Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 2 | Opponent: Rowland Hall-StMarks RA | Judge: Christopher Rogers
In the context of governments like the United States, morality must be based on citizens having the ability to consent to political authority. Otherwise that authority is coercive and illegitimate. Benhabib 94
Seyla Benhabib 94 Eugene Mayer Professor of Political Science and Philosophy at Yale University, and director of the program in Ethics, Politics, and Economics, and a well-known contemporary philosopher, “Deliberative Rationality and Models of Democratic Legitimacy”, Constellations Volume I, No/, 1994, Published by Blackwell Publishers
The basis of legitimacy… for being informed.
And,- we should guarantee a marketplace of ideas, which supersedes other utilitarian grounds to restrict rights. The right to speak out is valuable in itself. Dwyer 01
Susan Dwyer, philosophy at University of Maryland, 2001 (http://www.umbc.edu/philosophy/dwyer/papers/freespeech.html)
Direct Nonconsequentialism Let…(protect) it everywhere.
Therefore, my value criterion is respecting democratic deliberation. This means that the judge should vote for which side best promotes discussion and dialogue at universities.
Our central thesis for this debate is that universities are a place for learning and that restrictions on free speech limit student dissent and make it an undemocratic environment. Only by allowing free and open discussion can democracy work.
Government control of speech will favor the powerful and silence the powerless. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC
B. Impact on Campus… ideas on campus.
College in particular is a time where students need to learn how to be activists before anything else. This is prevented if their words are controlled by the state. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC
2. Suppression of Disfavored … the college environment
Free speech enables counter speech, which empowers students. Calleros 95
Charles R. Calleros, Paternalism, Counterspeech, and Campus Hate-Speech Codes: A Reply to Delgado and Yun, 27 ARIZ. ST. L.J. 1249 (1995). CC
Speech as an Instrument… such partisan speech.
Every major civil rights movement is built on free speech. There is no liberty, activism or change without free speech. Strossen, Former President of the ACLU, 00
Strossen, Nadine. "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25 (2000): 243. CC
C. A Robust Freedom of… on both scores.62
Restricting free speech discourages becoming involved in your community and creating change. In order to have civic engagement, we must have free speech.
State censorship of college journalism kills civic engagement and discourages speaking about important topics. LoMonte 06
LoMonte, SPLC Exec. Director, 12-1-06
(Frank D., http://www.splc.org/article/2016/12/college-media-threats-report-2016)
Frank D. LoMonte,… always be guaranteed.”
Restricting speech on college campuses hinders discussion and civic engagement. Mandava 15
Mandava, Sidd of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE). “The ‘Chilling Effect’ in Action: Campus Speech Codes and Political Disengagement” 6/19/2015. https://www.thefire.org/the-chilling-effect-in-action-campus-speech-codes-and-political-disengagement/ SMN
This inclination to… effective civic engagement.
Finally, Civic Engagement is the vital link to solving many real world problems. Small 06
Small 06 (Jonathan, former Americorps VISTA for the Human Services Coalition, “Moving Forward,” The Journal for Civic Commitment, Spring, http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/other/engagement/Journal/Issue7/Small.jsp
What will be … do just that.
A) Underground- drives hate underground and allows communities to ignore the problem. Alexander 13
(Larry, Is Freedom of Expression a Universal Right San Diego Law Review Summer, 2013 San Diego Law Review 50 San Diego L. Rev. 707)
One commentator has… a better job.
B) Disempowerment- censorship disempowers students by compelling them to seek protections from authority. Strossen 00
Strossen, Nadine. 2000 "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25: 243. http://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1185andcontext=fac_articles_chapters SMN
In contrast with … it enfeebles them
