Tournament: Valley | Round: 1 | Opponent: Apple Valley | Judge: Ahlstrom

FW

The standard is resisting orientalism. The Orient is as a geopolitical construct, deeply engrained in Western language, culture, politics, ethics, and ontology. It creates a totalizing East and West, where the East is defined as merely other than the West. A critical centering of Orientalism is an epistemic prerequisite to discussion of global politics, and so is necessitated by the resolution's question of what is ethical for 'countries'. Said:

Orientalism, Edward Said, New York: Vintage, 1979
Taking the late eighteenth century as a very roughly defined starting point Orientalism can be
AND
without taking account of the limitations on thought and action imposed by Orientalism. 

Orientalism makes global violence inevitable by constructing a perpetual Oriental threat. Jabri:

Professor of International Politics and the Director of the Centre for International Relations at the King's College London 06 ~Vivienne, "War, Security and the Liberal State" Security Dialogue http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/37/1/47~~====
What I want to
AND
enemies, internal and external.

And, academic spaces like debate are uniquely key to interrogating Orientalism from outside its hegemonic grips. Biswas:

Shampa Biswas 2007 Empire and Global Public Intellectuals: Reading Edward Said as an International Relations Theorist
This is especially true for scholars of the global writing in this age of globalisation
AND
of all, their ability and willingness to be seduced by power.17

To this end, fiat is the best political method. We need to engage in politics and develop pragmatic advocacy skills in order to create any real change. Alinsky gives two warrants:

RULES FOR RADICALS A Practical Primer for Realistic Radicals SAUL D. ALINSKY 1971
What I have to say in this book is not the arrogance of unsolicited advice
AND
of a coming massive repression in the name of "law and order." 

Plan

The NWS/NNWS divide has created a worldview at the heart of this disproportionate enforcement and a new age of nuclear orientalism. Gusterson 1:

Hugh Gusterson. "A Double Standard on Nuclear Weapons?," MIT Center for International Studies Audit of the Conventional Wisdom, 06-08 (April 2006).
There has long been a widespread perception among U.S. defense intellectuals,
AND
-legal-action-aimed-at-global-nuclear-disarmament

This is especially pressing as we enter a more complex nuclear age in which MAD can no longer protect us. The US and Russia still have more than enough nukes to destroy all life on Earth. Schultz et al 1:

Apart from the
AND
during the Cold War?

Non-proliferation is futile as long as the western powers the rest of the world must compete with refuse to cooperate on disarmament. Countries naturally want non-proliferation and disarmament, as long as it does not seem to weaken their place in global politics. Gusterson 2:

Hugh Gusterson. "A Double Standard on Nuclear Weapons?," MIT Center for International Studies Audit of the Conventional Wisdom, 06-08 (April 2006).
The second position, participation, is based on Kenneth Waltz's argument that all countries
AND
to shift the balance of power in their client relationships with the superpowers.

Thus, I advocate for a joint enterprise among nuclear powers and members of the NPT to fully enforce the NPT and move towards global disarmament. Schultz et al 2:

 (A WORLD FREE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS By George P. Shultz, William J. Perry, Henry A. Kissinger and Sam Nunn The Wall Street Journal January 4, 2007
http://disarmament.nrpa.no/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/A_WORLD_FREE.pdf  DFS)
The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) envisioned the end of all nuclear weapons
AND
the actions, the vision will not be perceived as realistic or possible. 

Underview

Tournament: st marks | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lake Travis KE | Judge: Cade Skelton

FW

The standard is resisting orientalism. The Orient is as a geopolitical construct, deeply engrained in Western language, culture, politics, ethics, and ontology. It creates a totalizing East and West, where the East is defined as merely other than the West. A critical centering of Orientalism is an epistemic prerequisite to discussion of global politics, and so is necessitated by the resolution's question of what is ethical for 'countries'. Said:

Orientalism, Edward Said, New York: Vintage, 1979
Taking the late eighteenth century as a very roughly defined starting point Orientalism can be
AND
without taking account of the limitations on thought and action imposed by Orientalism. 

Orientalism makes global violence inevitable by constructing a perpetual Oriental threat. Jabri:

abri Professor of International Politics and the Director of the Centre for International Relations at the King's College London 06 ~Vivienne, "War, Security and the Liberal State" Security Dialogue http://sdi.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/37/1/47~~====
What I want to argue
AND
l enemies, internal and external.

And, academic spaces like debate are uniquely key to interrogating Orientalism from outside its hegemonic grips. Biswas:

Shampa Biswas 2007 Empire and Global Public Intellectuals: Reading Edward Said as an International Relations Theorist
This is especially true for scholars of the global writing in this age of globalisation
AND
of all, their ability and willingness to be seduced by power.17

To this end, fiat is the best political method. We need to engage in politics and develop pragmatic advocacy skills in order to create any real change. Alinsky gives two warrants:

RULES FOR RADICALS A Practical Primer for Realistic Radicals SAUL D. ALINSKY 1971
What I have to say in this book is not the arrogance of unsolicited advice
AND
of a coming massive repression in the name of "law and order." 

Plan

After the Cold War, the Non-Proliferation Treaty divided the world into five Nuclear Weapons States (NWS) and (now) 186 Non Nuclear Weapons States (NNWS), in order to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, promote the peaceful use of nuclear power, and move towards global disarmament.  But, it didn't really work out like that. The goal of the NPT was to create an equal playing field, but instead the vague and uneven enforcement of the NPT enables the expansion of western hegemony at the expense of eastern and third world interests. Since the indefinite extension of the NPT in 1995, NNWS have continued to fight for concrete movement towards disarmament , and NWS, especially the US, have continued to spend billions upgrading their nuclear weapons  and shifting the focus back to non-proliferation, while at the same time finding loopholes in the NPT to allow them to proliferate nuclear weapons to NATO allies . It is understandable to designate states that already have nuclear weapons so they could move towards disarmament. But instead, the NWS/NNWS divide has created a worldview at the heart of this disproportionate enforcement and a new age of nuclear orientalism. Gusterson 1:

Hugh Gusterson. "A Double Standard on Nuclear Weapons?," MIT Center for International Studies Audit of the Conventional Wisdom, 06-08 (April 2006).
There has long been a widespread perception among U.S. defense intellectuals,
AND
-legal-action-aimed-at-global-nuclear-disarmament

Non-proliferation is futile as long as the western powers the rest of the world must compete with refuse to cooperate on disarmament. Countries naturally want non-proliferation and disarmament, as long as it does not seem to weaken their place in global politics. Gusterson 2:

Hugh Gusterson. "A Double Standard on Nuclear Weapons?," MIT Center for International Studies Audit of the Conventional Wisdom, 06-08 (April 2006).
The second position, participation, is based on Kenneth Waltz's argument that all countries
AND
to shift the balance of power in their client relationships with the superpowers.

And in the status quo, nuclear powers are spending trillions upgrading their nuclear arsenals . Global nuclear politics are becoming increasingly unstable and dangerous. Krieger 16:

OCTOBER 14, 2016 "The Fierce Urgency of Nuclear Zero" by ~David, is President of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation~  http://www.counterpunch.org/2016/10/14/the-fierce-urgency-of-nuclear-zero/
The use of only one or two percent of the more than 15,000
AND
by mistake, miscalculation or malice. There is no meaningful middle ground.

Thus, I advocate for a joint enterprise among nuclear powers and members of the NPT to fully enforce the NPT and move towards global disarmament. Schultz et al:

 (A WORLD FREE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS By George P. Shultz, William J. Perry, Henry A. Kissinger and Sam Nunn The Wall Street Journal January 4, 2007
http://disarmament.nrpa.no/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/A_WORLD_FREE.pdf  DFS)
The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) envisioned the end of all nuclear weapons
AND
the actions, the vision will not be perceived as realistic or possible. 

Underview

ANALYTICS
Abstract critique accomplishes nothing when in fails to engage with infrastructural realities and present concrete alternatives. Bryant:
(Levi, prof of philosophy at Collins college, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/) 2012

 We almost never make concrete proposals
AND
and denounce. Good luck with that.