Tournament: Voices | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard Westlake AM | Judge: Michael Dittmer

The standard is maximizing expected wellbeing.

First, the constitutive obligation of the state is to protect citizen interest—individual obligations are not applicable in the public sphere. Goodin 95

Robert E. Goodin. Philosopher of Political Theory, Public Policy, and Applied Ethics. Utilitarianism as a Public Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 1995. p. 26-7
The great adventure of utilitarianism as a guide to public conduct is that it avoids
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thus understood is, I would argue, a uniquely defensible public philosophy.

Second, only impacts and values that exist in the physical world are relevant. Physical realism is the only meaningful ontology. Williams 44,

Donald Williams. "Naturalism and the Nature of Things." The Philosophical Review, Vol. 53, No. 5 (Sep., 1944), pp. 417-443. Duke UP. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2181355**
Casting up our accounts to this point, we observe that physical realism is in
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in patterns of action in the ordered dimensions of a spatio-temporal hypersphere

Third is the act omission distinction, governments are morally responsible for their omissions because they always face choices between different sets of policy options, all of which advantage some while disadvantaging others.

Cass R. Sunstein 5 Adrian ~"Is Capital Punishment Morally Required? Acts, Omissions, and Life-Life Tradeoffs.  Copyright (c) 2005 The Board of Trustees of Leland Stanford Junior University.  Stanford Law Review December,2005 58 Stan. L. Rev. 703~
The critics of capital punishment have been led astray by uncritically applying the act/
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creating entitlements ~*722~ and prohibitions, is not inaction at all.

Plan

Plan Text: All countries ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power in outer space.

Space nuclear power coming now and trades off with solar power, which non uniques space colonization.

Grossman ’16 (Karl Grossman, professor of journalism at the State University of New York/College at Old Westbury, June 27, 2016, "Solar-Energized Juno to Arrive at Jupiter on Independence Day," http://www.nationofchange.org/2016/06/27/solar-energized-juno-arrive-jupiter-independence-day/ | SP)
What NASA insisted for decades could not be­a spacecraft using solar energy rather
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a blow for independence from dangerous nuclear power above our heads in space.

Accidents Advantage

The chance of a nuclear accident due to space propulsion is high—affects billions. Bryson ‘96

Chris Bryson, December 1996 "Cassini — NASA'S Millennial Nuclear Nightmare," Christian Science Monitor, http://www.animatedsoftware.com/cassini/crbryson.htm**
Post-graduate geology student Leo Alvarado also witnessed the accident and telephoned the local
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that we are never going to have one of these things come down?"

An nuclear space accident causes a massive EMP detonation.

Staughton ’16 (John Staughton, February 2016, What Would Happen If A Nuke Exploded In Space? https://www.scienceabc.com/eyeopeners/happen-nuke-exploded-space.html )
Perhaps even more worrying than the huge amount of radiation being dropped into Earth’s atmosphere
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the widespread technological devastation from an EMP big enough to shut down Texas!

Extinction

Pry 10 (Peter Vincent, director of the U.S. Nuclear Strategy Forum, "What America Needs to Know About EMPs" http://wethearmed.com/index.php?topic=8450.0)
EMP is not just a threat to computers and electronic gadgets, but to all
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to the United States and advocated immediate implementation of the EMP Commission's recommendations. 

Space Militarization Advantage

Nuclear power in space leads to space weapons—inevitable consequence and hidden motive for nuclear space programs. Grossman ‘03

Karl Grossman, professor of journalism at the State University of New York/College at Old Westbury, February 5 2003, "Nukes-in-Space in Columbia's Wake", http://www.space4peace.org/articles/columbiaswake.htm**
Gagnon, coordinator of the Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space,
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of what kind of seed do we carry with us out into space."

Space weaponization causes extinction—outweighs nuclear war. Mitchell ‘01

Mitchell, 01 – Associate Professor of Communication and Director of Debate at the University of Pittsburgh (Dr. Gordon, ISIS Briefing on Ballistic Missile Defence, "Missile Defence:  Trans-Atlantic Diplomacy at a Crossroads", No. 6 July, http://www.isisuk.demon.co.uk/0811/isis/uk/bmd/no6.html)**
A buildup of space weapons might begin with noble intentions of 'peace through strength' deterrence
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space could plunge the world into the most destructive military conflict ever seen.

The aff is a criticism of official US policy to securitize space now; rejecting the aff backfires

Peoples 9 (Columba, Sociology @ U of Bristol, "The Securitization of Outer Space: Challenges for Arms Control", http://www.bristol.ac.uk/media-library/sites/spais/migrated/documents/peoples0210i.pdf)**
Yet, ‘The decision to weaponize space does not lie within the military (
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other states – particularly China and Russia – have defined their own positions.