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Cites
Entry
Date
Cap K
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX Recognizing that the epistemology of capitalism manipulates our understanding of policy is a pre-condition to evaluating the resolution through moral fameworks. Marsh 95,
Marsh 95- Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, PhD from Northwestern University (James, Critique Action and Liberation, p 331-2) Is it reasonable, therefore, even to talk about the possibility of a socialism AND move on. Recent events in eastern Europe only confirm such a judgment. Neoliberalism structures academic freedom in the status quo. It sets limits on what is acceptable behavior to quell dissent and any facult truly radical enough to challenge corporate hegemony are tossed out before they can pose a real threat. Chatterjee and Maira 14
Chatterjee, Piya, and Sunaina Maira. "The Imperial University: race, war, and the nation-state." The imperial university: Academic repression and scholarly dissent (2014): 1-50. Our geopolitical positions—of our immediate workplaces as well as trans- national work AND of labor and survival within the U.S. university system.11 Free speech is an illusion propagated by corporatists – their model of rights assumes an equal playing field analogous to free market economists view of capital. The promotion of free speech perpetuates the idea that speech is a commodity, which strengthens neoliberalism's hold on the academy. Brown 15
Brown, Wendy. Undoing the demos: Neoliberalism's stealth revolution. MIT Press, 2015. At times, kennedy raises the pitch in Citizens United to depict limits on corporate AND warring forces parallel to those of government and capital in a neoliberal economy. This turns the case – the commodification of speech reflects the capitalist illusion of freedom. It makes speech meaningless and kills value to life. Smith '14
R.C. Smith April 24, 2014 "POWER, CAPITAL and THE RISE OF THE MASS SURVEILLANCE STATE: ON THE ABSENCE OF DEMOCRACY, ETHICS, DISENCHANTMENT and CRITICAL THEORY" Heathwood Institute and Press http://www.heathwoodpress.com/power-capital-the-rise-of-the-mass-surveillance-state-on-the-absence-of-democracy-ethics-disenchantment-critical-theory/ JJN from file One pressing issue, moreover, is that majority of the popular movements that have AND which produces and reproduces the epistemic context of its own validity.13 The ballot represents a choice between competing visions of social change – elevating the aff above the individual endorsement of the aff debater is false. The debate round represents competing strategies for social change: the question is not who does the alt or plan, but of a world without capitalism vs. the affirmative. Agency questions are irrelevant—we don't have to win the alternative spills over, just that rejection in this round is comparatively better than the aff—any other evaluation makes no sense because the judge isn't in a position to do the aff either. Critiquing assumptions is the best way to leverage change.
Reinsborough, 03 (Organizer, Rainforest Action Network and Wake Up America Campaign) 03 (Journal of Aesthetics and Protest, August 2003, Volume 1, Issue 2, Patrick). Direct action— actions that either symbolically or directly shift power relations— is an AND find the rumors that start revolutions and ask the questions that topple empires. Our critique independently outweighs the case - neoliberalism causes extinction and massive social inequalities – the affs single issue legalistic solution is the exact kind of politics neolib wants us to engage in so the root cause to go unquestioned. Farbod 15
( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) Global capitalism is the 800-pound gorilla. The twin ecological and economic crises AND enhancing natural and social systems will soon reach a point of no return.
2/4/17
Lay Neg
Tournament: Sixth Annual Robert Garcia Invitational | Round: 2 | Opponent: Fremont VS | Judge: The government is obligated to protect citizen interest. Goodin 95 Robert E. Goodin. Philosopher of Political Theory, Public Policy, and Applied Ethics. Utilitarianism as a Public Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 1995. p. 26-7 Utilitarianism is axiomatically true because value stems from experienced wellbeing. Harris 10 Sam Harris 2010. CEO Project Reason; PHD UCLA Neuroscience; BA Stanford Philosophy. The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values.” Nuclear power is key to the economy. NEI 16 NEI, 2016, the Nuclear Energy Institute is an organization dedicated to giving information about nuclear technology. "Nuclear Power Plants Benefit State and Local Economies," Nuclear Energy Institute, http://www.nei.org/Master-Document-Folder/Backgrounders/Fact-Sheets/Nuclear-Power-Plants-Contribute-Significantly-to-S Subpoint A: Nuclear power substantially increases U.S. jobs. NEI 14 Nuclear Energy Institute, April 2014, the Nuclear Energy Institute is an organization dedicated to giving information about nuclear technology. “Nuclear Energy’s Economic Benefits — Current and Future,” Nuclear Energy Institute, http://www.nei.org/corporatesite/media/filefolder/policy/papers/jobs.pdf Subpoint B: Nuclear production is key to the industry of many countries and produces electricity that supports the global economy. Henríquez, 08 The Importance of Nuclear Energy in the Global Economy, By: Silverio Henríquez A. - PhD, ChE (Chemical/Environmental Engineering) Technical Expert. Accreditation/Certification Alternate Energy System, January 2008 Nuclear power plants will be replaced by fossil fuels, not renewables Conca 16 James Conca, 5-16-2016, "Natural Gas," Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2016/05/16/natural-gas-is-replacing-nuclear-power-not-renewables/#2ec93cfc4abb Coal plants pose greater health risks than nuclear plants Hvistendahl 07 Mara Hvistendahl, 12-13-2007, "Coal Ash Is More Radioactive Than Nuclear Waste," Scientific American, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/coal-ash-is-more-radioactive-than-nuclear-waste/ (lots of scientific details in the non-underlined portions in case you’re curious) Coal exacerbates warming TWC 14 (“Black as Coal”, http://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/Coal-Mining-Effects-on-the-Environment) Warming would be catastrophic for our environment. Roberts 13 (citing the World Bank Review’s compilation of climate studies) (David, “If you aren’t alarmed about climate, you aren’t paying attention” http://grist.org/climate-energy/climate-alarmism-the-idea-is-surreal/ January 10 mtc) Warming outweighs and turns all of their impacts Herzog 2016 - Citing a World Economic Forum Survey Katie, "Surprise, surprise: Climate change is risky business", Jan 14, grist.org/climate-energy/surprise-surprise-climate-change-is-risky-business/?utm_source=syndicationandutm_medium=rssandutm_campaign=feedgrist
Tournament: 0 | Round: 1 | Opponent: None | Judge: None Because states are legal fictions created for a scheme of social cooperation, obligations of states must derive from the people’s condition in the state of nature and the conditions that allow for the authority of the state. Pre-government people have an innate right to independence. First, all moral obligations must derive from reason, since it is necessarily an authoritative basis for action. Velleman 6 David. Self To Self. Cambridge University Press. 2006. Pg 18-19 a) It would require government confiscation of power plants funded by private companies, which compose almost all of Belgiums reactors – violates ownership rights. World Nuclear 16 (“Nuclear Power in Belgium” March 2016, http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/belgium.aspx. | SP) No offense – relations don’t solve anything that both nations can’t solve alone Daalder 3 (Ivo H., Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy Studies – Brookings Institution, Survival, 45(2), Summer, p. 147) The EU is committed to a relationship with China – bolstering US-EU ties negates that relationship and forces the EU away from China Cabestan 6 – Jean-Pierre, French Expert on China, Director of Research @ National Centre for Scientific Research, 2006 (“ EUROPEAN UNION-CHINA RELATIONS AND THE UNITED STATES,” Asian Perspectives, Vol 30, No 4, http://www.asianperspective.org/articles/v30n4-b.pdf) The EU has to choose between China and the US – tightening the transatlantic alliance forces Europe to repudiate Chinese support. Partners and Rivals: The EU and China, Hannes Hanso , http://www.icds.ee/fileadmin/failid/Hannes_Hanso_-_Partners_and_Rivals_-_The_EU_and_China.pdf.pdf Close EU-Chinese ties guarantee a cooperative global order – that solves global challenges and averts extinction Grant 8 Charles Grant, Director of the Centre for European Reform, 2008 (“Europe Must Build a Strategic Alliance with China,” June 9, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/66374b00-35bc-11dd-998d-0000779fd2ac.html#axzz1Sw4KI8TI) Failure to complete the transition to multilateralism places human survival at risk Masciulli 11—Professor of Political Science @ St Thomas University Joseph Masciulli, “The Governance Challenge for Global Political and Technoscientific Leaders in an Era of Globalization and Globalizing Technologies,” Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society February 2011 vol. 31 no. 1 pg. 3-5
10/8/16
Neg
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX DB Elections Dems will win the Senate; Comey makes it close (win IL, WI, PA, and MO)
Taylor 11/1 (Jessica, staff @ NPR, "Control of the Senate: Democrats have many paths to a majority", https://www.mprnews.org/story/2016/11/02/npr-democrats-path-senate-majority)** A week away from Election Day, Democrats still have multiple paths to winning back AND almost everything to go right for them in order for that to happen. Repeal of qualified immunity creates fears of violent crime and a chilling effect on law enforcement – FBI specifically opposes
Wright 15 (Sam, public interest lawyer, "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity", http://abovethelaw.com/2015/11/want-to-fight-police-misconduct-reform-qualified-immunity/)** Before getting into what Campaign Zero is proposing and why their proposal ought to include AND them from holding those officers accountable is not democracy. It is fascism." That's a winning issue for Trump
Zeitz 16 (Josh, 7/18, politics and history @ Cambridge, "How Trump Is Recycling Nixon's 'Law and Order' Playbook", www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/donald-trump-law-and-order-richard-nixon-crime-race-214066#ixzz4P0p4CFd3) Today, the law and order rhetoric is back. The crime interestingly, is AND that doesn't exist. But Donald Trump is just that sort of salesman. And, Senate control key to CTBT – That stops prolif
Hastings 16 (Sam, 8/19, staff @ Joplin Independent, "Easy solution for ridding gridlock", http://www.joplinindependent.com/ display_article.php/hastings1471634838) The US Senate is up for grabs. Republicans hold 54 seats but 34 senate AND where their peer competitors started testing nukes too. Then, the boom. Norm erosion coming; causes escalatory nuclear use – Only CTBT solves
Robinson 9/1 (Kathy, Senior Public Policy Director for the WAND Education Fund, a national nonprofit that educates public and opinion leaders about the need to reduce violence and militarism, "Senate should support efforts against nuclear tests", http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/294087-senate-should-support-efforts-to-against-nuclear-tests)** In this geopolitical environment, we cannot afford to be unclear about the global norm AND when thinking of a particular example, like India and Pakistan for instance.
11/6/16
Neg
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX Legalism K The legal system is fundamentally flawed—the law is seen as necessary and perfect, but allows for oppression and suffering. Shortcomings of laws cannot be solved with minor adjustments—they grant legitimacy to a flawed system. Gordon '87:
Robert W. Gordon, Professor of Law at Stanford University. "Unfreezing Legal Reality: Critical Approaches to Law", Florida State University Law Review (15 Fla. St. U.L. Rev. 195), 1987. Now a central tenet of CLS work has been that the ordinary discourses of law AND taking collective action against evil without suffering the greater evil of despotic power. The history of qualified immunity court decisions shows how each attempt to create more sound civil rights litigation procedures ends up inadvertently expanding protection for police officers. Layering temporalities, creating legal time frames, and replacing bright line rules with balancing tests prove how every single immunity reform just creates larger legal indeterminacy. The affirmative simply adds onto that indeterminacy turning case. Feldman '15
Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity Leonard Feldman Hunter College, CUNY. 2015 My argument in this section is that the Supreme Court has created a legal grey AND determination of "qualified immunity," which I discuss in the next section. The Aff's appeal to civil liberties is a façade that only furthers the state's biopolitical control over the population—destroys rights and turns case. Anders '13
Anders 13, Abram Anders is an Assistant Professor, University of Minnesota Duluth, nearest date given is 2013, "Foucault and "the Right to Life": From Technologies of Normalization to Societies of Control," http://dsq-sds.org/article/view/3340/3268**, NN The essential and unavoidable problem with rights discourse is that it appeals to a liberal AND functional impairment as an essential pre-condition for legal findings about disability." Legal reforms hurt social justice– starting from the perspective of legal solutions forecloses the political imaginary and hampers radical solutions—turns the aff Kandaswamy '12
Kandaswamy 12 (Priya Kandaswamy; Associate Professor Women's, Gender and Sexuality Studies; "THE OBLIGATIONS OF FREEDOM AND THE LIMITS OF LEGAL EQUALITY" SOUTHWESTERN LAW REVIEW Vol. 41, pg 265, 1/21/2012) Despite a vast array of critiques that have elucidated the ways in which the U AND could look like and locate legal interventions in relation to this broader vision. The alternative is a counter-reading of the harms of the 1AC. We REFUSE their faith in policy stories. Legalism underpins the violence of empire and creates the conditions of possibility for liberal violence. Dossa '99
Dossa '99 Shiraz, Department of Political Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, "Liberal Legalism: Law, Culture and Identity," The European Legacy, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 73-87,1 No discipline in the rationalized arsenal of modernity is as rational, impartial, objective AND liberal law but the juridically and humanly inferior Other, the perpetual foreigner. We ought to prioritize movements for deconstructive resistance over blind faith in legal studies. Only the alt can effectively contest domestic cultures of violence. Hirst '15
Hirst '15 (Aggie She, Lecturer in International Politics @ City University London, "Derrida and Political Resistance: The Radical Potential of Deconstruction" Globalizations, Vol. 12.1) There are many manifestations of the practical consequences of deconstructive resistance across a range of AND commitments, dealing with difference in terms and contexts other than the familiar.
11/6/16
Neg
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX State cuts have led tuition to spike harming the ability to students to enter college, especially those who come from low income backgrounds or are people of color – The impact is a blow to the national economy because a college degree is a crucial internal link to working in a skilled job, decreasing health care costs, and bringing greater wealth to local communities
Mitchell et al 16 (Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, "Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges", http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up, EmmieeM) Years of cuts in state funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition AND the start of the recession will make it more difficult to achieve those goals The only thing keeping graduation rates stable is financial aid —- allows students to study full-time, encourages academic progress, and is the only way low-income students can afford to enroll
Johnson 14 (Hans Johnson – supported by the College Access Foundation of California and writing for the Public Policy Institute of California, "Making College Possible for Low-Income Students: Grant and Scholarship Aid in California", http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/report/R'1014HJR.pdf, pg. 20-24, EmmieeM) Students fail to complete college for many reasons, including financial constraints. Certainly it AND earn a degree if they first enroll at a four-year college. There’s a contradiction within government policy —- restricting free speech may be unconstitutional, but not doing so causes public colleges to lose federal funding under Title IX
Pew 15 (The Pew Charitable Trusts – compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, "Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape", http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education, EmmieeM) States and the federal government have long provided substantial funding for higher education, but AND , while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions. The impact is massive – combatting the structural barriers that prevent individuals from attending college is the main internal link to competitiveness
U.S. Department of Commerce 12 (Prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce with consultation from the National Economic Council, "The Competitiveness and Innovative Capacity in the United States", http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/thecompetitivenessandinnovativecapacityoftheunitedstates.pdf, pgs. 2-10, EmmieeM) Education is a key element for promoting economic growth and increasing the innovative capacity of AND schools in 2011–2012 was lower than in 2007–2008.21 Competitiveness is key to US dominance – we need to keep innovating faster to ensure economic prosperity and hegemony
Segal 04 – Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations Adam, Foreign Affairs, "Is America Losing Its Edge?" November / December 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20041101facomment83601/adam-segal/is-america-losing-its-edge.html~~ The United States' global primacy depends in large part on its ability to develop new AND , the United States must get better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home. Loss of competitiveness results in great power conflict—retrenchment makes war inevitable and ensures the US would be dragged in – that causes your heg bad impacts so it’s try or die for the AFF
Khalilzad 11 — Zalmay Khalilzad, Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, served as the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush, served as the director of policy planning at the Defense Department during the Presidency of George H.W. Bush, holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, 2011 ("The Economy and National Security," National Review, February 8th, Available Online at http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/print/259024, Accessed 02-08-2011) Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to AND leading the world toward a new, dangerous era of multi-polarity.
12/17/16
Neolib K
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX 1NC Shell The claim that free speech leads to democratic debate and social progress is a neoliberal myth – the AFF's faith in the free exchange of ideas displaces a focus on direct action and re-entrenches multiple forms of oppression. Instead, the alternative is to reject the AFF's neoliberal framing of speech and direct pedagogy to focus on direct action against oppression.
Tillett-Saks 13 Andrew Tillett-Saks (Labor organizer and critical activist author for Truth-Out and Counterpunch), Neoliberal Myths, Counterpunch, 11/7/13, http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/11/07/neoliberal-myths/ LADI In the wake of the Brown University shout-down of Ray Kelly, champion AND greater freedom. To the contrary, direct action has always proved necessary. The AFF's notion of the marketplace of ideas is neoliberal rhetoric designed to strengthen corporate power.
Whatler 13 Stuart Whatley, Speak for Yourself: A Meditation on the Marketplace of Ideas, Los Angeles Review of Books, 10/4/13, https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/speak-for-yourself-a-meditation-on-the-marketplace-of-ideas/~~#! LADI The very notion of a "marketplace of ideas" tracks exactly with neoliberalism's rising AND its great talents vigorously to the preservation of the system itself." We have reached a tipping point – neoliberalism is no longer able to control its spiral into disaster. Massive structural violence and extinction are inevitable without a fundamental rethinking of the current system.
Farbod 15 ( Faramarz Farbod , PhD Candidate @ Rutgers, Prof @ Moravian College, Monthly Review, http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/2015/farbod020615.html, 6-2) LADI Global capitalism is the 800-pound gorilla. The twin ecological and economic crises AND enhancing natural and social systems will soon reach a point of no return. A radical pedagogical stance is key – anti-capitalist movements can be effective, but critical consciousness is a necessary prerequisite.
Peter Mclaren 4, Education and Urban Schooling Division prof, UCLA—and Valerie Scatamburlo-D'Annibale; University of Windsor, Educational Philosophy and Theory, Vol. 36, No. 2, 2004, www.freireproject.org/articles/node2065/RCGS/class_dismissed-val-peter.10.pdf. LADI These are the concrete realities of our time—realities that require a vigorous class AND memories. Its potential remains untapped and its promise needs to be redeemed.
2/4/17
Nuc Col K
Tournament: 0 | Round: 1 | Opponent: None | Judge: None The 1ACs assumption that US military power needs to be curbed because it is an entrenchment of US dominance over other countries assumes that others can’t handle the US’s nuclear energy reproduces inequality and re-entrenches state power. They only ban nuclear power for the US – assuming developing nations aren’t capable. Their Connory 2 evidence criticizes the US for being anglo centric and dominating – this is a link. Mathur ’16 -- Department of Political Science and Geography, Univ of Texas (Ritu, Sly civility and the paradox of equality/inequality in the nuclear order: a post-colonial critique, Critical Studies on Security, Volume 4, 2016, Issue 1) The role of the ballot is to reject orientalism as a prejudiced and inaccurate view of the world. Their language is a first priority – stereotypes shape how we think Mathur ’16 -- Department of Political Science and Geography, Univ of Texas (Ritu, Sly civility and the paradox of equality/inequality in the nuclear order: a post-colonial critique, Critical Studies on Security, Volume 4, 2016, Issue 1 The alternative is to embrace an emancipatory post-colonial politics –must create a knowledge base that can foster cooperative attempts at meaningful political change. Brydon ‘06 Diana Brydon, University of Western Ontario, ‘6 Postcolonial Test 2.1, “Is There a Politics of Postcoloniality?” http://journals.sfu.ca/pocol/index.php/pct/article/viewArticle/508/175 Colonial racism is the biggest impact in the round – viewing others as subhuman, dangerous, and irrational is the root cause of many of society’s ills Mathur ’14 (Ritu, ‘The West and the Rest’: A Civilizational Mantra in Arms Control and Disarmament? Contemporary Security Policy, 35:3, 332-355)
10/8/16
Title IX
Tournament: XX | Round: 1 | Opponent: XX | Judge: XX State cuts have led tuition to spike harming the ability to students to enter college, especially those who come from low income backgrounds or are people of color – The impact is a blow to the national economy because a college degree is a crucial internal link to working in a skilled job, decreasing health care costs, and bringing greater wealth to local communities
Mitchell et al 16 (Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, "Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges", http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up, EmmieeM) Years of cuts in state funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition AND the start of the recession will make it more difficult to achieve those goals The only thing keeping graduation rates stable is financial aid —- allows students to study full-time, encourages academic progress, and is the only way low-income students can afford to enroll
Johnson 14 (Hans Johnson – supported by the College Access Foundation of California and writing for the Public Policy Institute of California, "Making College Possible for Low-Income Students: Grant and Scholarship Aid in California", http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/report/R'1014HJR.pdf, pg. 20-24, EmmieeM) Students fail to complete college for many reasons, including financial constraints. Certainly it AND earn a degree if they first enroll at a four-year college. There’s a contradiction within government policy —- restricting free speech may be unconstitutional, but not doing so causes public colleges to lose federal funding under Title IX
Pew 15 (The Pew Charitable Trusts – compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, "Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape", http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education, EmmieeM) States and the federal government have long provided substantial funding for higher education, but AND , while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions. The impact is massive – combatting the structural barriers that prevent individuals from attending college is the main internal link to competitiveness
U.S. Department of Commerce 12 (Prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce with consultation from the National Economic Council, "The Competitiveness and Innovative Capacity in the United States", http://www.esa.doc.gov/sites/default/files/thecompetitivenessandinnovativecapacityoftheunitedstates.pdf, pgs. 2-10, EmmieeM) Education is a key element for promoting economic growth and increasing the innovative capacity of AND schools in 2011–2012 was lower than in 2007–2008.21 Competitiveness is key to US dominance – we need to keep innovating faster to ensure economic prosperity and hegemony
Segal 04 – Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations Adam, Foreign Affairs, "Is America Losing Its Edge?" November / December 2004, http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20041101facomment83601/adam-segal/is-america-losing-its-edge.html~~ The United States' global primacy depends in large part on its ability to develop new AND , the United States must get better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home. Loss of competitiveness results in great power conflict—retrenchment makes war inevitable and ensures the US would be dragged in – that causes your heg bad impacts so it’s try or die for the AFF
Khalilzad 11 — Zalmay Khalilzad, Counselor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, served as the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush, served as the director of policy planning at the Defense Department during the Presidency of George H.W. Bush, holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, 2011 ("The Economy and National Security," National Review, February 8th, Available Online at http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/print/259024, Accessed 02-08-2011) Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to AND leading the world toward a new, dangerous era of multi-polarity.
