Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 2 | Opponent: Rowland Hall-StMarks RA | Judge: Christopher Rogers
In the context of governments like the United States, morality must be based on citizens having the ability to consent to political authority. Otherwise that authority is coercive and illegitimate. Benhabib 94
Seyla Benhabib 94 Eugene Mayer Professor of Political Science and Philosophy at Yale University, and director of the program in Ethics, Politics, and Economics, and a well-known contemporary philosopher, “Deliberative Rationality and Models of Democratic Legitimacy”, Constellations Volume I, No/, 1994, Published by Blackwell Publishers

The basis of legitimacy… for being informed.

And,- we should guarantee a marketplace of ideas, which supersedes other utilitarian grounds to restrict rights. The right to speak out is valuable in itself. Dwyer 01
Susan Dwyer, philosophy at University of Maryland, 2001 (http://www.umbc.edu/philosophy/dwyer/papers/freespeech.html)
Direct Nonconsequentialism Let…(protect) it everywhere.

Therefore, my value criterion is respecting democratic deliberation. This means that the judge should vote for which side best promotes discussion and dialogue at universities. 

Our central thesis for this debate is that universities are a place for learning and that restrictions on free speech limit student dissent and make it an undemocratic environment. Only by allowing free and open discussion can democracy work.  
Government control of speech will favor the powerful and silence the powerless. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

B. Impact on Campus… ideas on campus.

College in particular is a time where students need to learn how to be activists before anything else. This is prevented if their words are controlled by the state. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

2. Suppression of Disfavored … the college environment

Free speech enables counter speech, which empowers students. Calleros 95
Charles R. Calleros, Paternalism, Counterspeech, and Campus Hate-Speech Codes: A Reply to Delgado and Yun, 27 ARIZ. ST. L.J. 1249 (1995). CC

Speech as an Instrument… such partisan speech.

Every major civil rights movement is built on free speech. There is no liberty, activism or change without free speech. Strossen, Former President of the ACLU, 00
Strossen, Nadine. "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25 (2000): 243. CC

C. A Robust Freedom of… on both scores.62

Restricting free speech discourages becoming involved in your community and creating change. In order to have civic engagement, we must have free speech.
State censorship of college journalism kills civic engagement and discourages speaking about important topics. LoMonte 06
LoMonte, SPLC Exec. Director, 12-1-06
(Frank D., http://www.splc.org/article/2016/12/college-media-threats-report-2016)

Frank D. LoMonte,… always be guaranteed.”

Restricting speech on college campuses hinders discussion and civic engagement. Mandava 15
Mandava, Sidd of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE). “The ‘Chilling Effect’ in Action: Campus Speech Codes and Political Disengagement” 6/19/2015. https://www.thefire.org/the-chilling-effect-in-action-campus-speech-codes-and-political-disengagement/ SMN

This inclination to… effective civic engagement.

Finally, Civic Engagement is the vital link to solving many real world problems. Small 06
Small 06 (Jonathan, former Americorps VISTA for the Human Services Coalition,  “Moving Forward,” The Journal for Civic Commitment,  Spring, http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/other/engagement/Journal/Issue7/Small.jsp

What will be … do just that.

A) Underground- drives hate underground and allows communities to ignore the problem. Alexander 13
(Larry, Is Freedom of Expression a Universal Right San Diego Law Review Summer, 2013 San Diego Law Review 50 San Diego L. Rev. 707)

One commentator has… a better job.

B) Disempowerment- censorship disempowers students by compelling them to seek protections from authority. Strossen 00
Strossen, Nadine. 2000 "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25: 243. http://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1185andcontext=fac_articles_chapters SMN

In contrast with … it enfeebles them

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 1 | Opponent: Brentwood HG | Judge: Ghada Shehab
The question of this debate is whether or not colleges occupy a special status that warrants limiting speech in some ways that we wouldn’t normally limit speech in others. Our argument is not that we should strip away the right to free speech. Rather, the negative’s argument is that college’s occupy a unique intersection of people and purposes that justify certain time, place, manner restrictions that fit within restrictions allowed by the constitution that limit normally constitutionally protected speech. 

Therefore, on the negative we advocate that speech normally protected by the constitution should be restricted in university and college dormitories, residence halls or any other location where students formally live. In particular they should reserve the right to regulate aggressive speech directed at students in a discriminatory manner. Press 08 Jd candidate at Northwestern 

Press, Joshua J.D. Candidate, Northwestern University School of Law, 2008; B.A., Emory University, 2004., "Teachers, Leave Those Kids Alone – On Free Speech and Shouting Fiery Epithets in a Crowded Dormitory" (2008). Northwestern University Law Review 102.

But despite these… the First¶ Amendment

This advocacy is mutually exclusive with the affirmative’s refusal of all restrictions because it creates a space for the university to limit what students would normally have free range to say. Even if it wasn’t, there are several disadvantages to doing the affirmative that make our advocacy preferable by itself. 

Dorms and residence halls are hot spots for harassment that students can’t escape. Press 08
Press, Joshua, "Teachers, Leave Those Kids Alone – On Free Speech and Shouting Fiery Epithets in a Crowded Dormitory" (2008). Northwestern University Law Review 102. 

When considering the… court in U WM.”

Students should certainly be exposed to new ideas and ways of seeing the world. But, they also need somewhere safe to retreat.
Press, Joshua, "Teachers, Leave Those Kids Alone – On Free Speech and Shouting Fiery Epithets in a Crowded Dormitory" (2008). Northwestern University Law Review 102. 

This approach also … their student bodies.

And, the our advocacy is will not get overturned and can withstand scrutiny. We tie anti-discrimination laws to speech codes in dorms. Press 08
Press, Joshua, "Teachers, Leave Those Kids Alone – On Free Speech and Shouting Fiery Epithets in a Crowded Dormitory" (2008). Northwestern University Law Review 102. 

Yet the arguments… be unconstitutionally chilled."'

Hate speech has to be limited in the dorms. This type of speech does real violence that makes college unbearable. Delgado and Stefacic ‘09
Richard Delgado - University Professor, Seattle University School of Law; J.D., 1974, University of California, Berkeley. Jean Stefancic – Research Professor, Seattle University School of Law; M.A., 1989, University of San Francisco. “FOUR OBSERVATIONS ABOUT HATE SPEECH.” WAKE FOREST LAW REVIEW. 2009. http://wakeforestlawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Delgado_LawReview_01.09.pdf

II. OBSERVATION NUMBER TWO:… of free expression.111

This destroys the effectiveness of the marketplace of ideas and makes deliberation and conversation impossible. Post ‘91
ROBERT C. POST - Professor of Law, School of Law (Boalt Hall), University of California at Berkeley. B.A., Harvard College, 1969; J.D., Yale University, 1977; Ph.D., Harvard University, 1980. “RACIST SPEECH, DEMOCRACY, AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT.” William and Mary Law Review. 1991. http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1924andcontext=wmlr JJN

D. Harm to the… stigmatizing victim groups.

My opponent case relies on promoting speech for everyone. But, that is an ineffective starting point to promote quality of life and rights of people on campus. Instead, we need some regulation on the marketplace of ideas. Before addressing the specifics of their case we will isolate a few problems with their thesis. 

First, unrestricted speech creates a chilling effect where people are terrified to speak out. This has the effect of creating less dialogue.  Inbger 84
Stanley Ingber, THE MARKETPLACE OF IDEAS: A LEGITIMIZING MYTH, Duke Law Review, February 1984 EE

The clear and… to established norms

Second, don’t listen to their arguments about a ban getting misapplied. Tons of European countries already ban hate speech. There’s no spillover effect. Muravchik 10
https://www.thefire.org/pdfs/710f0f022e1745ed1e1924fb278aa379.pdf   
EE

Moreover, a wealth… very little thinking.