Tournament: St Marks | Round: 2 | Opponent: Greenhill BZ | Judge: Aisha Bawany
Attempting to combat nuclear power through the state reproduces capitalism and patriarchy- the alternative is to allow nuclear production but move it out of the hands of the state. She’s going to say that corporations are the problem not the state – I say that they’re one in the same. I solve 100 by putting nuclear power in the hands of small local activist groups.
Bowling writes: Bowling, Jill. Martin, Brian. Honorary professional fellow at the University of Wollongong, Australia Plumwood, Val. Watson, Ian. "Strategy Against Nuclear Power." Social Alternatives, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1986. RP
Local groups. The obvious place to begin constructing a politics which is decentralised, 

AND

dominance relations, local groups can empower women and help to undermine patriarchy.

Prioritizing democracy frameworks  re-entrenches the link – they’re sustaining the capitalist system through the state. Zizek ‘2K
Zizek, 2k1("Repeating Lenin" Professor of Philosophy at the University of Ljubljana, Slavoj Zizek)
What are we to say to this? Again, the problem resides in the 

AND

-democratic "post-ideological" consensus - or it means nothing.

This model makes the aff’s social model economically and ecologically unsustainable. The flawed nexus between society and nature guarantees an unending series of financial bubbles and environmental destruction- the alternative is the rise of an environmental working class that breaks down hegemonic structures and capitalism
Foster 13 – John Bellamy Foster, Professor of Sociology at the University of Oregon, Editor of the Monthly Review, holds a Ph.D. from York University, 2013 ("The Epochal Crisis," Monthly Review, Volume 65, Issue 05 (October), Accessed on 7/18/2014 from http://monthlyreview.org/2013/10/01/epochal-crisis)
It is an indication of the sheer enormity of the historical challenge confronting humanity in 

AND

humanity thus rests as never before on the revolutionary struggle of humanity itself.

Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart DD | Judge: Rodrigo Paramo
CP Text: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought to ban handguns on campus
-
Competition
Campus Carry qualifies explicitly under the courts definition of constitutionally protected speech because it conveys a clear message
Blanchfield 14’
“What do Guns Say?” - The New York Times May 4 2014 - Patrick Blanchfield is a freelance writer with at a PhD in Comparative Literature from Emory University, and has completed four years of coursework in psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice at the Emory Psychoanalytic Institute. He does critical writing on US culture, gun violence and politics AC
Earlier this month...that’s not going to happen.”
-
Guns are a form of symbolic free speech protected by the first amendment: Law Review Proves
McGoldrick 08
“Symbolic Speech: A message from Mind to Mind” Oklahoma Law Review Volume 61 Spring 2008 Number 1  - James M McGoldrick Jr. is a professor of law at Pepperdine law Prior to beginning his career as a law professor, Professor McGoldrick worked for the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice and as a trial attorney for the Tulare County Legal Services. During his over forty-year career at Pepperdine School of Law, he served eight years as associate dean for academics. AC  
And then there is mere conduct that...protection of the freedom of expression.

Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 4 | Opponent: Interlake MW | Judge: John Scoggins
Most college campuses are prohibiting campus carry in the squo
Anderson 16 (Nick Anderson – Washington Post, “If You Want to Carry a Gun on Campus, These States Say Yes”, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2016/01/27/if-you-want-to-carry-a-gun-on-campus-these-states-say-yes/?utm_term=.a7fb4735acfd, EmmieeM)
Debate continues to boil in Texas... South Carolina and Tennessee.
-
Campus Carry qualifies explicitly under the courts definition of constitutionally protected speech because it conveys a clear message
Blanchfield 14’
“What do Guns Say?” - The New York Times May 4 2014 - Patrick Blanchfield is a freelance writer with at a PhD in Comparative Literature from Emory University, and has completed four years of coursework in psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice at the Emory Psychoanalytic Institute. He does critical writing on US culture, gun violence and politics AC 

Earlier this month...that’s not going to happen.”
-
Campus carry is associated with increasing rates of assault, aggressiveness, a chilling effect, and permit background checks don’t check
PHW 14 (Public Health Watch 14, https://publichealthwatch.wordpress.com/2014/03/10/point-blank-guns-dont-belong-on-college-campuses-heres-why/, EmmieeM)
In the wake of tragic shootings ...students, universities and ultimately, the nation.
-
Guns on campus are a symbolic political tool to assert dominance over minorities and maintain status quo hierarchies
Kautzer 15
Kautzer Chad. Good Guys with Guns: From Popular Sovereignty to Self-Defensive Subjectivity. Law Critique (2015) 26:173–187 DOI 10.1007/s10978-015-9156-x. April 8, 2015. Chad Kautzer is a Philosophy Proffessor at Lehigh University Last year he was a Visiting Research Scholar in the Philosophy Department at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and has twice held fellowships at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat in Germany. His specialization areas are Critical Theory; Philosophy of Law and Right; Social and Political Philosophy; Race and Gender Theory; Marxism; and Hegel.
AC
My students bring guns ...subjugating violence beyond the law.

Tournament: None | Round: 1 | Opponent: None | Judge: None
Email: 19nehat@students.harker.org
Anything on srivatsav or emmiee's wikis is fair game

Tournament: CPS | Round: 2 | Opponent: Torrey Pines JC | Judge: Daniel Park
The media hype regarding hate crimes doesn’t see the full picture-Overall hate crimes are down in recent years. Bennett ‘16
Samuel Bennett. The State of Hate, in the US. 2016. http://www.samuelwbennett.com/the-state-of-hate/
This 2nd Annual State of Hate analysis has uncovered ...one or more hate crime reports.
Allowing racist speech encourages hate crimes—the causality is empirically verified. Katel ‘9
Katel 9 (Peter, staff writer @ CQ Researcher, “Hate Groups”, https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/news/Hate.pdf?n=1599)
There is also hard evidence to back up the link between demonization ...longer.
College age and profiles makes it a key breeding ground for hate groups—it’s the core demographic. SPLC ‘2k
SPLC 2k (Southern Poverty Law Center, “COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES SEE INCREASE IN HATE CRIMES”, https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2000/colleges-and-universities-see-increase-hate-crimes)
While these kinds of attacks seem incredible to many...some students act in ugly ways.
Two Impacts: A) Race war in America. Alexander 12/2
Alexander 12/2 (Dean, professor/director of the Homeland Security Research Program at Western Illinois University, “Domestic Extremist Threats Face Trump Admin”, http://www.hstoday.us/briefings/daily-news-analysis/single-article/special-domestic-extremist-threats-face-trump-admin/ddfd86597d91bfa41f5cc394a795c499.html)
The term domestic extremism means individuals or groups...to kill police in Trussville, Alabama.
That is an independent impact that must be rejected on face. Challenging racism is a prior ethical question. Memmi ‘2k
Memmi 2k MEMMI Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ Unv. Of Paris Albert-; RACISM, translated by Steve Martinot, pp.163-165
The struggle against racism will be long, difficult...the stakes are irresistible.

B) Causes terrorism- Growing hate groups risk terrorism – US linkages are key. Holloway 11/18
Holloway 11/18 (Kali, staff @ AlterNet, in Salon, “Feeling validated by Donald Trump’s win, German hate groups team up with right-wing American hate groups”, http://www.salon.com/2016/11/18/german-hate-groups-are-teaming-up-with-right-wing-american-hate-groups-feeling-validated-by-trump_partner/)
Throughout his campaign, Donald Trump exploited existing racist and xenophobic sentiments...if they exist, and to prevent any attacks.”
Currently, the biggest terrorist threat to the US is white supremacist lone wolves --- they kill more Americans than jihadists and show more desire to use WMDs
Blair 14 (Charles P. Blair, Senior Fellow on State and Non-State Threats for the Federation of American Scientists who teaches classes on terrorism and WMD technology at John Hopkins University and George Mason University, “Looking clearly at right-wing terrorism,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 9 June 2014, http://thebulletin.org/looking-clearly-right-wing-terrorism7232, *fc)
Five years ago the US Department of Homeland Security’s Homeland Environment ...neither should it be suppressed for political or ideological reasons. 

Dispersion of technology enables lone wolf terrorists to access chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons (CBURNs) – the impact will be mass casualties and unprecedented disruption of financial and social systems
Ackerman and Pinson 14 Gary A. ,Director of the Special Projects Division at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), University of Maryland, Lauren E., Senior Research/Project Manager at START and PhD student at Yale University, “An Army of One: Assessing CBRN Pursuit and Use by Lone Wolves and Autonomous Cells,” Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2014
The first question to answer is whence the concerns about the nexus...influence the weapon selection of lone actor jihadists in Western nations. 19

Tournament: GB | Round: 2 | Opponent: GB | Judge: Shania Hunt
CP text- The United States Congress should do the plan.
Only Congress solves- courts cannot create change, and unpopular decisions go unenforced. Berenji ‘8
Berenji 8 (Shahin Berenji, magna cum laude, political science at USC, 08, “The US Supreme Court: A “Follower, Not a Leader” of Social Change”, http://www.lurj.org/article.php/vol3n1/supreme.xml)
Lacking either government or popular support, however, the Court's decision was not enforced, demonstrating the Court's inability to stymie change without majority consensus. As President Andrew Jackson jokingly stated, “Chief Justice John Marshall has made his decision…now let him enforce it…” (Burner 310). Consequently, without the protection of the Supreme Court's decision, the Indian population, including the Cherokees, Chickasaw, and Choctaw, were forced to migrate westward along the “trail of tears” by federal and/or state governments (Burner 310). This mass exodus of Indians caused an estimated ten thousand deaths which caused some to rename the “the trail of tears” (as it had been called), “the trail of death” (Burner 311). This example truly illustrates the Supreme Court's incapability of implementing decisions without societal support. More importantly, it shows how “words are not action,” meaning that force is necessary for the implementation of Court precedents (Rosenberg 18). The blatant demonstration of the Court's inability to forcefully implement change set up a judicial trend to support the tendencies of the majority. According to Robert Dahl, the Court adopted the position of keeping their decisions in line “with the policy views dominant among the lawmaking majorities 3 Congress and the President... “ (285). Thus, the decision-making powers of the Supreme Court evolved “to confer legitimacy on the fundamental policies of the successful coalition” (Dahl 294).  Therefore, from Worcester vs. Georgia, the Supreme Court learned to coordinate its decisions in line with national opinion. As significant issues of social reform generally trigger opposition, the Court learned to align itself with the majority to facilitate the implementation and enforcement of its policies. Moreover, alignment with the majority inadvertently helped confer strength, respect, and legitimacy to the Supreme Court. According to Robert Dahl, “this legitimacy the Court jeopardizes if it flagrantly opposes the major policies of the dominant alliance” (293). However, since the Worcester vs. Georgia case, “such a course of action has been one in which the Court will not normally be tempted to engage” (Dahl 293). For instance, since 1935, seventy-five percent of the Court's decisions have been in support of the majority, indicative of the Court's passivity at opposing society (Rosenberg 13). More recently, sixty-five percent of the Court's decisions have been well supported by the majority of people within the United States, indicative of just how the Court's decisions have been decided in favor of popular or majority opinion (2000 Gallup Poll). In this way, then, the Court's decisions have become relatively predictable, unimportant, and insignificant since its precedents merely reinforce the ideas or opinions that are already prevalent within society. In addition, because the Court's decisions typically reflect the opinions of either the lawmaking or the national majority, it fails to challenge the beliefs or the principles of society. And so, the Court's inability to adjudicate decisions in opposition to the majority prevents it from protecting the rights of minorities and from becoming a true proponent of social change. While many people believe the Court's progressive decisions on civil right issues have been a general exception to this common pattern, those decisions were also fomented by national opinion. 

Only the CP solves – Courts cannot create social change; they can only reinforce existing ideals. Berenji ‘8
Berenji 8 (Shahin Berenji, magna cum laude, political science at USC, 08, “The US Supreme Court: A “Follower, Not a Leader” of Social Change”, http://www.lurj.org/article.php/vol3n1/supreme.xml)
In the United States, the Supreme Court is the highest appellate court or legal institution that can define or interpret the rule of law. According to associate justice Felix Frankfurter, 1 “the Court breathes life, feeble or strong, into the inert pages of the Constitution and the statute books” (Dahl 280). Yet, to consider the Court strictly as a legal institution is to underestimate its significance since the Court must also decide on controversial matters of national policy. In this sense, the Court is a “political institution” that must solve societal disagreements that cannot be “found in or deduced from precedent, statute, and Constitution” (Dahl 281). Nevertheless, although it issues decisions on controversial and divisive matters, the Supreme Court cannot be said to catalyze social change for it utilizes societal and governmental opinion as the medium to interpret, apply, and implement public policy, thus “following, not leading” the United States.  Because of its inability to initiate decisions, the Supreme Court has implemented landmark policies usually based upon societal legal challenges. 

Congress never upholds Supreme Court decisions – only the counterplan solves- history proves. Slocum ‘7
Slocum 7 (Brian, Assistant Professor of Law, Florida Coastal School of Law. J.D. @  Harvard Law School, “Reforming U.S. Immigration  Policy: Courts vs. The Political Branches: Immigration "Reform" and The Battle for the Future of Immigration Law,” 5 Geo. J.L. and Pub. Pol'y 509, Lexis)
Both a decision striking down aspects of the administrative adjudication process on due process grounds and a decision requiring habeas corpus review of discretionary determinations would be consistent with the plenary power doctrine. The government does not receive the benefit of the doctrine in cases involving due process or a claim that a statute violates a structural provision of the Constitution rather than an amendment to the Constitution.83 In addition, such decisions would be relatively modest because they would allow Congress to decide substantive immigration issues, and would thus not interfere with the foreign affairs concerns underlying the plenary power doctrine.84 Of course, the judiciary would not need to make bold constitutional decisions if the political branches enacted reforms that were designed to improve the immigration system.85 As other immigration commentators have argued, Congress should reform judicial review and provide for judicial review of all aspects of a final order of deportation.86 Unfortunately, if recent history is any indication, Congress’s efforts at reform of judicial review are not likely to involve attempts to improve the judicial review process for aliens. Indeed, recent legislative proposals have included provisions that would consolidate immigration appeals in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or would provide for a screening process under which a single federal appellate judge could deny a petition for review.87
Only the counterplan solves - congress will override court decisions

Courts are bad at policymaking- they can’t cause social change, and any attempt to do so undermines legitimacy. Yoo ‘96
Yoo 96 (John Choon, professor in law and previous Dep. of Justice official, “Who Measures the Chancellor's Foot--The Inherent Remedial Authority of the Federal Courts”, Cal. L. Rev., 84, p. 1137-1138) GSK
Before I address the constitutional difficulties with the extensive use of far-reaching and invasive equitable remedies, I will examine the practical difficulties courts have experienced in managing institutions. Courts, some critics have argued, simply are functionally incapable of addressing "polycentric" problems that involve many different factors and relationships.101 Case studies have found that courts experience great difficulty in weighing policy alternatives and in calculating costs and benefits.IO3 Courts were shown to be unable to gather and to absorb the sort of sufficient, objective data required to make considered decisions.104 In terms of institutional competence, legislatures and bureaucracies appeared much better suited for these tasks. To put it differently, courts are structurally worse off than other arms of government at developing an intellectually coherent solution to social problems. While courts are expert at determining historical fact and causation, structural remedies call upon them to engage in very different activities. They must conduct social fact-finding and must discover and address the political, economic, and social factors that may have created an unconstitutional condition.1" Formulating the correct remedy requires courts to predict how the remedy will affect, and be affected by, the political, economic, and social context within which it is implemented. Courts are ill-suited for these tasks because they have little experience or facility for operating or administering complex institutions and social programs.106 Once a decree is decided upon, courts have proven ineffective at implementing their structural remedies. Courts possess only imperfect tools for communicating their decrees, and, in fact, they usually must rely upon the personnel of the institutional defendant to disseminate and to implement their orders.107 In perhaps the sharpest contrast with bureaucracies and legislatures, courts have few resources for guaranteeing compliance on the part of the defendants or for creating positive incentives to encourage adherence to judicial orders. Aside from the threat of a contempt order, courts must rely upon the moral persuasiveness of their judgments to acquire legitimacy. This highlights another deficiency in a court's ability to implement a remedy: its lack of resources for marshaling political and public support for its decrees, without which the court's efforts likely will fail.108 If courts inject themselves into the political arena, they risk undermining the impartiality and moral authority they need to persuade others to support their orders. 

A weakened Supreme Court leads to massive rights violations- Korematsu proves—turns aff. Fontana ‘02
David Fontana, 2002student of law at Yale and Oxford Universities, 2002. The Connecticut Law Review, “A Case for the Twenty-First Century Constitutional Canon: Schneiderman v. United States,” p. lexis, rwg
Most of the "greatest hits" of American wartime constitutional law--Korematsu v. United States, n150 Hirabayashi v. United States, n151 and Ex parte McCardle n152 --all involved the Supreme Court caving to political pressure and approving restrictions on civil liberties, in a manner that made courts seem weak and unable to protect civil liberties.More recently, the case of Ex parte Quirin n153 has received substantial attention and has therefore been added to this greatest hits list of American wartime constitutional law, despite the fact that this case might be the most embarrassing example of courts caving to political pressure during wartime. n154 These cases are not usually presented in constitutional law casebooks, and when they do appear in casebooks they are not yoked together n155 with cases demonstrating courts standing up to political pressure and protecting civil liberties in a time of war.The above mentioned cases are painful reminders that, in times of war, courts often do not protect citizens against incursions on civil  *66  liberties and act in ways that we often later regret. n156

Tournament: GB | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lakeville South EH | Judge: Shania Hunt
Legalism
The use of greater legal reform creates legal grey holes—piecemeal reform is legal legitimation without meaningful legal constrains; that’s terminal defense to the AFF. Feldman ‘15
Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity Leonard Feldman Hunter College, CUNY. 2015
The advantage of Dyzenhaus’ “legal grey holes” concept over the concept of “sovereign prerogative” is that it leaves open two possibilities... due process, reasonableness and equality.

The history of qualified immunity court decisions shows how each attempt to create more sound civil rights litigation procedures ends up inadvertently expanding protection for police officers. Feldman ‘15
Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity Leonard Feldman Hunter College, CUNY. 2015
My argument in this section is that the Supreme Court has created a legal grey hole in the civil rights civil litigation area through time: I mean time in (at least) two ways: ...courts’ determination of “qualified immunity,” which I discuss in the next section.

The Aff’s appeal to civil liberties is a façade that only furthers the state’s biopolitical control over the population—destroys rights and turns case. Anders ‘13
Anders 13, Abram Anders is an Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota Duluth, nearest date given is 2013, “Foucault and "the Right to Life": From Technologies of Normalization to Societies of Control,” http://dsq-sds.org/article/view/3340/3268, NN
The essential and unavoidable problem with rights discourse is that it appeals to a liberal...situation of capital.

The alternative is a counter-reading of the harms of the 1AC. Dossa ‘99
Dossa ’99 Shiraz, Department of Political Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, “Liberal Legalism: Law, Culture and Identity,” The European Legacy, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 73-87,1
No discipline in the rationalized arsenal of modernity is as rational, ...the perpetual foreigner.

We ought to prioritize movements for deconstructive resistance over blind faith in legal studies. Only the alt can effectively contest domestic cultures of violence. Hirst ‘15
Hirst ‘15 (Aggie She, Lecturer in International Politics @ City University London, “Derrida and Political Resistance: The Radical Potential of Deconstruction” Globalizations, Vol. 12.1)
There are many manifestations of the practical consequences ... terms and contexts other than the familiar.

Tournament: None | Round: 1 | Opponent: None | Judge: None
The only viable energy sources we currently have other than nuclear are fossil fuels – renewable shift is possible, but natural gas will have to be used as a bridge
Smil 15 (Vaclav Smil – Distinguished Professor Emeritus who has published over 37 books and works in interdisciplinary research in areas such as energy, environment, and public policy. He has been a consultant for several international organizations and is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Canada, which is a science academy. “Natural Gas: Fuel for the 21st Century”, http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1119012864.html, pg. x, EmmieeM)
To many forward-looking energy experts, this may seem to be a strangely
AND
thorough understanding of requirements, benefits, and challenges of natural gas ascendance. 

Renewables require back-up due to intermittency – natural gas industry will expand in conjunction with renewables
Trembath et al 13 (Alex, policy analyst in the Energy and Climate Program at Breakthrough Institute, where he researches and writes about renewable energy technologies, American federal energy policy and the history of public investments in technological innovation, and Max Luke, policy associate in the Energy and Climate Program at Breakthrough, where his research focused on a range of energy issues and topics including nuclear power, natural gas, renewables, energy efficiency rebound and backfire, national energy subsidies, and electricity systems, with Michael Shellenberger and Ted Nordhaus, “Coal Killer: How Natural Gas Fuels the Clean Energy Revolution”, http://thebreakthrough.org/images/main_image/Breakthrough_Institute_Coal_Killer.pdf)
Gas-fired power provides cheap, low-carbon, and flexible backup support
AND
power sources and can ramp as fast as 100 MW per minute.97

Natural gas is key to Russian expansionism – they hold a monopoly on the global LNG market
Hermant, 14  (ABC's Moscow correspondent from 2010-13. He returned in March 2014 to cover the Ukraine crisis from Moscow and Kiev. (Norman, “Russia's natural gas is Vladimir Putin's political and economical weapon,” ABC Australia, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-04-16/natural-gas-is-putins-political-and-economical-weapon/5394030) IS
For Vladimir Putin, natural gas is not just a resource. It is an
AND
it seem like energy from Russia is simply part of the European fabric.

Russian expansionism triggers multiple scenarios for extinction
Blank 9,( strategic Studies Institute's expert on the Soviet bloc and the post-Soviet world since 1989; former Associate Professor of Soviet Studies at the Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education, Maxwell Air Force Base; B.A. in History from the University of Pennsylvania, and a M.A. and Ph.D. in History from the University of Chicago, March. “RUSSIA AND ARMS CONTROL: ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION?”  
Proliferators or nuclear states like China and Russia can then deter regional or intercontinental attacks
AND
perhaps make wars of aggression on their neighbors or their own people.172

Tournament: St Marks | Round: 5 | Opponent: Kinkaid JG | Judge: Paul Gravley
Space colonization not possible without nuclear energy – it’s the only source of energy that’s long-lasting and reliable enough to support a flight
Suciu 12 (Peter Suciu – Tech News Agency, “Nuclear Power Could Blast Humans Into Deep Space”, http://www.technewsworld.com/story/76699.html, NT)
Although progress in manned space exploration beyond Earth's orbit is not progressing at light speed... the one proposed would make such dreams more feasible."
Colonization is the only way for humans to survive
Baum 10 (Seth D., Ph.D in Geography from Pennsylvania State University and M.S. in Electrical Engineering from Northeastern University and scholar at Columbia University's Center for Research on Environmental Decisions, “Cost–Benefit Analysis Of Space Exploration: Some Ethical Considerations”, Space Policy Volume 25, Issue 2, May, pg 75-80, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964609000198)
Another non-market benefit of space exploration is reduction in the risk... most cost-effective means of increasing the probability of long-term human survival.
We have already begun the sixth mass extinction – it’s try or die for space colonization and acting now is key
Hance 15 (Jeremy Hance – author and journalist focusing on climate change, “How Humans Are Driving the Sixth Mass Extinction”, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/radical-conservation/2015/oct/20/the-four-horsemen-of-the-sixth-mass-extinction, EmmieeM)
Periodically, in the vast spans of time that have preceded us, our planet’s ...crisis is being amplified by what the researchers call the technosphere.
Colonizing space is critical to preventing rampant overpopulation and environmental destruction.
THINKQUEST 07
“The Essentials: Why Space Colonization is Necessary,” http://www.tqnyc.org/2007/NYC074772//why.htm
As with all high goals and dreams, clear sight of the purpose and the motivation is essential for success. Why then, should we colonize space?...accelerate the spreading of dangerous viruses should they be released in the warfare.

Tournament: CPS | Round: 2 | Opponent: Torrey Pines JC | Judge: Daniel Park
State cuts have led tuition to spike harming the ability to students to enter college, especially those who come from low income backgrounds or are people of color – The impact is a blow to the national economy because a college degree is a crucial internal link to working in a skilled job, decreasing health care costs, and bringing greater wealth to local communities
Mitchell et al 16 (Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, “Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges”, http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up, EmmieeM)
Years of cuts in state funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition ... recession will make it more difficult to achieve those goals

The only thing keeping graduation rates stable is financial aid --- allows students to study full-time, encourages academic progress, and is the only way low-income students can afford to enroll
Johnson 14 (Hans Johnson – supported by the College Access Foundation of California and writing for the Public Policy Institute of California, “Making College Possible for Low-Income Students: Grant and Scholarship Aid in California”, http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/report/R_1014HJR.pdf, pg. 20-24, EmmieeM)
Students fail to complete college for many reasons... more likely to earn a degree if they first enroll at a four-year college. 

There’s a contradiction within government policy --- restricting free speech may be unconstitutional, but not doing so causes public colleges to lose federal funding under Title IX
Bernstein 3 (David E. Bernstein – George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law with a focus on constitutional history, “You Can’t Say That: The Growing Threat to Civil Liberties From Antidiscrimination Laws”, “Censoring Campus Speech”, https://books.google.com/books?id=zU2QAAAAQBAJandpg=PA60andlpg=PA60anddq=public+colleges+could+lose+funding+if+they+allow+for+racistsandsource=blandots=W67N5E3bznandsig=xXeBW8YaTy_Ilb34MIbu-grciy4andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiBoqTkn_nQAhVBjFQKHcc7CIkQ6AEITDAI#v=onepageandq=public20colleges20could20lose20funding20if20they20allow20for20racistsandf=false, pg. 60-61, EmmieeM)
Given these constitutional barriers, public university speech codes were on the way out ...Unfortunately, they may be right. 

Federal funding is used to maintain financial aid resources and colleges are only growing more dependent on it as state funding goes down
Pew 15 (The Pew Charitable Trusts – compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, “Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape”, http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education, EmmieeM)
States and the federal government have long ...primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions.

The impact is massive – combatting the structural barriers that prevent individuals from attending college is the main internal link to competitiveness
U.S. Department of Commerce 12 (Prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce with consultation from the National Economic Council, “The Competitiveness and Innovative Capacity in the United States”, http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/thecompetitivenessandinnovativecapacityoftheunitedstates.pdf, pgs. 2-10, EmmieeM)
Education is a key element for promoting economic growth ...in 2011–2012 was lower than in 2007–2008.21 

Competitiveness is key to US dominance – we need to keep innovating faster to ensure economic prosperity and hegemony
Segal 04 – Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations
Adam, Foreign Affairs, “Is America Losing Its Edge?” November / December 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20041101facomment83601/adam-segal/is-america-losing-its-edge.html
The United States' global primacy depends in large part on its ability to develop new technologies and industries...United States must get better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home.

Loss of competitiveness results in great power conflict—retrenchment makes war inevitable and ensures the US would be dragged in – that causes your heg bad impacts so it’s try or die for the disad
Khalilzad 11 — Zalmay Khalilzad, Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, served as the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush, served as the director of policy planning at the Defense Department during the Presidency of George H.W. Bush, holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, 2011 (“The Economy and National Security,” National Review, February 8th, Available Online at http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/print/259024, Accessed 02-08-2011)
Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to the United States’ position as global leader... new, dangerous era of multi-polarity.