Tournament:  | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge:
Email 21AditiV@students.harker.org for questions/concerns or even the full text of the case (not just cites)

Tournament: Harvard-Westlake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Brentwood LB | Judge: Lawrence Zhou

Hate Speech

The media hype regarding hate crimes doesn't see the full picture-Overall hate crimes are down in recent years. Bennett '16

Samuel Bennett. The State of Hate, in the US. 2016. http://www.samuelwbennett.com/the-state-of-hate/**
This 2nd Annual State of Hate analysis has uncovered a few noteworthy trends. Firstly
AND
.7 of college campuses saw one or more hate crime reports. 

Allowing racist speech encourages hate crimes—the causality is empirically verified. Katel '9

Katel 9 (Peter, staff writer @ CQ Researcher, "Hate Groups", https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/news/Hate.pdf?n=1599)**
There is also hard evidence to back up the link between demonization and violence.
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Iist of vioIent incidents inspired by ugly rhetoric that will certainly grow longer. 

College age and profiles makes it a key breeding ground for hate groups—it's the core demographic. SPLC '2k

SPLC 2k (Southern Poverty Law Center, "COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES SEE INCREASE IN HATE CRIMES", https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2000/colleges-and-universities-see-increase-hate-crimes)**
While these kinds of attacks seem incredible to many, the fact is that most
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, it is not so surprising that some students act in ugly ways.

Two Impacts: A) Race war in America. Alexander 12/2

Alexander 12/2 (Dean, professor/director of the Homeland Security Research Program at Western Illinois University, "Domestic Extremist Threats Face Trump Admin", http://www.hstoday.us/briefings/daily-news-analysis/single-article/special-domestic-extremist-threats-face-trump-admin/ddfd86597d91bfa41f5cc394a795c499.html)**
The term domestic extremism means individuals or groups that follow a variant of ideologies that
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attack by an African American couple to kill police in Trussville, Alabama.

That is an independent impact that must be rejected on face. Challenging racism is a prior ethical question. Memmi '2k

Memmi 2k MEMMI Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-165
The struggle against racism will be long, difficult, without intermission, without remission
AND
. True, it is a wager, but the stakes are irresistible.

B) Causes terrorism- Growing hate groups risk terrorism – US linkages are key. Holloway 11/18

Holloway 11/18 (Kali, staff @ AlterNet, in Salon, "Feeling validated by Donald Trump's win, German hate groups team up with right-wing American hate groups", http://www.salon.com/2016/11/18/german-hate-groups-are-teaming-up-with-right-wing-american-hate-groups-feeling-validated-by-trump_partner/)**
Throughout his campaign, Donald Trump exploited existing racist and xenophobic sentiments across his base
AND
investigate these cells, if they exist, and to prevent any attacks."

Currently, the biggest terrorist threat to the US is white supremacist lone wolves —- they kill more Americans than jihadists and show more desire to use WMDs

Blair 14 (Charles P. Blair, Senior Fellow on State and Non-State Threats for the Federation of American Scientists who teaches classes on terrorism and WMD technology at John Hopkins University and George Mason University, "Looking clearly at right-wing terrorism," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 9 June 2014, http://thebulletin.org/looking-clearly-right-wing-terrorism7232, *fc)
Five years ago the US Department of Homeland Security's Homeland Environment Threat Analysis Division released
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exaggerated, but neither should it be suppressed for political or ideological reasons. 

Dispersion of technology enables lone wolf terrorists to access chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons (CBURNs) – the impact will be mass casualties and unprecedented disruption of financial and social systems

Ackerman and Pinson 14 ~Gary A. ,Director of the Special Projects Division at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), University of Maryland, Lauren E., Senior Research/Project Manager at START and PhD student at Yale University, "An Army of One: Assessing CBRN Pursuit and Use by Lone Wolves and Autonomous Cells," Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2014~
The first question to answer is whence the concerns about the nexus between CBRN weapons
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well influence the weapon selection of lone actor jihadists in Western nations. 19

Tournament: Harvard-Westlake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Brentwood LB | Judge: Lawrence Zhou

Title IX

State cuts have led tuition to spike harming the ability to students to enter college, especially those who come from low income backgrounds or are people of color – The impact is a blow to the national economy because a college degree is a crucial internal link to working in a skilled job, decreasing health care costs, and bringing greater wealth to local communities

Mitchell et al 16 (Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, "Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges", http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up, EmmieeM)
Years of cuts in state funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition
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the start of the recession will make it more difficult to achieve those goals

The only thing keeping graduation rates stable is financial aid —- allows students to study full-time, encourages academic progress, and is the only way low-income students can afford to enroll

Johnson 14 (Hans Johnson – supported by the College Access Foundation of California and writing for the Public Policy Institute of California, "Making College Possible for Low-Income Students: Grant and Scholarship Aid in California", http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/report/R_1014HJR.pdf, pg. 20-24, EmmieeM)
Students fail to complete college for many reasons, including financial constraints. Certainly it
AND
earn a degree if they first enroll at a four-year college. 

There's a contradiction within government policy —- restricting free speech may be unconstitutional, but not doing so causes public colleges to lose federal funding under Title IX

Bernstein 3 (David E. Bernstein – George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law with a focus on constitutional history, "You Can't Say That: The Growing Threat to Civil Liberties From Antidiscrimination Laws", "Censoring Campus Speech", https://books.google.com/books?id=zU2QAAAAQBAJandpg=PA60andlpg=PA60anddq=public+colleges+could+lose+funding+if+they+allow+for+racistsandsource=blandots=W67N5E3bznandsig=xXeBW8YaTy_Ilb34MIbu-grciy4andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiBoqTkn_nQAhVBjFQKHcc7CIkQ6AEITDAI~~#v=onepageandq=public20colleges20could20lose20funding20if20they20allow20for20racistsandf=false, pg. 60-61, EmmieeM)
Given these constitutional barriers, public university speech codes were on the way out until
AND
Amendment, then so can they. Unfortunately, they may be right. 

Federal funding is used to maintain financial aid resources and colleges are only growing more dependent on it as state funding goes down

Pew 15 (The Pew Charitable Trusts – compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, "Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape", http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education, EmmieeM)
States and the federal government have long provided substantial funding for higher education, but
AND
, while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions.

The impact is massive – combatting the structural barriers (!structural viol) that prevent individuals from attending college is the main internal link to competitiveness

U.S. Department of Commerce 12 (Prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce with consultation from the National Economic Council, "The Competitiveness and Innovative Capacity in the United States", http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/thecompetitivenessandinnovativecapacityoftheunitedstates.pdf, pgs. 2-10, EmmieeM)
Education is a key element for promoting economic growth and increasing the innovative capacity of
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schools in 2011–2012 was lower than in 2007–2008.21 

Competitiveness is key to US dominance – we need to keep innovating faster to ensure economic prosperity and hegemony

Segal 04 – Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations
~Adam, Foreign Affairs, "Is America Losing Its Edge?" November / December 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20041101facomment83601/adam-segal/is-america-losing-its-edge.html~~
The United States' global primacy depends in large part on its ability to develop new
AND
, the United States must get better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home.

Loss of competitiveness results in great power conflict—retrenchment makes war inevitable and ensures the US would be dragged in – that causes your heg bad impacts so it's try or die for the NEG

Khalilzad 11 — Zalmay Khalilzad, Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, served as the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush, served as the director of policy planning at the Defense Department during the Presidency of George H.W. Bush, holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, 2011 ("The Economy and National Security," National Review, February 8^th, Available Online at http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/print/259024, Accessed 02-08-2011)
Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to
AND
leading the world toward a new, dangerous era of multi-polarity.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakwood WA | Judge: 

Cap K

Recognizing that the epistemology of capitalism manipulates our understanding of policy is a pre-condition to evaluating the resolution through moral fameworks. Marsh 95,

Marsh 95- Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, PhD from Northwestern University (James, Critique Action and Liberation, p 331-2)
Is it reasonable, therefore, even to talk about the possibility of a socialism
AND
move on. Recent events in eastern Europe only confirm such a judgment.

Free speech is an illusion propagated by corporatists – their model of rights assumes an equal playing field analogous to free market economists view of capital. The promotion of free speech perpetuates the idea that speech is a commodity, which strengthens neoliberalism's hold on the academy. Brown 15

Brown, Wendy. Undoing the demos: Neoliberalism's stealth revolution. MIT Press, 2015.
At times, kennedy raises the pitch in Citizens United to depict limits on corporate
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warring forces parallel to those of government and capital in a neoliberal economy.

Turns case – Neoliberalism structures academic freedom in the status quo. It sets limits on what is acceptable behavior to quell dissent and any facult truly radical enough to challenge corporate hegemony are tossed out before they can pose a real threat. Chatterjee and Maira 14

Chatterjee, Piya, and Sunaina Maira. "The Imperial University: race, war, and the nation-state." The imperial university: Academic repression and scholarly dissent (2014): 1-50.
Our geopolitical positions—of our immediate workplaces as well as trans- national work
AND
of labor and survival within the U.S. university system.11

We've proven that capitalism is bad, therefore the alt: "Vote negative to stop participating in capitalism" –This is an ethnical individual decision that can spillover to others

Herod 04
(James, http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/4thEd/4-index.htm, Getting Free, 4th Edition)
It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely,
AND
. Otherwise we are doomed to perpetual slavery and possibly even to extinction.

Compromise with capital is impossible – only complete rejection can solve – the perm fails

Kovel 02
(Joel, Professor of Social Studies at Bard, The Enemy of Nature, p 142-3)
The value-term that subsumes everything into the spell of capital sets going a
AND
field into zones of greater concentration, expanded profitability — and greater ecodestruction.

Our critique independently outweighs the case -  neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities – the affs single issue legalistic solution is the exact kind of politics neolib wants us to engage in so the root cause to go unquestioned. Farbod 15

 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2)
Global capitalism is the 800-pound gorilla. The twin ecological and economic crises
AND
enhancing natural and social systems will soon reach a point of no return.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Oakwood WA | Judge: 

Hate Speech CP

Text: AFF actors should remove all restrictions on constitutionally protected free speech, and ban the usage of all hate speech, including hate speech not protected by the First Amendment. Hate speech poses a direct threat to the oppressed. Banning it is necessary to promote inclusiveness.

Jared Taylor summarizes Waldron, 12, Why We Should Ban "Hate Speech", American Renaissance, summarizing Jeremy Waldron, The Harm in Hate Speech, Harvard University Press, 2012, 292 pp., 26.95. 8/24/12, http://www.amren.com/features/2012/08/why-we-should-ban-hate-speech/ Note – Taylor does not agree with but is summarizing Waldron's position LADI
First-Amendment guarantees of free speech are a cherished part of the American tradition
AND
in which it is considered fine to beat up and drive out minorities.

Tournament:  | Round: 9 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

CP Text: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought to ban handguns on campus

Competition

Campus Carry qualifies explicitly under the courts definition of constitutionally protected speech because it conveys a clear message

Blanchfield 14'
~"What do Guns Say?" - The New York Times May 4 2014 - Patrick Blanchfield is a freelance writer with at a PhD in Comparative Literature from Emory University, and has completed four years of coursework in psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice at the Emory Psychoanalytic Institute. He does critical writing on US culture, gun violence and politics AC~
Earlier this month, in Bunkerville, Nev., representatives of the Bureau of Land
AND
one such event told reporters. "But that's not going to happen."

Guns are a form of symbolic free speech protected by the first amendment: Law Review Proves

McGoldrick 08
~"Symbolic Speech: A message from Mind to Mind" Oklahoma Law Review Volume 61 Spring 2008 Number 1  - James M McGoldrick Jr. is a professor of law at Pepperdine law Prior to beginning his career as a law professor, Professor McGoldrick worked for the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice and as a trial attorney for the Tulare County Legal Services. During his over forty-year career at Pepperdine School of Law, he served eight years as associate dean for academics. AC ~
And then there is mere conduct that, though expressive, receives no protection as
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be criminalized without regard to the constitutional protection of the freedom of expression.

Solvency / Violence General

Banning guns on campus works - violence usually happens in areas where guns are allowed and a college campus is a petri dish for violence

Webster et al 16
~Daniel W. Webster – "Firearms on College Campuses: Research Evidence and Policy Implications" – Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School Of Public Health – Quals and other authors: http://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/johns-hopkins-center-for-gun-policy-and-research/_pdfs/GunsOnCampus.pdf AC~
The best available research contradicts many claims and assumptions that underlie policies to allow civilians
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wounds, and more threats with a firearm that are traumatizing to victims. 

Oppression

Guns on campus are a symbolic political tool to assert dominance over minorities and maintain status quo hierarchies

Kautzer 15
~Kautzer Chad. Good Guys with Guns: From Popular Sovereignty to Self-Defensive Subjectivity. Law Critique (2015) 26:173–187 DOI 10.1007/s10978-015-9156-x. April 8, 2015. Chad Kautzer is a Philosophy Proffessor at Lehigh University Last year he was a Visiting Research Scholar in the Philosophy Department at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and has twice held fellowships at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat in Germany. His specialization areas are Critical Theory; Philosophy of Law and Right; Social and Political Philosophy; Race and Gender Theory; Marxism; and Hegel.
AC~
My students bring guns to class. This is troubling,
AND
that constitute the ruler or sovereign subjects through subjugating violence beyond the law.

Campus Carry turns people of color from students into suspects and incites violence against them.

Marfo 16
~"Carrying on Campus When You're a A Person of Color" - Pacific Standard 9/27/16  https://psmag.com/amp/p/60486b4b6e5c?gi=ab0e97b91122  AC ~
Imagine the anxiety of a student who is lawfully carrying a weapon each time he
AND
are they likely to be responded to in the event of an emergency?

Free Exchange of Ideas

Guns on campus kill free exchange of ideas—its antithetical to academic dialogue when you're in fear of someone pulling out a gun over a difference of opinion.

PHW 14'
~ "Point Blank: Guns Don't Belong On College Campuses – Here's Why," by publichealthwatch, blogger and pHD candidate, March 10, 2014. https://publichealthwatch.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/point-blank-guns-dont-belong-on-college-campuses-heres-why/ AC ~
In order to foster a healthy learning environment at America's colleges and universities, it
AND
citizens should be allowed to bring their guns ~onto~ college campuses?"

Tournament:  | Round: 8 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Handgun DA (2:30)

Most college campuses are prohibiting campus carry in the squo

Anderson 16 (Nick Anderson – Washington Post, "If You Want to Carry a Gun on Campus, These States Say Yes", https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2016/01/27/if-you-want-to-carry-a-gun-on-campus-these-states-say-yes/?utm_term=.a7fb4735acfd, EmmieeM)
Debate continues to boil in Texas over a new law allowing concealed weapons across college
AND
, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, South Carolina and Tennessee.

Campus Carry qualifies explicitly under the courts definition of constitutionally protected speech because it conveys a clear message

Blanchfield 14'
~"What do Guns Say?" - The New York Times May 4 2014 - Patrick Blanchfield is a freelance writer with at a PhD in Comparative Literature from Emory University, and has completed four years of coursework in psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice at the Emory Psychoanalytic Institute. He does critical writing on US culture, gun violence and politics AC~
Earlier this month, in Bunkerville, Nev., representatives of the Bureau of Land
AND
one such event told reporters. "But that's not going to happen."

Campus carry is associated with increasing rates of assault, aggressiveness, a chilling effect, and permit background checks don't check

PHW 14 (Public Health Watch 14, https://publichealthwatch.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/point-blank-guns-dont-belong-on-college-campuses-heres-why/, EmmieeM)
In the wake of tragic shootings at Virginia Tech and Northern Illinois University, a
AND
to the detriment of the students, universities and ultimately, the nation.

Guns on campus are a symbolic political tool to assert dominance over minorities and maintain status quo hierarchies

Kautzer 15
~Kautzer Chad. Good Guys with Guns: From Popular Sovereignty to Self-Defensive Subjectivity. Law Critique (2015) 26:173–187 DOI 10.1007/s10978-015-9156-x. April 8, 2015. Chad Kautzer is a Philosophy Proffessor at Lehigh University Last year he was a Visiting Research Scholar in the Philosophy Department at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and has twice held fellowships at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat in Germany. His specialization areas are Critical Theory; Philosophy of Law and Right; Social and Political Philosophy; Race and Gender Theory; Marxism; and Hegel.
AC~
My students bring guns to class. This is troubling,
AND
that constitute the ruler or sovereign subjects through subjugating violence beyond the law.

Tournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rowland Hall-St Marks Kenzo Okazaki | Judge: Timothy McHugh

Elections DB DA

Dems will win the Senate; Comey makes it close (win IL, WI, PA, and MO)

Taylor 11/1 (Jessica, staff @ NPR, "Control of the Senate: Democrats have many paths to a majority", https://www.mprnews.org/story/2016/11/02/npr-democrats-path-senate-majority)**
A week away from Election Day, Democrats still have multiple paths to winning back
AND
almost everything to go right for them in order for that to happen.

Repeal of qualified immunity creates fears of violent crime and a chilling effect on law enforcement – FBI specifically opposes

Wright '15 (Sam, public interest lawyer, "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity", http://abovethelaw.com/2015/11/want-to-fight-police-misconduct-reform-qualified-immunity/)**
Before getting into what Campaign Zero is proposing and why their proposal ought to include
AND
them from holding those officers accountable is not democracy. It is fascism."

That's a winning issue for Trump

Zeitz '16 (Josh, 7/18, politics and history @ Cambridge, "How Trump Is Recycling Nixon's 'Law and Order' Playbook", www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/donald-trump-law-and-order-richard-nixon-crime-race-214066~#ixzz4P0p4CFd3)
Today, the law and order rhetoric is back. The crime interestingly, is
AND
that doesn't exist. But Donald Trump is just that sort of salesman.

And, Senate control key to CTBT – That stops prolif

Hastings '16 (Sam, 8/19, staff @ Joplin Independent, "Easy solution for ridding gridlock", http://www.joplinindependent.com/ display_article.php/hastings1471634838)
The US Senate is up for grabs. Republicans hold 54 seats but 34 senate
AND
where their peer competitors started testing nukes too. Then, the boom. 

Norm erosion coming; causes escalatory nuclear use – Only CTBT solves

Robinson 9/1 (Kathy, Senior Public Policy Director for the WAND Education Fund, a national nonprofit that educates public and opinion leaders about the need to reduce violence and militarism, "Senate should support efforts against nuclear tests", http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/294087-senate-should-support-efforts-to-against-nuclear-tests)**
In this geopolitical environment, we cannot afford to be unclear about the global norm
AND
when thinking of a particular example, like India and Pakistan for instance.

Proliferation leads to global nuclear war

Taylor 1 (Theodore, Chairman of NOVA, Former Nuclear Weapons Designer, Recipient of the US Atomic Energy Commission's 1965 Lawrence Memorial Award and former Deputy Dir. of Defense Nuclear Agency, "Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons", in "Breakthrough: Emerging New Thinking", http://www-ee.stanford.edu/~~hellman/Breakthrough/book/chapters/taylor.html)
Nuclear proliferation - be it among nations or terrorists - greatly increases the chance of
AND
, the small nuclear war could easily escalate into a global nuclear war.

Nuclear war - xtn

Tournament: Damus | Round: 1 | Opponent: Rowland Hall-St Marks Kenzo Okazaki | Judge: Timothy McHugh

Court Clog DA

Courts are experiencing a slow down but are still functioning. Palazzolo 15/3

~Joe Palazzolo, 3/15/16 "In federal courts, fewer lawsuits but a longer wait" The Wall Street Journal -   Joe Palazzolo writes about legal affairs from The Wall Street Journal's headquarters in New York. His areas of coverage include the federal judiciary, privacy, gun laws and anticorruption.~
The judicial backlog has grown about 28 since 2011. The pending cases included
AND
results in the displacement or delay of civil disputes, creating a backlog. 

Courts are increasingly overstretched but qualified immunity is a key doctrine to keep the workload down—aff clogs the courts. Ferris '92

Putnam and Ferris 92 ~(Charles Putnam, Senior Assistant Attorney General, Office of the New Hampshire Attorney General, J.D. 1985, University of Connecticut. Charles Ferris, J.D. 1992, Franklin Pierce Law Center, Concord, New Hampshire.)"DEFENDING A MALIGNED DEFENSE: THE POLICY BASES OF THE QUALIFIED IMMUNITY DEFENSE IN ACTIONS UNDER 42 U.S.C. § 1983" BRIDGEPORT LAW REVIEW QUINNIPIAC COLLEGE Volume 12 Number 3 Spring 1992~
A second policy consideration present in section 1983 litigation and furthered by the qualified immunity
AND
the Due Process Clause and is therefore not actionable under section 1983.2

Turns the aff—clogged courts mean there's zero avenue for plaintiffs to combat police misconduct—that's the internal link to solvency in the AFF.

Court clog harms business development—decreases investment and jobs. Leahy '12

Sen. Patrick Leahy (D-VT). "Statement Of Senator Patrick Leahy On The Nominations Of Mary Elizabeth Phillips To The Western District Of Missouri And Thomas Owen Rice To The Eastern District Of Washington." March 6'", 2012. 
While consensus judicial nominations are stalled without a final vote by the Senate, millions
AND
, and it slows government enforcement actions, which ultimately costs taxpayers money."

That severely weakens the economy. Post '11

Post 11 (Post, Ashley. "Frivolous Lawsuits Clogging U.S. Courts, Stalling Economic Growth." Frivolous Lawsuits Clogging U.S. Courts, Stalling Economic Growth. Inside Counsel, 22 July 2011. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.)
Americans' litigiousness and thirst for massive damages has been a boon to the legal profession
AND
development, create new jobs, and give raises and benefits to employees.

Economic decline causes extinction. Burrows '09

Burrows and Harris '09 (Mathew J. Burrows, counselor in the National Intelligence Council, PhD in European History from Cambridge University, and Jennifer Harris, a member of the NIC's Long Range Analysis Unit, April 2009 "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis" http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
AND
within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Tournament: Damus | Round: 4 | Opponent: Beckman JP | Judge: Charles Wanless

Elections DA

Clinton will win, but the race is tight

Cahn 11/2 (Emily, staff @ Policy Mic, "Presidential polls today: Nov. 2 polls show Hillary Clinton with edge over Donald Trump", https://mic.com/articles/158313/presidential-polls-today-nov-2-polls-show-hillary-clinton-with-edge-over-donald-trump~~#.AEH45j0VX)**
Less than a week out from Election Day, Hillary Clinton maintains her lead over
AND
Clinton still has an advantage with six days to go until Election Day.

Repeal of qualified immunity creates fears of violent crime and a chilling effect on law enforcement – FBI specifically opposes

Wright 15 (Sam, public interest lawyer, "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity", http://abovethelaw.com/2015/11/want-to-fight-police-misconduct-reform-qualified-immunity/)**
Before getting into what Campaign Zero is proposing and why their proposal ought to include
AND
them from holding those officers accountable is not democracy. It is fascism."

That's a winning issue for Trump

Zeitz 16 (Josh, 7/18, politics and history @ Cambridge, "How Trump Is Recycling Nixon's 'Law and Order' Playbook", www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/donald-trump-law-and-order-richard-nixon-crime-race-214066~#ixzz4P0p4CFd3)
Today, the law and order rhetoric is back. The crime interestingly, is
AND
that doesn't exist. But Donald Trump is just that sort of salesman.

Policy focus is critical to perceptions of stability – Reassures moderates to vote for Trump

Lemire 11/2 (Jonathan, staff @ Courier Times, "Race tightening, Trump goes hard after 'Obamacare' in Montgomery County", http://www.buckscountycouriertimes.com/news/local/election/race-tightening-trump-goes-hard-after-obamacare-in-montgomery-county/article_badb98f8-a103-11e6-ab2b-d743ea07b64a.html)**
For Trump, the day's appearance marked a sharp shift from his standard brash tone
AND
voters would not forget Trump's most damaging moments six days before the election.

The race is tight; final campaign and messaging opportunities mean now is the key time

Ballhaus 11/3 (Rebecca, staff @ Wall St. Jnl, "US election: Trump and Clinton switch tactics as race tightens", http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/us-election-trump-and-clinton-switch-tactics-as-race-tightens/news-story/eb9e658787e033947298c9572040e951)**
With polls showing a tightening in the presidential race, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump
AND
over two days starting overnight, and making two stops in North Carolina.

Merely tightening the polls cranks the economy – Investors are on the brink; we can win this disad independent of uq ow's the link arg's

RTE 11/2 (Russia Today – Euro edition, "Tightening US election race causes market jitters", http://www.rte.ie/news/2016/1102/828737-us-election-2016/)**
As Democrat Hillary Clinton and Republican Donald Trump pushed their closing arguments ahead of next
AND
lead to a more dovish stance from the Fed in the months ahead.

Economic decline causes extinction. Burrows '09

Burrows and Harris '09 (Mathew J. Burrows, counselor in the National Intelligence Council, PhD in European History from Cambridge University, and Jennifer Harris, a member of the NIC's Long Range Analysis Unit, April 2009 "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis" http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)**
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
AND
within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Tournament: Damus | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake Anjee Feng | Judge: Thomas Angus

Legalism K

The legal system is fundamentally flawed—the law is seen as necessary and perfect, but allows for oppression and suffering. Shortcomings of laws cannot be solved with minor adjustments—they grant legitimacy to a flawed system. Gordon '87:

Robert W. Gordon, Professor of Law at Stanford University. "Unfreezing Legal Reality: Critical Approaches to Law", Florida State University Law Review (15 Fla. St. U.L. Rev. 195), 1987. 
Now a central tenet of CLS work has been that the ordinary discourses of law
AND
taking collective action against evil without suffering the greater evil of despotic power. 

The history of qualified immunity court decisions shows how each attempt to create more sound civil rights litigation procedures ends up inadvertently expanding protection for police officers. Layering temporalities, creating legal time frames, and replacing bright line rules with balancing tests prove how every single immunity reform just creates larger legal indeterminacy. The affirmative simply adds onto that indeterminacy turning case. Feldman '15

Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity Leonard Feldman Hunter College, CUNY. 2015
My argument in this section is that the Supreme Court has created a legal grey
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determination of "qualified immunity," which I discuss in the next section.

SCOTUS always sides with police departments – you don't solve Eichelberger 6/22/16

Eichelberger, By Erika. "How The Supreme Court Protected Cops In Racial Bias Cases." Fusion. Fusion Media Network, 22 June 2016. Web. 31 Oct. 2016.
In 2015, more than 700 Americans were killed by the police, according to
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wrote, "The Sandoval decision virtually wiped out racial profiling litigation nationwide."

By passing the plan we increase indeterminacy which allows SCOTUS to use creative interpretations of the law to defend the police – the aff relegitimizes the government while allowing them to hide police violence and make it more insidious

The Aff's appeal to civil liberties is a façade that only furthers the state's biopolitical control over the population—destroys rights and turns case. Anders '13

Anders 13, Abram Anders is an Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota Duluth, nearest date given is 2013, "Foucault and "the Right to Life": From Technologies of Normalization to Societies of Control," http://dsq-sds.org/article/view/3340/3268**, NN
The essential and unavoidable problem with rights discourse is that it appeals to a liberal
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functional impairment as an essential pre-condition for legal findings about disability."

Legal reforms hurt social justice– starting from the perspective of legal solutions forecloses the political imaginary and hampers radical solutions—turns the aff Kandaswamy '12

Kandaswamy 12 (Priya Kandaswamy; Associate Professor Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies; "THE OBLIGATIONS OF FREEDOM AND THE LIMITS OF LEGAL EQUALITY" SOUTHWESTERN LAW REVIEW Vol. 41, pg 265, 1/21/2012)
Despite a vast array of critiques that have elucidated the ways in which the U
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could look like and locate legal interventions in relation to this broader vision. 

The alternative is a counter-reading of the harms of the 1AC. We REFUSE their faith in policy stories.  Legalism underpins the violence of empire and creates the conditions of possibility for liberal violence. Dossa '99

Dossa '99 Shiraz, Department of Political Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, "Liberal Legalism: Law, Culture and Identity," The European Legacy, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 73-87,1
No discipline in the rationalized arsenal of modernity is as rational, impartial, objective
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liberal law but the juridically and humanly inferior Other, the perpetual foreigner.

We ought to prioritize movements for deconstructive resistance over blind faith in legal studies. Only the alt can effectively contest domestic cultures of violence. Hirst '15

Hirst '15 (Aggie ~She~, Lecturer in International Politics @ City University London, "Derrida and Political Resistance: The Radical Potential of Deconstruction" Globalizations, Vol. 12.1)
There are many manifestations of the practical consequences of deconstructive resistance across a range of
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commitments, dealing with difference in terms and contexts other than the familiar.