists should not identify names in cases of sexual assault nor should they report details that could lead to the survivor’s identity being discovered unless the survivor says so. Doing otherwise can lead to massive public shame and backlash. NAESV 17:

National Alliance to End Sexual Violence. "Naming Victims in the Media" 2017. http://endsexualviolence.org/where-we-stand/naming-victims-in-the-media SA-IB

Some people argue that journalists …with sensitivity toward the stigma associated with being publicly named.

They specifically don’t get a perm because their AFF author, Frank Lomonte, says that student newspapers should have the freedom to report whatever they want about sexual assault under free speech. The newspaper case the CP is based on, the Kentucky Kernel, is uncontestably a free speech issue. Saul 16:

Stephanie, winner of the 1995 Pulitzer Prize and 2010 Society of Professional Journalists Award for Science Reporting, a University of Mississippi graduate, investigative reporter for the New York Times since 2008, investigations focus on science and technology issues in various fields, including those related to pharmaceuticals, psychology, health and fertility innovations. "Campus Press vs. Colleges: Kentucky Suit Highlights Free-Speech Fight" December 02, 2016. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/02/us/kentucky-student-journalism-free-speech.html SA-IB

Campus Press vs. Colleges: Kentucky Suit …to fend off funding cuts that students believe were in retaliation for controversial articles.

Tournament: Harvard | Round: 4 | Opponent: Dulles AW | Judge: Antigua

CP: Public colleges and universities ought not restrict any speech by removing all regulations on protests for people of color.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: 4 | Opponent: Niceville DC | Judge: Kueffner

Qualified immunity adequately balances state power – it protects states from uses of section 1983 claims to encroach on states rights and laws – immunity returns power to state courts.

Putnam 92: Charles, office of the New Hampshire Attorney General. “Defending a Maligned Defense: The Policy Bases of the Qualified Immunity Defense in Actions Under 42 U.S.C. § 1983” Bridgeport Law Review. 1992. https://www.pdffiller.com/en/project/84783654.htm?f_hash=6c2e00andreload=true SA-IB

To place this analysis in perspective, the authors first review ... without the benefit of express statutory or constitutional mandate.

Plan overturns a delicate balance between state courts and federal ones – specifically police and court power are key – especially to public health law and the medical system – this card is fire.

Hodge 98: James, professor of Public Health Law and Ethics at Arizona State University. “The Role of New Federalism and Public Health Law” Journal of Law and Health. 1998.

Because of the intersection of federal and state powers in the field of public health ... concern the lives, liberties, and properties of the people.

Lack of detection and health infrastructure makes disease spread likely – and US infrastructure spills over.

Schermerhorn 14: Jordan, global health and Middle East at Duke University, a 2015 Master of Science in Global Health graduate. “Bioterrorism is Already Here” April 29, 2014. 

The fact that our “global health security agenda ...  depends on it, but polio in Syria does not provide an encouraging model.

Solves ethnic conflict.

Bhattarai 11: Keshav, professor of geography at University of Central Missouri. MY REPUBLICA. Oct 16, 2011. Retrieved Apr. 25, 2014 from Lexis/Nexis.

While numerous forms of federalism exist, no two forms are identical ... among numerous and diverse groups of citizens.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cedar Park MT | Judge: M Koshak

Indemnification is a guarantee with the aff – it tanks city budgets – Ferguson proves.

Prall 14: Derek, professional journalist who has held numerous positions with a variety of print and online publications including the New Jersey Herald. He is a 2008 graduate of Furman University holding bachelor's degrees in both English Literature and Communications Studies. “Who Pays for Police Misconduct” Dec 10, 2014. American City and County. http://americancityandcounty.com/law-enforcement/who-pays-police-misconduct SA-IB

Cases like those of Michael Brown and Eric Garner ... for their actions would be a step in the right direction.

The link is a double bind – the more solvency they win, the more of the disad I win. They have to win that people win cases to get solvency, and as a result more indemnification occurs.

The impact is policing – losing budget means departments ramp up ticketing – Buffalo proves. Ticketing also targets the poor and force them into prison and causes more misdemeanor cases, independently turns and outweighs the case.

Agorist 16: Matt, honorable discharged veteran of the USMC and former intelligence operator directly tasked by the NSA. This prior experience gives him unique insight into the world of government corruption and the American police state. Agorist has been an independent journalist for over a decade and has been featured on mainstream networks around the world. “City Strapped for Cash Sends Cops Out to Rob Poor People by Issuing 30,000 Tickets in Only 6 Month” February 10, 2016. Free Thought Project. http://thefreethoughtproject.com/city-strapped-cash-sends-cops-rob-poor-people-issuing-thousands-extra-tickets/ SA-IB

Buffalo, NY — Last year, Buffalo police pulled over ... because the city is trying to boost revenue.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cedar Park MT | Judge: M Koshak

Courts require litigants to adhere to unique facts of cases right now.

Baird and Jacobi 09: Vanessa Baird, professor of political science at UC-Boulder. Tonja, professor of law at Northwestern. “HOW THE DISSENT BECOMES THE MAJORITY: USING FEDERALISM TO TRANSFORM COALITIONS IN THE U.S. SUPREME COURT” November 2009. Duke L.J.

But why do Justices need to signal for cases in the future? If the Justices ... previously unsympathetic colleagues to join them in their opinion. 

The affirmative takes court action without a test case – wrecks court legitimacy, judges get to manipulate outcomes and create issues out of thin air.

Epstein 98: Lee, professor of political science and professor of law at Washington University. “The Choices Justices Make” p160-161.

This story suggests that a particular version of the sua sponte doctrine ... on the soul of the adversarial system.

Crushes due process, turns case.

Milani 02: Adam Milani, assistant professor at Mercer University School of Law. Michael Smith, associate professor at Mercer University School fo Law. “PLAYING GOD: A CRITICAL LOOK AT SUA SPONTE DECISIONS BY APPELLATE COURTS” Tennessee Law Review. Volume 69. 2002. SA-IB

The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments ... however, provides insight into this question.

Nuclear war – failure to check military, especially likely with Herr Trump.

Kellman 89: Barry, professor of law at DePaul University. “JUDICIAL ABDICATION OF MILITARY TORT ACCOUNTABILITY: BUT WHO IS TO GUARD THE GUARDS THEMSELVES?”” December 1989. Duke L.J. 

In this era of thermonuclear weapons, America ... mushroom cloud of thermonuclear holocaust

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: 4 | Opponent: Niceville DC | Judge: Kueffner

Blackness is constructed in opposition to the political – embrace of a social praxis is key. Rather than attempt to recover from political death, blackness should be embraced as nothingness, which is key to social life.

Moten 13: Fred, professor at UC Riverside Department of English, author of In the Break: The Aesthetics of the Black Radical Tradition (University of Minnesota Press), recognized as one of ten “New American Poets” by the Poetry Society of America, Visiting Scholar and Artist-in-Residence at Pratt Institute, was Whitney J. Oates Fellow in the Humanities Council and the Center for African American Studies at Princeton University, served as a member of the Board of Managing Editors of American Quarterly. “Blackness and Nothingness (Mysticism in the Flesh)” The South Atlantic Quarterly. Fall 2013. SA-IB

Over the course of this essay, we’ll have occasion to consider what that means, by ...  in any case, where and what blackness chooses to stay. 

Police accountability rhetoric is uniquely problematic; it presupposes the legitimacy of police – the state can easily counter your accountability mechanism because it is framed in a way where the state still has power.

Hotchkin 15: Joshua Scott, contributor at CopBlock, a website based on reporting and exposing violent police conduct. “Accountability is Futile – Abolish the Police” November 12, 2015. http://www.copblock.org/146778/abolish-the-police/ SA-IB

Accountability is futile. There really could be nothing so simple to understand ... meet its own requirements. It will always come back to this.

The 1AC’s minor reform becomes co-opted to expand the system, as opposed to curtail it. Rhetoric of public safety and short term solutions are seized upon to justify the increase of systems of violence.

Shaylor and Chandler 05: Cassandra Shaylor, co-founder and former co-director of Justice Now and a co-founder of Critical Resistance. Cynthia Chandler, Co-Founder and Executive Director of Justice Now, ad junct professor at Golden Gate University School of Law. “Reform and Abolition: Points of Tension and Connection” Public Eye - Defending Justice. 2005. SA-IB 

Most activists in prison and their allies outside want to reduce ... step toward eliminating the prison as a central feature of contemporary life

Vote negative to celebrate culture and the social as a starting point for deconstructing reliance on legalistic structures.

Moten 13: Fred, professor at UC Riverside Department of English, author of In the Break: The Aesthetics of the Black Radical Tradition (University of Minnesota Press), recognized as one of ten “New American Poets” by the Poetry Society of America, Visiting Scholar and Artist-in-Residence at Pratt Institute, was Whitney J. Oates Fellow in the Humanities Council and the Center for African American Studies at Princeton University, served as a member of the Board of Managing Editors of American Quarterly. “Blackness and Nothingness (Mysticism in the Flesh)” The South Atlantic Quarterly. Fall 2013. SA-IB

This question of the location and position ... beautiful phrase of Wilderson’s (2010: xi)—fantasy in the hold.

Role of the ballot is to endorse the best liberation strategy for the oppressed. Epistemology comes first – our education spaces must be the first to fight.

Farley 05: Anthony Paul Farley. “Perfecting Slavery.” Loyola University Chicago Law Journal, Volume 36 2005. Pps. 112-115 SA-IB

We who have slavery with us still are made up of memory and forgetting ... weapons for refusing to make his peace with it and for destroying it depends on what he decides he is worth.

Tournament: Isidore Newman | Round: 6 | Opponent: Cedar Park MT | Judge: M Koshak

Text: On its next appropriate test case, the United States Supreme Court ought to remove qualified immunity for nominal damage suits and mandate that nominal damage suits be used for litigation against police officers. It’s mutually exclusive – aff uses civil suits with recompense. Solves the aff entirely –

Pfander 11: James, the Owen L. Coon Professor of Law at the Northwestern Pritzker School of Law, teaches civil procedure, conflicts of law, federal jurisdiction, and constitutional law. A member of the American Law Institute, Pfander has served as chair of the procedure and jurisdiction sections of the Association of American Law Schools. He has published dozens of scholarly articles and essays in such journals as the Harvard Law Review, the Yale Law Journal, and the Columbia Law Review. “RESOLVING THE QUALIFIED IMMUNITY DILEMMA: CONSTITUTIONAL TORT CLAIMS FOR NOMINAL DAMAGES” Faculty Working Papers, Northwestern University School of Law. 2011. SA-IB

Applying the principles in these leading cases, ... dollar. The next part addresses these concerns.

This allows constitutional vindication and deterrence – only that prevents court backlash and maximizes the clarity of tort law.

Pfander 11: James, the Owen L. Coon Professor of Law at the Northwestern Pritzker School of Law, teaches civil procedure, conflicts of law, federal jurisdiction, and constitutional law. A member of the American Law Institute, Pfander has served as chair of the procedure and jurisdiction sections of the Association of American Law Schools. He has published dozens of scholarly articles and essays in such journals as the Harvard Law Review, the Yale Law Journal, and the Columbia Law Review. “RESOLVING THE QUALIFIED IMMUNITY DILEMMA: CONSTITUTIONAL TORT CLAIMS FOR NOMINAL DAMAGES” Faculty Working Papers, Northwestern University School of Law. 2011. SA-IB

Building on these early foundations, this essay proposes ... the norms in question can be regarded as clearly established.

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: Wright, Arthur

Counterplan Text: Countries should shift all floating nuclear reactors to small modular reactors. The United States should use SMRs for mission critical military installations. Mutually exclusive – plan bans floating nuclear power – we allow it in the form of SMRs.

Floating SMRs are safe. Chandler 14:

(David L. Chandler, MIT News Office, The paper was co-authored by NSE students Angelo Briccetti, Jake Jurewicz, and Vincent Kindfuller; Michael Corradini of the University of Wisconsin; and Daniel Fadel, Ganesh Srinivasan, Ryan Hannink, and Alan Crowle of Chicago Bridge and Iron, based in Canton, Mass, The MIT Energy Initiative (MITei) is MIT's hub for research, education, campus energy management and outreach programs that cover all areas of energy supply and demand, security, and environmental impact, “Floating Nuclear Plants Could Ride Out Tsunamis”, http://theenergycollective.com/energyatmit/369266/floating-nuclear-plants-could-ride-out-tsunamis, April 17, 2014)

When an earthquake and tsunami … and the answers are realistic.”

SMRs avoid the downsides of nuclear energy. Ringle 10:

John, professor of nuclear engineering at Oregon State University. “Reintroduction of Reactors in US a major win” Nov 13, 2010. robertmayer.wordpress.com/2010/11/21/reintroduction-of-reactors-in-us-a-major-win/ SA-IB

Small nuclear reactors will probably … a loss-of-coolant accident could occur.

Energy for desalination is key to prevent billions from dying. Beller 04:
Dr. Denis E, Beller, 2004 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, "Atomic Time Machines: Back to the Nuclear Future," 24 J. Land Resources and Envtl. L. 41

Our global neighbors need much … increased just 27 percent.10

Only SMRs solve water wars. Pfeffer and Macon 02:
Robert, physical scientist at the Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency who’s working on nuclear weapons effects, a graduate of Trinity University and has a master’s degree in physics from Johns Hopkins. William, project manager at NRC. “Nuclear Power: An Option for the Army’s Future” Jan 16, 2002 last modified. www.almc.army.mil/alog/issues/SepOct01/MS684.htm

The idea of using nuclear … to play a significant role.

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Dulles AW | Judge: Fahey, Bietz, Hampton

Counterplan Text: The United States federal government ought to
1 shift to thorium fueled molten salt reactors.
2 use floating nuclear power plants.
3 dispose of waste in the ocean sub seabed.

Thorium fueled reactors solve radiation, safety, and waste. This card ENDS the debate. Petersen et al 13:

Walter Petersen, PhD in Hydrology and Meteorology, works at NASA. Jordan Ott, lead researcher @ Sensors, Energy, and Automation laboratory, Electrical Engineering @ U Wash. Garrison Burger, Mechanical Engineer at Spaceflight Industries. Vibinash Thomas, Electricial Engineer @ Electroimpact, Embedded Computing expert, awarded the Higgs Osborn prize of U Wash dept of physics. Jim Coy, U Wash nanodevice lab. Andrew Countryman, senior in Mechanical Engineering specializing in Mechatronics. “The Thorium Transition” grant proposal for the Department of Energy. Feb 26, 2013. SA-IB

All of the aforementioned problems … opposed to a uranium reactor 18.

Thorium nuclear reactors can float and floating nuclear power is viable. Conca 16:

James, scientist in the field of the earth and environmental sciences for 33 years, specializing in geologic disposal of nuclear waste, energy-related research, planetary surface processes, radiobiology and shielding for space colonies, subsurface transport and environmental clean-up of heavy metals. Trustee of the Herbert M. Parker Foundation and consult on strategic planning for the DOE, EPA/State environmental agencies. Consults for EPA/State environmental agencies and industry on clean-up of heavy metals from soil and water. Member of Sierra Club, Greenpeace, the NRDC, the Environmental Defense Fund and many others, as well as professional societies including the America Nuclear Society, the American Chemical Society, the Geological Society of America and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists. “China Plans A Floating Nuclear Power Plant” Jan 18, 2016. http://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2016/01/18/china-builds-a-floating-nuclear-power-plant/#4a2501c254ac SA-IB

China is working on a … and large light water reactors.

Sub seabed disposal solves the aff. Wilson 14

Wilson, exec editor of environmental building news. “Safe Storage of Nuclear Waste” www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/blogs/dept/energy-solutions/safe-storage-nuclear-waste

The big question now is … would be far less expensive.

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 7 | Opponent: Greenhill SK | Judge: Hertzig, Hamilton

The United States federal government ought to only allow disposal of waste in the sub-seabed. Solves the aff. Wilson 14.

Wilson, exec editor of environmental building news. “Safe Storage of Nuclear Waste” www.greenbuildingadvisor.com/blogs/dept/energy-solutions/safe-storage-nuclear-waste

The big question now is … would be far less expensive.

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake CE | Judge: Paramo, Dosch

Counterplan Text: Countries should only use 1. small modular reactors for mission critical military installations. 2. thorium fueled molten salt reactors.

SMRs avoid downsides of nuclear energy. Ringle 10:

John, professor of nuclear engineering at Oregon State University. “Reintroduction of Reactors in US a major win” Nov 13, 2010. robertmayer.wordpress.com/2010/11/21/reintroduction-of-reactors-in-us-a-major-win/ SA-IB

Small nuclear reactors will probably … a loss-of-coolant accident could occur.

Thorium reactors are the perfect solution – solve prolif, waste, and meltdown. This card ENDS the debate. Petersen et al 13:

Walter Petersen, PhD in Hydrology and Meteorology, works at NASA. Jordan Ott, lead researcher @ Sensors, Energy, and Automation laboratory, Electrical Engineering @ U Wash. Garrison Burger, Mechanical Engineer at Spaceflight Industries. Vibinash Thomas, Electricial Engineer @ Electroimpact, Embedded Computing expert, awarded the Higgs Osborn prize of U Wash dept of physics. Jim Coy, U Wash nanodevice lab. Andrew Countryman, senior in Mechanical Engineering specializing in Mechatronics. “The Thorium Transition” grant proposal for the Department of Energy. Feb 26, 2013. SA-IB

All of the aforementioned problems …opposed to a uranium reactor 18.

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Dulles AW | Judge: Fahey, Bietz, Hampton

Desalination key to prevent billions from dying from structural violence. Beller 04:

Dr. Denis E, Beller, 2004 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, "Atomic Time Machines: Back to the Nuclear Future," 24 J. Land Resources and Envtl. L. 41

Our global neighbors need much … total energy use increased just 27 percent.10

Only nuclear reactors can solve – solves water shortages and help with disaster relief. Pfeffer and Macon 02:

Robert, physical scientist at the Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency who’s working on nuclear weapons effects, a graduate of Trinity University and has a master’s degree in physics from Johns Hopkins. William, project manager at NRC. “Nuclear Power: An Option for the Army’s Future” Jan 16, 2002 last modified. www.almc.army.mil/alog/issues/SepOct01/MS684.htm

The idea of using nuclear … to play a significant role

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Mountain View VP | Judge: Lonam, Clemens

Clinton wins now but Trump can still pull this off. Silver 8/28:

(Nate, Founder and Editor in Chief of www.fivethirteight.com, a news and statistical analysis site with an emphasis on politics.  Silver’s statistical models successfully predicted all 50 state results in the 2012 election and 49 of 50 in 2008.  He is the man.  “Election Update: It’s Too Soon For Clinton to Run Out the Clock”, http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/election-update-its-too-soon-for-clinton-to-run-out-the-clock/, last accessed August 31)

But Clinton shouldn’t get too … off 21 percent earlier this month.

Nuclear power is popular – bets polls. Riffkin 15:

Gallup, Inc., 3-30-15, "U.S. Support for Nuclear Energy at 51," Gallup, http://www.gallup.com/poll/182180/support-nuclear-energy.aspx

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- A slim majority … took place shortly after polling in 2011.

Plan flips election – any loss of Obama’s popularity kills it for the dems. Needham 16:

Vicki, The Hill, 1/21, “Moody’s model gives Dem candidate advantage in 2016,” http://thehill.com/policy/finance/266668-moodys-model-gives-dem-candidate-advantage-in-2016)

The Democratic presidential nominee will … election, favoring the challenger party

And, nuclear energy would become the key spinning factor for Republicans because of Clinton’s lack of support and Obama’s current policy – Republicans will pit nuclear power policy against Clinton regardless of her actual policy. Siciliano 1/10

John Siciliano, 1-10-2016, "The 2016 politics of nuclear energy," Washington Examiner, http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/the-2016-politics-of-nuclear-energy/article/2579855

The presidential election may offer … said the commission has been "eeking" along.

Trump win causes cascading nuclear proliferation – impact is irreversible. Feith 16.

Douglas, Hudson Institute senior fellow, “Trump, america's word, and the bomb” National Review – March 14 -- www.nationalreview.com/article/432746/donald-trump-nukes-his-recklessness-would-increase-nuclear-threats

The Obama-Clinton team originally promised … , the harm would probably be irreversible.

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake CE | Judge: Paramo, Dosch

India-Russia relations are high now – recent state visit looking promising. Kumar 16:

Sumit, ICSSR Doctoral Fellow at the UGC Centre for Southern Asia Studies, Pondicherry University. “New Momentum for India-Russia Relations?” Jan 03, 2016. http://thediplomat.com/2016/01/new-momentum-for-india-russia-relations/ SA-IB

In late December, … would be manufactured in India.

Maintaining nuclear power is key to India-Russia relations. Sajjanhar 8/29:

Ashok, secretary for National Foundation of Communal Harmony. “Why India-Russia are an ideal match for each other” August 29, 2016. http://www.dailyo.in/politics/russia-vladimir-putin-g-20-dmitry-rogozin-china-arms-ammunition-brahmos-rosatom-syria-isis/story/1/12631.html SA-IB

Nuclear energy has emerged as … in Russia's oil and gas sector.

Strong relations key to stability in the region. Sajjanhar 8/29:

Ashok, secretary for National Foundation of Communal Harmony. “Why India-Russia are an ideal match for each other” August 29, 2016. http://www.dailyo.in/politics/russia-vladimir-putin-g-20-dmitry-rogozin-china-arms-ammunition-brahmos-rosatom-syria-isis/story/1/12631.html SA-IB

Regional countries need to collaborate … as well as the region. 

Afghan stability key to Pakistan stability – any destabilization risks South Asian nuclear war. Kenny 16

Colonel Stuart Kenny graduated from the Royal Military College, Duntroon in 1991. Colonel Kenny is a graduate of the UK’s Joint Services Command and Staff College 2003/04. He attended the Defence and Strategic Studies Course at the Centre for Defence and Strategic Studies Course at the Australian Defence College, graduating with a Master of Arts (Strategic Studies) from Deakin University. (Suart, Australian Defense College April 2016 “Instability in Afghanistan: Why Afghanistan matters and what Australia can do to address the causes of instability” http://www.defence.gov.au/ADC/Publications/IndoPac/Kenny20Afghanistan20IPSP.pdf) eb

The direct influence of Afghanistan’s … resources and markets in Central Asia.36

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: Wright, Arthur

US development of floating nuclear power critical to military readiness- prevents energy shocks, cost overruns, and supply chain restrictions. Pfeffer and Macon 01:

(Robert A. Pfeffer is a physical scientist at the Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency in Springfield, Virginia, working on nuclear weapons effects. He is a graduate of Trinity University and has a master's degree in physics from The Johns Hopkins University. Previous Government experience includes Chief of the Electromagnetic Laboratory at Harry Diamond Laboratories (HDL) in Adelphi, Maryland, and Chief of the HDL Woodbridge Research Facility in Virginia; William A. Macon, Jr., is a project manager at the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. He was formerly the acting Army Reactor Program Manager at the Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency. He is a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy and has a master's degree in nuclear engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. His military assignments included Assistant Brigade S4 in the 1st Armored Division, “Nuclear Power:  An Option for the Army's Future”, http://www.almc.army.mil/alog/issues/SepOct01/MS684.htm, September/October 2001)

The Army Transformation initiative of Chief … deployment to a combat zone.

Nuclear key to prevent grid collapse. Loudermilk 11:

(Micah J. Loudermilk, Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy and Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Nuclear Reactors: Enabling Energy Security for Warfighters”, March 27, 2011)

Last month, the Institute for … of reactors across the country. 

Hegemony good- multiple scenarios for global war. Brooks, Ikenberry, Wohlforth 13:

(Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College “Don’t Come Home America: The Case Against Retrenchment,” International Security, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Winter 2012/13), pp. 7–51)

A core premise of deep engagement … measures growing rather than shrinking. 85

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 3 | Opponent: Mountain View VP | Judge: Lonam, Clemens

Prohibiting nuclear power means coal replacement – Japan empirically proves – emissions are multiplied twenty times over. Baum 15:

Seth, executive director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (think tank) and researches the risk, ethics, and policy about major threats to the world. “Japan should restart more nuclear power plants” Oct 20, 2015. http://thebulletin.org/japan-should-restart-more-nuclear-power-plants8817 SA-IB

In August, a Japanese utility company …  option for Japan and for the world.

Warming causes mass violence and leads to extinction – natural disasters, sea levels, and food security. Sharp and Kennedy 14:

(Associate Professor Robert (Bob) A. Sharp is the UAE National Defense College Associate Dean for Academic Programs and College Quality Assurance Advisor. He previously served as Assistant Professor of Strategic Security Studies at the College of International Security Affairs (CISA) in the U.S. National Defense University (NDU), Washington D.C. and then as Associate Professor at the Near East South Asia (NESA) Center for Strategic Studies, collocated with NDU. Most recently at NESA, he focused on security sector reform in Yemen and Lebanon, and also supported regional security engagement events into Afghanistan, Turkey, Egypt, Palestine and Qatar; Edward Kennedy is a renewable energy and climate change specialist who has worked for the World Bank and the Spanish Electric Utility ENDESA on carbon policy and markets; 8/22/14, “Climate Change and Implications for National Security,” International Policy Digest, http://intpolicydigest.org/2014/08/22/climate-change-implications-national-security/)

Our planet is 4.5 billion years old… and political decisions; it will be hard to fix!

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley JM | Judge: Samorian, Damerdji

Prohibiting nuclear power means coal replacement – Japan empirically proves – emissions are multiplied twenty times over. Baum 15:

Seth, executive director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (think tank) and researches the risk, ethics, and policy about major threats to the world. “Japan should restart more nuclear power plants” Oct 20, 2015. http://thebulletin.org/japan-should-restart-more-nuclear-power-plants8817 SA-IB

In August, a Japanese utility company …  option for Japan and for the world.

Warming causes mass violence and leads to extinction – natural disasters, sea levels, and food security. Sharp and Kennedy 14:

(Associate Professor Robert (Bob) A. Sharp is the UAE National Defense College Associate Dean for Academic Programs and College Quality Assurance Advisor. He previously served as Assistant Professor of Strategic Security Studies at the College of International Security Affairs (CISA) in the U.S. National Defense University (NDU), Washington D.C. and then as Associate Professor at the Near East South Asia (NESA) Center for Strategic Studies, collocated with NDU. Most recently at NESA, he focused on security sector reform in Yemen and Lebanon, and also supported regional security engagement events into Afghanistan, Turkey, Egypt, Palestine and Qatar; Edward Kennedy is a renewable energy and climate change specialist who has worked for the World Bank and the Spanish Electric Utility ENDESA on carbon policy and markets; 8/22/14, “Climate Change and Implications for National Security,” International Policy Digest, http://intpolicydigest.org/2014/08/22/climate-change-implications-national-security/)

Our planet is 4.5 billion years old… and political decisions; it will be hard to fix!

Tournament: Greenhill RR | Round: 6 | Opponent: Holy Cross RS | Judge: Bietz, Melin

The 1AC’s essentialism about nuclear waste is white paternalism – it assumes Natives don’t know what’s happening – certain tribes want that industry. Gover and Walker 92:

Kevin, partner, Gover, Stetson and Williams, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico.Jana, Associate, Gover, Stetson and Willims, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico. “ESCAPING ENVIRONMENTAL PATERNALISM: ONE TRIBE'S APPROACH TO DEVELOPING A COMMERCIAL WASTE DISPOSAL PROJECT IN INDIAN COUNTRY” Jan 1992. SA-IB

We have been asked to … waste project on its reservation.

Trying to solve “environmental racism” assumes the Natives are too simple and ignorant to speak for themselves – it re-inscribes the very thought that led to the fifteenth century domination and eradication of the natives – turns the case. Gover and Walker 92:

KEVIN GOVER* AND JANA L. WALKER(Partner, Gover, Stetson and Williams, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico. and Associate, Gover, Stetson and Willims, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico).“ESCAPING ENVIRONMENTAL PATERNALISM: ONE TRIBE'S APPROACH TO DEVELOPING A COMMERCIAL WASTE DISPOSAL PROJECT IN INDIAN COUNTRY” WP

Tribes also have become the … many Parts Of this country.   

The alternative is that native nations decide for themselves if they want to ban nuclear power – the 1AC is media misinformation. Gover and Walker 92:

Kevin, partner, Gover, Stetson and Williams, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico.Jana, Associate, Gover, Stetson and Willims, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico. “Associate, Gover, Stetson and Willims, P.C., Albuquerque, New Mexico.” Jan 1992. SA-IB

Is it true? In our … will serve their best interests.

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley JM | Judge: Samorian, Damerdji

I negate and value morality. Moral rules and norms aren’t static – declaring something bad and moving on results in rules formed in bias. We must constantly inquire and innovate in order to update moral rules and norms. Anderson 14:

Elizabeth, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies at University of Michigan. “Dewey’s Moral Philosophy” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2014 Edition). SA-IB

Habits are socially shaped dispositions to particular ... enables habits to incorporate intelligence.

Being able to engage in experimentation is key to testing beliefs and solving problems that hurt us as a society – we shouldn’t foreclose a possible solution. Anderson II:

Elizabeth, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies at University of Michigan. “The Quest for Free Labor Pragmatism and Experiments in Emancipation” Amherst Lecture in Philosophy. 2014 SA-IB

Because individuals occupy different social positions, are affected ... ambitious ideal of what would solve it.

Thus the standard is consistency with pragmatic experimentation, meaning giving ourselves the ability to experiment, inquire, and innovate with means to solve our problems.

I contend we shouldn’t foreclose the possibility of experimentation with nuclear energy. We should instead innovate and improve production of nuclear power.

Nuclear energy is our only way forward – maintaining the ability for innovation is key. The affirmative overreacts – we need to develop safety and new measures, not foreclose the possibility. OECD 07:

Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, Nuclear Energy Agency. “Innovation in Nuclear Energy Technology” 2007 SA-IB

Considering the world energy prospects and related ... scientists and engineers and to retain them in the nuclear business.

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: Semis | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: Fahey, Randall, Hampton

Text

Counterplan Text: Countries except the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, India, and South Korea ought to prohibit the production of floating nuclear power. Those countries ought to use floating small modular reactors. The United States federal government ought to initiate power-purchase agreements of floating small modular reactors.

Floating SMRs are safe – Chandler 14:

(David L. Chandler, MIT News Office, The paper was co-authored by NSE students Angelo Briccetti, Jake Jurewicz, and Vincent Kindfuller; Michael Corradini of the University of Wisconsin; and Daniel Fadel, Ganesh Srinivasan, Ryan Hannink, and Alan Crowle of Chicago Bridge and Iron, based in Canton, Mass, The MIT Energy Initiative (MITei) is MIT's hub for research, education, campus energy management and outreach programs that cover all areas of energy supply and demand, security, and environmental impact, “Floating Nuclear Plants Could Ride Out Tsunamis”, http://theenergycollective.com/energyatmit/369266/floating-nuclear-plants-could-ride-out-tsunamis, April 17, 2014)

When an earthquake and tsunami … and the answers are realistic.”

Warming Adv:

United States involvement creates a massive export market for SMR’s, key to boosting the industry – latent nuclear capability ensures speed- significant reduction of emissions. Rosner 11:

(Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011)

As stated earlier, SMRs have … Russia, and, now rapidly emerging, China.

Floating SMRs solve warming – collapse of nuclear industry means warming inevitable. Licata 14:

(John Licata, John Licata is the Founder and Chief Energy Strategist of Blue Phoenix Inc, Motley Fool, “Can Small Modular Nuclear Reactors Find Their Sea Legs?”, http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2014/04/27/can-small-modular-nuclear-reactors-find-their-sea.aspx, April 27, 2014)

Nuclear power plants do bring … could simply get buried at sea.

Our tech is modeled globally – US action is a global demonstration. Traub 12:

James, fellow of the Centre on International Cooperation. He writes Terms of Engagement for Foreign Policy,” “Transforming the future lies in our hands,” http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/transforming-the-future-lies-in-our-hands-1.1118704, December 14, 2012

Despite President Barack Obama’s vow … He must, however, do the possible.

Water Adv:

Water shortages coming -~-- causes instability. AFP 12:

AFP 12, “World water crisis must be top UN priority: report”, Phys.org, September 11, 2012, http://phys.org/news/2012-09-world-crisis-priority.html

WASHINGTON — A rapidly worsening water … "even in politically stable regions."

Only nuclear reactors can solve – solves water wars and mission effectiveness. Pfeffer and Macon 02:

Robert, physical scientist at the Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency who’s working on nuclear weapons effects, a graduate of Trinity University and has a master’s degree in physics from Johns Hopkins. William, project manager at NRC. “Nuclear Power: An Option for the Army’s Future” Jan 16, 2002 last modified. www.almc.army.mil/alog/issues/SepOct01/MS684.htm

The idea of using nuclear power … will have to play a significant role.

Tournament: Sophomore RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Valley JM | Judge: Samorian, Damerdji

Interpretation: The affirmative must directly defend that countries prohibit the production of nuclear power.

Prohibitions are formal through law. Oxford:

Oxford Dictionaries. “Definition of Prohibit in English.” No date.

VERB (prohibits, prohibiting, prohibited) WITH OBJECT ... the budget agreement had prohibited any tax cuts 

A country is a government, in the context of an actor. Google:

Google: nd https://www.google.com/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instantandion=1andespv=2andie=UTF-8#q=countries20definition

a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.

Violation: They define country as people and defend that people orient themselves away from nuclear

Standards

1 Real World

2 Ground

T is a voter

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Woodlands College Park JZ | Judge: Vincent

Interpretation: On the 2016-17 September-October topic, the affirmative may only specify one of the following:

- the region in which production of nuclear power is banned
- a type of nuclear power that is banned.

Violation: They specify both the Artic and floating nuclear power plants

Standard

1 Ground

Voter for education:

Drop the debater:

No RVIs