Tournament: CalTournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x
In the context of governments like the United States, morality must be based on citizens having the ability to consent to political authority. Otherwise that authority is coercive and illegitimate. Benhabib 94

Seyla Benhabib 94 Eugene Mayer Professor of Political Science and Philosophy at Yale University, and director of the program in Ethics, Politics, and Economics, and a well-known contemporary philosopher, “Deliberative Rationality and Models of Democratic Legitimacy”, Constellations Volume I, No/, 1994, Published by Blackwell Publishers

I define democratic … for being informed.

Most importantly, this requires the right to speak freely. Only by securing the right to free speech can the government be democratic. Eberle, Law @ Roger Williams, 94
(Wake Forest LR, Winter)

The Court's decision...be vigilantly investigated.

And, we should guarantee a marketplace of ideas, which supersedes other utilitarian grounds to restrict rights. The right to speak out is valuable in itself. Dwyer 01
Susan Dwyer, philosophy at University of Maryland, 2001 (http://www.umbc.edu/philosophy/dwyer/papers/freespeech.html)

Direct Nonconsequentialism Let... (protect) it everywhere.

My first contention is about freedom of the press – right now restrictions on free speech are loading up on college campuses. This is a damaging precedent for student newspapers. Schuman 12/8
(Rebecca, http://www.slate.com/articles/life/education/2016/12/student_journalists_are_under_threat.html)

Well, here’s some... censorship is acceptable.

This justifies wide spread censorship in a diverse array of cases It’s not just about the press – it’s about the way the administration justifies a choke hold on student activities.  Lukianoff 05
(George, Samantha Harris, Foundation for Individual, Rights in Education, 2005 WL 2736313 (U.S.) (Appellate Petition, Motion and Filing) Supreme Court of the United States. Margaret L. HOSTY et al., Petitioners, v. Patricia CARTER, Respondent. No. 05-377. October 19, 2005. On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Brief Amici Curiae of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education; The Coalition for Student and Academic Rights; Feminists for Free Expression; The First Amendment Project; Ifeminists.Net; National Association of Scholars; Accuracy in Academia; Leadership Institute; The Individual Rights Foundation; The American Council of Trustees and Alumni; and Students for Academic Freedom in Support of Petitioners)

Commentators from across ... when it is lost.”20

Moreover, censorship is the most important impact for student freedom. It makes students bad reporters and activists later on in their life. Free press is the most important version of free speech. Sanders 06
Chris Sanders Jd Censorship 101: Anti-Hazelwood Laws and the Preservation of Free Speech at Colleges and Universities 58 Ala. L. Rev. 159, 2006

More significantly for ... an earlier time.

My second contention is that instances of censorship will get misapplied. This debate comes down to who you want making decisions for you. If the government makes those decisions they will always make decisions on behalf of the powerful, not the powerless. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

B. Impact on Campus... ideas on campus.

Additionally, restrictions on speech send the wrong message – college in particular is a time where students need to learn how to be activists before anything else. They should not have their words controlled by the state. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

2. Suppression of Disfavored...the college environment

And, counter speech is an effective form of speaking out and empowering students. There’s no harm to free speech. Counter speech is effective and empowers students. Calleros 95
Charles R. Calleros, Paternalism, Counterspeech, and Campus Hate-Speech Codes: A Reply to Delgado and Yun, 27 ARIZ. ST. L.J. 1249 (1995). CC

Speech as an...such partisan speech.

Finally, independently we need to preserve free speech. Every major civil rights movement is built on it. There is no liberty without free speech. Strossen, Former President of the ACLU, 00
Strossen, Nadine. "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25 (2000): 243. CC

C. A Robust Freedom...on both scores.

Tournament: CalTournament | Round: 1 | Opponent: x | Judge: x
In the context of governments like the United States, morality must be based on citizens having the ability to consent to political authority. Otherwise that authority is coercive and illegitimate. Benhabib 94

Seyla Benhabib 94 Eugene Mayer Professor of Political Science and Philosophy at Yale University, and director of the program in Ethics, Politics, and Economics, and a well-known contemporary philosopher, “Deliberative Rationality and Models of Democratic Legitimacy”, Constellations Volume I, No/, 1994, Published by Blackwell Publishers

I define democratic … for being informed.

Most importantly, this requires the right to speak freely. Only by securing the right to free speech can the government be democratic. Eberle, Law @ Roger Williams, 94
(Wake Forest LR, Winter)

The Court's decision...be vigilantly investigated.

And, we should guarantee a marketplace of ideas, which supersedes other utilitarian grounds to restrict rights. The right to speak out is valuable in itself. Dwyer 01
Susan Dwyer, philosophy at University of Maryland, 2001 (http://www.umbc.edu/philosophy/dwyer/papers/freespeech.html)

Direct Nonconsequentialism Let... (protect) it everywhere.

My first contention is about freedom of the press – right now restrictions on free speech are loading up on college campuses. This is a damaging precedent for student newspapers. Schuman 12/8
(Rebecca, http://www.slate.com/articles/life/education/2016/12/student_journalists_are_under_threat.html)

Well, here’s some... censorship is acceptable.

This justifies wide spread censorship in a diverse array of cases It’s not just about the press – it’s about the way the administration justifies a choke hold on student activities.  Lukianoff 05
(George, Samantha Harris, Foundation for Individual, Rights in Education, 2005 WL 2736313 (U.S.) (Appellate Petition, Motion and Filing) Supreme Court of the United States. Margaret L. HOSTY et al., Petitioners, v. Patricia CARTER, Respondent. No. 05-377. October 19, 2005. On Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit Brief Amici Curiae of the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education; The Coalition for Student and Academic Rights; Feminists for Free Expression; The First Amendment Project; Ifeminists.Net; National Association of Scholars; Accuracy in Academia; Leadership Institute; The Individual Rights Foundation; The American Council of Trustees and Alumni; and Students for Academic Freedom in Support of Petitioners)

Commentators from across ... when it is lost.”20

Moreover, censorship is the most important impact for student freedom. It makes students bad reporters and activists later on in their life. Free press is the most important version of free speech. Sanders 06
Chris Sanders Jd Censorship 101: Anti-Hazelwood Laws and the Preservation of Free Speech at Colleges and Universities 58 Ala. L. Rev. 159, 2006

More significantly for ... an earlier time.

My second contention is that instances of censorship will get misapplied. This debate comes down to who you want making decisions for you. If the government makes those decisions they will always make decisions on behalf of the powerful, not the powerless. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

B. Impact on Campus... ideas on campus.

Additionally, restrictions on speech send the wrong message – college in particular is a time where students need to learn how to be activists before anything else. They should not have their words controlled by the state. Majeed, BA, 09
Majeed, Azhar. "Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence of Campus Speech Codes." Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy 7.2 (2009). CC

2. Suppression of Disfavored...the college environment

And, counter speech is an effective form of speaking out and empowering students. There’s no harm to free speech. Counter speech is effective and empowers students. Calleros 95
Charles R. Calleros, Paternalism, Counterspeech, and Campus Hate-Speech Codes: A Reply to Delgado and Yun, 27 ARIZ. ST. L.J. 1249 (1995). CC

Speech as an...such partisan speech.

Finally, independently we need to preserve free speech. Every major civil rights movement is built on it. There is no liberty without free speech. Strossen, Former President of the ACLU, 00
Strossen, Nadine. "Incitement to hatred: Should there be a limit." S. Ill. ULJ 25 (2000): 243. CC

C. A Robust Freedom...on both scores.