Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: 1 | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: William Ponder
Framing the 1ac in survival level threats legitimizes a politics of securitization.  
Kostakopoulou 8 Dora KOSTAKOPOULOU Law @ Warwick “How to do Things with Security Post 9/11” Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 28 (2)
The siege frame of reference itself provides legitimizing reasons to justify restrictions on civil liberties
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security frames in British counter-terrorist legislation and practices and their impact.

It’s try or die---the aff’s security logic effaces the structural origin of crises---makes extinction inevitable – turns case
Ahmed 12, Nafeez Mosaddeq, Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society," Global Change, Peace and Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis
Hence, they neglect the profound irrationality of collective state behaviour, which systematically erodes
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genocide, can become legitimised as contributing to the resolution of crises.105

The role of the ballot is to engage in critical analysis and question the epistemological and methodological assumptions of policies prior to their enactment

Epistemology must come before political discussion, because it determines how we go about policy-making in the first place
Smith 96 Steve, Professor of International Politics at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth, “Positivism and Beyond,” International theory: Positivism and beyond, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996
But the stakes are also high because of the links between theory and practice.
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are far more considerable than at first sight seem to be the case.

Our framework is productive—intellectual criticism results in a shift where security responses are de-emphasized--- this interrogates the methodological underpinnings of the 1AC which is prerequisite to policy
Ahmed 12, Nafeez Mosaddeq, Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex, “The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society," Global Change, Peace and Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis
While recommendations to shift our frame of orientation away from conventional state-centrism toward
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, effective, and joined-up policy-making on these issues.

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: 1 | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: William Ponder
A is the Interpretation – ‘ought’ entails an ideal without an action or imperative.
Robinson 71 Richard Robinson, “Ought and Ought Not,” Philosophy, Vol. 46, No. 177 (Jul., 1971), pp. 193-202.
Many ought-sentences are not prescriptive at all, either prudentially or morally,
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existence by the passage of a law. They are expressing an ideal.

To clarify this means that the aff can’t defend implementation- they must defend the desirability of affirming the entire resolution through truth testing
B is the Violation – They defend (implementation/competing worlds/parametricized advocacy)
C is the Standards –
1) Predictability and Clash
2) Limits
3) Philosophical Education
Fairness
Education
Drop the debater on T –
T is competing interps-
no RVI on T –

Tournament: Holy Cross | Round: 1 | Opponent: Cypress Woods LC | Judge: William Ponder
Text: All countries should ban the production of nuclear power in all forms except for liquid fluoride thorium reactors.

Mutually exclusive from the aff- they ban all nuclear power production- we ban everything except for nuclear power production using thorium fueled reactors- means perm would be severance which is a voting issue for fairness and education: makes aff a moving target and skews neg time and strategy if they can shift the aff after the 1AC

Thorium Reactors solves all problems with nuclear power- nuke prolif, nuclear waste, nuke meltdowns, and safety- also solves laundry list of other problems with conventional nuke power and solves warming
Warmflash 15 Warmflash, David. David is an astrobiologist and science writer. He received his M.D. from Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine, and has done post doctoral work at Brandeis University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the Johnson Space Center, where he was part of the NASA's first cohort of astrobiology training fellows. He has been involved in science outreach for more than a decade and since 2002 has collaborated with The Planetary Society on studying the effects of the space environment on small organisms. "Thorium Power Is the Safer Future of Nuclear Energy."Discover Magazine. Kalmbach Publishing Co., 16 Jan. 2015. Web. 26 Aug. 2016. http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2015/01/16/thorium-future-nuclear-energy/#.V8CsjCgrLb0.
Nuclear power has long been a contentious topic. It generates huge amounts of electricity
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-232, unless they had a robot to carry out the task. 

Warming is anthropogenic and causes extinction
Adams 16 --- has a degree in agriculture and cites studies done by NASA and the IPCC
(Andrew, Prince George Citizen, 4/16/16, “There is no debating scientific facts,” http://www.princegeorgecitizen.com/opinion/columnists/there-is-no-debating-scientific-facts-1.2229437)
Last week I wrote about the signs of early spring and put a few jabs
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watching conspiracy theories?" P.s. The Earth is not flat.

Meltdowns cause extinction
Adams 11 (Mike, outspoken consumer health advocate, award-winning investigative journalist, internet activist and science lab director, “Solar flare could unleash nuclear holocaust across planet Earth, forcing hundreds of nuclear power plants into total meltdowns”, 7/13/11, Accessed 8/10/2016)
Fukushima was one power plant. Imagine the devastation of 100+ nuclear power plants
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planet? It's a very, very small fraction of the total population.

Nuke Prolif causes extinction
Kissinger et al 11 (Shultz was secretary of state from 1982 to 1989. Mr. Perry was secretary of defense from 1994 to 1997. Mr. Kissinger was secretary of state from 1973 to 1977. Mr. Nunn is former chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee (“Deterrence in the Age of Nuclear Proliferation: The doctrine of mutual assured destruction is obsolete in the post‐Cold War era”, Wall Street Journal, March 7, 2011, http://www.nti.org/c_press/Deterrence_in_the_Age_of_Nuclear_Proliferation.pdf, ZBurdette, Accessed 8/14/2016)
As long as there has been war, there have been efforts to deter actions
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are addressed. We must therefore redouble our efforts to resolve these issues.