Tournament: nah | Round: 1 | Opponent: nah | Judge: nah
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Email: cara.day@st-agnes.org
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Tournament: UH | Round: 2 | Opponent: Woodlands | Judge: Victor Fu

Part 1- Framing

Even if the state is bad, the state as a heuristic is a powerful learning tool for liberation.

Zanotti 14
(Dr. Laura Zanotti is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech.  Her research and teaching include critical political theory as well as international organizations, UN peacekeeping, democratization and the role of NGOs in post-conflict governance."Governmentality, Ontology, Methodology: Re-thinking Political Agency in the Global World" – Alternatives: Global, Local, Political – vol 38(4):p. 288-304, obtained via school library being awesome.) 
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While there are important variations in the way international relations scholars use governmentality 

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where they are made rather than based upon their universal normative aspirations. 13

Institutional violence is based in moral exclusion, which is flawed because exclusion is based on arbitrarily perceived difference.

Winter and Leighton 1

_{Winter, D. D., and Dana C. Leighton." Structural violence." Peace, conflict and violence: Peace psychology for the 21st century (2001): 99-101.}
Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about 

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local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace.

And moral theories that can’t account for the reality we live in fail as normative guides to action—we cannot look to idealistic conditions.

Farrelly 7

_{Colin Farrelly 07, ~Professor of Political Studies, Queen's University~, "Justice in Ideal Theory: A Refutation", Political Studies, 2007.}
Political philosophers have recently begun to take seriously methodological questions ¶ concerning what a theoretical 

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-compliance or unfavourable (historical, social or economic) ¶ conditions.

Part 2- Advantages

Advantage 1- Social Movements

Freedom of speech is a prereq for social change; it allows us to challenge the oppressors of every day life.

Pinker 15
Pinker, Steven. "Why free speech is fundamental." The Boston Globe. N.p., 27 Jan. 2015. Web. 15 Dec. 2016. https://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2015/01/26/why-free-speech-fundamental/aaAWVYFscrhFCC4ye9FVjN/story.html
MORE THAN two centuries after freedom of speech was enshrined in the First Amendment to 

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— it’s the right of free speech that allows you to do so.

It allows us to identify racists so that we can persuade them otherwise; this solves the root cause of oppression.

ACLU 16. American Civil Liberties Union. ~For almost 100 years, the ACLU has worked to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the United States.~, "Hate Speech on Campus", ACLU, 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus//AD
Many universities, under pressure to respond to the concerns of those who are the 

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, and changing curricula to institutionalize more inclusive approaches to all subject matter. 

This solves – empirics prove you can’t eliminate bigotry by banning it.

Malik 3 (Kenan Malik, I am a writer, lecturer and broadcaster. My latest book is The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics, "why hate speech should not be banned", April 12, 2012, https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/)
And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 

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threshold for liability should not be lowered just because hate speech is involved.

College student’s movements are uniquely key to creating social and political change.

Gonzalez-Valiant and Schwartz 12
Gonzalez-Valiant, Gabriela, and Michael Schwartz. "Student Movements and the Power of Disruption." Mobilizing Ideas. N.p., 02 May 2012. Web. 16 Dec. 2016.
Student movements have played a crucial role in many major social and political transformations, 

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bridging organizations to collectivities with positional power in the target institutions.~ii~

Advantage 2- Education

Limiting free speech inhibits critical thinking in schools.
Snyder 16
Jeffrey Aaon Snyder (Ph.D. Professor at Carleton College, Writer for Boston Review). "Free Speech?  Now That’s Offensive!" Inside Higher Ed. 09/01/16. CCD. https://www.insidehighered.com/views/2016/09/01/dangers-not-valuing-free-speech-campuses-essay**
If colleges and …will all suffocate.

Critical Thinking is key for America to have a competitive education system.

Graham 15
Stedman Graham (Stedman Graham is chairman and CEO of S. Graham and Associates, a management and marketing consulting firm that specializes in the corporate and educational markets; author of 11 books). "Thinking Matters: Critical Thinking is Crucial for Success." Huffington Post. CCD. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/stedman-graham/thinking-matters-critical'b'6317198.html
Critical thinking, the ability to ask effective questions and formulate original solutions, is 

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to 20 children so teachers can give students the individual attention they need.