Tournament: Alta | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bingham KB | Judge: Monica Amestoy

Court Clog DA

Courts are overworked in the squo—judges are at the edge and one big push collapses the judiciary.

Gersham 15 Jacob Gershman "Federal Judge Says His Overworked Colleagues Bench Close to Burnout" Wall Street Journal November 12^th 2015
Judges in federal trial courts have for some time expressed concern about the ever-
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growing ones), but efforts to hire more judges have met political resistance.

Qualified immunity is a large part of case selection – deters lawyers from taking certain cases.

Reinert 11, Alexander. "Does Qualified Immunity Matter?." University of St. Thomas Law Journal Vol 8 Issue 3. 2011. Web. October 06, 2016. http://ir.stthomas.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1261andcontext=ustlj.
The data are limited and anecdotal in nature, but assuming these results are representative
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the plaintiff's attorney thinks that the qualified immunity defense will ultimately be rejected. 

Standards set by the court under QI make it easier to dismiss friv litigation

Cotrell 94, Eric. "Civil Rights Plaintiffs, Clogged Courts, And The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure: The Supreme Court." North Carolina Law Review Volume 74 Number 4. April 01, 1994. Web. October 06, 2016. http://scholarship.law.unc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3547andcontext=nclr.
Although Leatherman\'s ban on heightened standards may be consistent with the Court\
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frivolous civil rights suits-contrary to an overly broad interpretation of Leatherman.

Court clog collapses the federal judiciary — overburdens dockets, expansion can't keep pace

Oakley 96 (John, Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus at the University of California Davis, "The Myth of Cost-Free Jurisdictional Reallocation," The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume 543, p. 52—63, http://www.jstor.org/stable/1048447
Personal effects: The hidden costs of greater workloads. The hallmark of federal justice
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jurisdiction would raise the most serious questions of the future course of the nation

Separation of power solves unaccountable decisions to go to war – causes extinction.

Adler 96 (David, professor of political science at Idaho State, The Constitution and Conduct of American Foreign Policy, p. 23-25)
The structure of shared powers in foreign relations serves to deter the abuse of power
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values in comparison to those of the American people and their representatives in Congress

Moral uncertainty means we should prevent extinction

Bostrom 12 ~Nick Bostrom. Faculty of Philosophy and Oxford Martin School University of Oxford. "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority." Global Policy (2012)~
These reflections on moral uncertainty suggest an alternative, complementary way of looking at existential
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of value. To do this, we must prevent any existential catastrophe.

Tournament: Alta | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bingham KB | Judge: Monica Amestoy

Early Intervention

Text: The US Department of Justice will require that ~police departments~ implement early intervention systems

Campaign Zero no date clarifies the advocacy ~Campaign Zero; Campaign ZERO was developed with contributions from activists, protesters and researchers across the nation. This data-informed platform presents comprehensive solutions to end police violence in America. It integrates community demands and policy recommendations from research organizations and the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing; "Limit Use of Force"; http://www.joincampaignzero.org/force~~ JC
A. Report all uses of force to a database with information on related injuries
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these officers from serving as police officers, teachers or other governmental employees.

EI programs are seen as unneeded – the CP is key to expanding their use

Ceriale 16 ~Matthew A.; University of Central Florida; "Early Intervention Systems: An Evaluative Review of Their History and Use" (2016); Honors in the Major Theses; Paper 32; http://stars.library.ucf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1032andamp;context=honorstheses~~ JC
EI systems have been listed as a best practice and highly effective both in case
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systems so that it can then move forward to improving and enlarging them.

CP solves the aff – it's empirically successful and the police themselves support it

Walker et al 1 ~"Early Warning Systems: Responding to the Problem Police Officer"; Samuel Walker, Geoffrey P. Alpert, and Dennis J. Kenney; July 2001; U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice; https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/188565.pdf~~ JC
Early warning systems appear to have a dramatic effect on reducing citizen complaints and other
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abstract, moralistic, or otherwise unrelated to practical aspects of police work. 

Increases accountability – wrongdoing police get punished

Harris 12 ~David A.; Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh School of Law; "How Accountability-Based Policing Can Reinforce— Or Replace—The Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule"; OHIO STATE JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAW Vol 7: 149; http://moritzlaw.osu.edu/students/groups/osjcl/files/2012/05/Harris-FinalPDF.pdf~~ JC
In some departments, such as the Pittsburgh Police Bureau,75 chiefs hold periodic
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. Thus, compliance with rules and standards set by the organization increases.

Tournament: Alta | Round: 2 | Opponent: Bingham KB | Judge: Monica Amestoy

Policing Links

The aff leads to a policing apocalypse – 3 warrants

1. Costs

Huge litigation costs disable police departments

King 7/1 ~Andrew; Assistant Prosecuting Attorney. B.A. from The Ohio State University, J.D., summa cum laude from Capital University Law School. Member of the bars of the Supreme Court of Ohio, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, and both the United States District Courts for the Southern District of Ohio and the Northern District of Ohio. Andrew is a past associate editor of the Capital University Law School Law Review and is the author of several published legal articles; 7-1-2016; "Keep Qualified Immunity...For Now"; http://mimesislaw.com/fault-lines/keep-qualified-immunity-for-now/11010~~ JC
Plus, we're told, making lawsuits easier would bring about a policing apocalypse:
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figure out a better one before tearing down the old one.
  

2. Recruitment

Being a police officer is a difficult job, and police agencies are already struggling to fill vacancies

Christopher 3/5 Burns Christopher. 3/5/16 (Writer for Bangor Daily News,) "Why Maine police departments have a hard time filling jobs" http://bangordailynews.com/2016/03/05/the-point/why-maine-police-departments-have-a-hard-time-filling-jobs/   
Law enforcement agencies in the midcoast and Washington County have made news recently because they're
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known about the recruitment troubles, however, is largely anecdotal.
 

Without qualified immunity, people would be strongly deterred from taking on jobs as police officers

Schott 12 Richard J. (Writer for FBI Bulletin, J.D.) "Qualified Immunity How It Protects Law Enforcement Officers". FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin. 2012
The Supreme Court found no reason to differentiate between the other defendants in this case
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while government employees performing the same tasks would be protected by qualified immunity. 

3. Chilling effect

Studies show officers fear litigation, which creates a chilling effect on enforcement

Hawkins and Montsinger 7 Homer C. Hawkins (Associate Professor, School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University) and Catherine Montsinger (Assistant Professor, Criminology, Johnson C. Smith University). "Police and Civil Liability: A Practical Guide to Avoiding Litigation." Law Enforcement Executive Forum•2007•7(1). https://www.iletsbeiforumjournal.com/images/Issues/FreeIssues/ILEEF202007-7.1.pdf
Litigaphobia, also referred to as Police Liability Syndrome, creates a certain paralysis in
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become trained to avoid the "chill effect" that litigation may present.

Policing Impact – Crime

Police are key to mitigating crime

Medved 14 ~Michael Medved; 8-21-2014; "Slow down, police are the good guys: Column"; http://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2014/08/21/police-militarization-ferguson-crime-violence-justice-bureau-column/14307505/~~ JC
If an American institution inspires public confidence through conspicuous, consistent progress over the course
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crime rates, and might have even accelerated those improvements in public safety.

Crime exacerbates poverty

Samenow 14 ~Stanton Samenow, Ph.D., received his B.A. (cum laude) from Yale University in 1963 and his Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Michigan in 1968; 12-24-2014; "Crime Causes Poverty"; https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/inside-the-criminal-mind/201412/crime-causes-poverty~~ JC
What may not be apparent is that crime causes poverty. Consider the costs of
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it when criminals demolish overnight what they have worked so hard to build.

Violent crime destroys the quality of life

Berman 16. Mark. (Mark Berman covers national news for The Washington Post and anchors Post Nation, a destination for breaking news and stories from around the country.) "Violent crime and murders both went up in 2015, FBI says" September 26 2016
Homicides in the United States went up by more than 10 percent in 2015 over
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us — and so all of us have a responsibility to end it."