Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
Nuclear power is key to solve warming--it's the only possible option that can meet demand in time to avoid warming means SMR spillover solves
Biello 13 David Biello, Associate editor at Scientific American, "How Nuclear Power Can Stop Global Warming ," Scientific American, 12/12, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-nuclear-power-can-stop-global-warming/
In addition to... where Hansen works

Climate change sucks and Nuclear power is key- low carbons.
IAEA 2 International Atomic Energy Agency “CLIMATE CHANGE AND NUCLEAR POWER 2015” Vienna Austria 2015
The contribution of... climate change challenge

Tournament: Any | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
Uranium prices are increasing despite recent set-backs, but positive approach to nuke power is key. SPUTNIK 9/16:
Sputnik News. “Uranium Price Slump Could Reverse After 2020 - Rosatom Mining Strategist.” September 16, 2016. Bracketed because of this random grammatical hiccup.  LHP MK
LONDON (Sputnik) — The... market to re-balance. 

But the aff freezes the price rise for uranium and prevents development of a positive approach to uranium --- empirics. MORNING ’12:
Money Morning. “Uranium Stocks to Benefit From Nuclear Power Resurgence,” 23 Nov 2012, http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article37687.html
Don Miller writes... on your radar.

Uranium price freezes kill Kazakhstan’s econ. VERGNAUD ’16:
Vergnaud, Lara. “Can uranium save Kazakhstan?” Blouin News, 20 Jan 2016, http://tinyurl.com/hkpcmet.
Unlike most energy... supplying 2,100 tons.

Kazakh economic stability key to Central Asian stability --- checks back terror and competition. TELEKI ’15:
Margarita Assenova the Director of the Institute for New Democracies at CSIS  Natalie Zajicova the Program Officer  Janusz Bugajski the CSIS NEDP Director  Ilona Teleki the Deputy Director and Fellow at CSIS  Besian Bocka the Program Coordinator and Research Assistant at CSIS “Kazakhstan’s Strategic Significance,” CSIS Institute for New Democracies, http://eurodialogue.org/Kazakhstan-Strategic-Significance. No Date, but makes citations from 2015.
The decision by... to its neighbors.

Escalates into Central Asia nuclear conflict --- extinction. ROGER ’11.
Honorary senior fellow, department of politics and international relations, university of Kent at Canterbury and senior fellow in Eurasian military studies, Jamestown Foundation Roger, “General Makarov Highlights the “Risk” of Nuclear Conflict,” Eurasia Daily Monitor, 6 Dec 2011, http://tinyurl.com/gruqsue.
In the current... to chew on.

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
There are more people of color in the world, but the inherent racism nature of utilitarianism allows only the less number of people, whites, to gain access to the benefits of the utility of those people of color. In theory it may sound good, but in all practicality, we have seen anything but the greatest for the greatest number of people. Baker 8
Houston Baker distinguished university professor @ Vanderbilt University “Betrayal: How Black Intellectuals Have Abandoned the Ideals of the Civil Rights Era” pg.64-65. 2008
If the aim... thought in America.

These traditional ethical systems were created with the intention to justify racism; racism was not created by accident, these ethical systems are contingent upon black demise. Curry 13
Curry, Tommy J. doctor in Associate Professor of Philosophy, Affiliated Professor of Africana Studies, Texas A and M University In the Fiat of Dreams: The Delusional Allure of Hope, the Reality of Anti-Black Violence and the Demands of the Anti-Ethical. 2013.
Ought implies a... idea of ethics.

Traditional ethics and western philosophies like utilitarianism has always been used to assume and justify that whites could act justly and will act justly because they are capable of morality. Until we understand that the historical and empirical reality is at complete odds with the theory of traditional white philosophies created by the west with the purpose of colonizing, then the black body will always be excluded from the conversation of philosophies like util. Curry 13
Curry, Tommy J. doctor in Associate Professor of Philosophy, Affiliated Professor of Africana Studies, Texas A and M University In the Fiat of Dreams: The Delusional Allure of Hope, the Reality of Anti-Black Violence and the Demands of the Anti-Ethical. 2013.
Traditionally we have... onto immoral entities.

We should reject the affirmative for their ethical conceptions to somehow take account all of blackness and become antiethical decision makers. Curry 13:
Curry, Tommy J. doctor in Associate Professor of Philosophy, Affiliated Professor of Africana Studies, Texas A and M University In the Fiat of Dreams: The Delusional Allure of Hope, the Reality of Anti-Black Violence and the Demands of the Anti-Ethical. 2013.
Anti-ethics; the... nigger-souls, is totalizing.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
They make reform impossible-- the bipolitical state destroys all open revolutionary reform. Invisible Committee 1
Invisible Committee anonymous committee, “The Call.” 2009. http://bloom0101.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ENGcall2.pdf
Here a new... Third World War

Their performance makes us vulnerable. Invisible Committee 2
Invisible Committee anonymous committee, “The Call.” 2009. http://bloom0101.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ENGcall2.pdf
In a demonstration... in no time

The alternative is white noise. Invisible Committee 3
Invisible Committee anonymous committee, “The Call.” 2009. http://bloom0101.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ENGcall2.pdf
From the cybernetic... makes revolt possible

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
Black bodies are systematically condemned to gratuitous violence; politics of hope coax oppressed into waiting for a ‘better tomorrow,’ allowing systems of domination to continue. Warren 1
Warren, Calvin L. "Black Nihilism and the Politics of Hope." CR: The New Centennial Review 15.1 (2015): 215-48. Web.
We continue to... of political fantasy.

The impact framing is resentment: the blaming of one’s self which leads to the blaming of everything else. Ressentiment is necessitated by the way society is structured since the Middle Passage created a negative conception of un-freedom tied to blackness which allowed for whiteness to thrive. Warren 2
Warren, Calvin L. "Black Nihilism and the Politics of Hope." CR: The New Centennial Review 15.1 (2015): 215-48. Web.
Following Nietzsche and... within humanist grammars.

The alternative is political apostasy: an act of self-excommunication as a tool of empowerment when everything else has failed you. Warren 3
Warren, Calvin L. "Black Nihilism and the Politics of Hope." CR: The New Centennial Review 15.1 (2015): 215-48. Web.
The black nihilist... and spiritual practice.

The role of the ballot is to endorse the best method for black-empowerment. Communal norms institute racist practices and make disadvantaged voices unheard. Academic debate must change now. Smith
Smith, Elijah, “A Conversation in Ruins: Race and Black Participation in Lincoln Douglas Debate.” 2013.
It will be... students cannot escape.

Tournament: Beltway | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any

1. Conditions of recognition rely on the exclusion of the black body, but it also does not allow them to alter themselves which renders them ungrievable. Deviance is necessary in order to understand bodies that are different from the white body, but recognition prevents that SALDAHA:
   “Psychedelic White: Goa Trance and the Viscosity of Race,” Arun Saldanha, 2007  LHP AA”
   The most influential... into the universal. ¶

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
The AFF substitutes evidence for performance-- creating decadence. Gordon 6
Lewis Gordon—professor at philosophy, African and Judiac Studies at University of Connecticut Storrs—2006 (Disciplinary Decadence: Living Thought in Trying Times, p 28-29)
A striking feature... of perennial truths

Decadence destroys any chance at decolonizing ethics. Gordon 14
Lewis Gordon—professor of philosophy, African and Judiac Studies at the University of Connecticut—2014 (“Disciplinary Decadence and the Decolonization of Knowledge,” Africa Development 39.1: 81-92, 88).
The first is... a similar fate

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
Beginning discussion with identity is essentialist – even if they acknowledge identity’s fluidity, identity as a starting point lapses into essentialism. They also over-determine autonomy which ignores group conditions that aren’t predicated upon individualism. MOWBRAY 10
PhD, Senior Lecturer at Sydney University and Co-Director, Sydney Centre for International Law (Jacqueline, “Autonomy, Identity and Self-knowledge: A New ‘Solution’ to the Liberal-Communitarian ‘Problem’?” January 2014 Sydney Law School Legal Studies Research Paper No. 14/02)
The problem of... the group itself

Tying pedagogy to our identities reinforces discursive militarism. Jay and Graff 95
Professor in the department of English at University of Wisconsin  professor of English and Education at University of Illinois at Chicago (Gregory and Gerald, “Critique of Critical Pedagogy” Higher Education Under Fire, p. 207-9)
The premise that... may change us

Using the ballot as a referendum on identity cedes agency to the sovereign, which recreates the violence against social movements that they kritik. CAMPBELL 98
Professor of International Politics at the University of Newcastle (David, “Performing Politics and the Limits of Language” 1998)
Those who argue... the first place

Reject their focus of identity in place of analytical categories – identity-based politics forego the possibility for institutional change. HANCOCK 13
Associate Professor of Political Science and Gender Studies at USC Ange-Marie, “Solidarity Politics for Millennials: A Guide to Ending the Oppression Olympics (The Politics of Intersectionality),” Palgrave MacMillan, December 5, 2013, http://sites.oxy.edu/ron/csp19/2010/BTOO20Chapter201.PDF, Accessed 7/22/15
Analyzing American Politics... and its goals

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
Framing the demand for recognition in terms of stories of suffering makes personhood only accessible through injury – turns case: legitimizes violence and means any gains only reinscribe pain and subjugation. Tuck and Yang 14
Eve Tuck Assistant Professor of Educational Foundations and Coordinator of Native American Studies at the State University of New York at New Paltz and K. Wayne Yang Assistant Professor of Ethnic Studies, Affiliated Professor of Urban Studies and Planning at UC San Diego, “R-Words: Refusing Research” (2014)  https://faculty.newpaltz.edu/evetuck/files/2013/12/Tuck-and-Yang-R-Words_Refusing-Research.pdf
The costs of... and pained existence

The counteradvocacy adequately portrays suffering and uses the knowledge we get from suffering so that we can work against it, but it refuses to satisfy the fascination with suffering and de-spectaclizes it. Tuck and Yang 2
Eve Tuck Assistant Professor of Educational Foundations and Coordinator of Native American Studies at the State University of New York at New Paltz and K. Wayne Yang Assistant Professor of Ethnic Studies, Affiliated Professor of Urban Studies and Planning at UC San Diego, “R-Words: Refusing Research” (2014)  https://faculty.newpaltz.edu/evetuck/files/2013/12/Tuck-and-Yang-R-Words_Refusing-Research.pdf
Gonzales-Day’s Erased Lynching... settler colonial knowledge

Their identification in terms of suffering also spills over, it 1. creates a totalizing, essentialist notion of group identity that stops members of the group from defining themselves as anything but injured, and  2., excludes members that haven’t experienced all the harms or don’t identify “correctly” with a particular set of harms. Brown 96
Wendy Brown, Professor of Political Theory @ UC Berkeley, 1996 (“Constitutions and 'Survivor Stories': In the 'folds of our own discourse' The Pleasures and Freedoms of Silence.” 3 U Chi L Sch Roundtable 185; sip)
If, taken together... on heterosexual pleasure?

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
The AFF engages in a form of symbolic politics. Niemeyer 4
Simon Niemeyer, “Deliberation in the Wilderness: Displacing Symbolic Politics.” Environmental Politics, Vol.13, No.2, Summer 2004, pp.347 – 372
Symbolic politics originated... blandishments of elites

Symbolism dooms politics and makes us complacent. It allows oppression to continue under the hope of a better tomorrow—re-entrenching the systems of domination and dissuading us from engaging in the type of radical change that is actually necessary to re-orient our values. Smith 16
Mychal Denzel Smith, “The Seductive Danger of Symbolic Politics.” January 21, 2016. https://www.thenation.com/article/the-seductive-danger-of-symbolic-politics/
Because symbols, as... the American presidency

Tournament: NC - Deleuze | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
This mobility of truth means that our relation to ethics constantly changes --- this necessitates experimentation with our moral norms and an avoidance of blanket prohibitions. SMITH:
Nathan Jun and Daniel W. Smith. “Deleuze and Ethics.”  LHP MK
C. Ewing famously... be as follows: 

Vote neg, a prohibition that applies in every case is inconsistent with an ethics of experimentation, rather than allowing for a particular review in different situations, it establishes a blanket prohibition. Nuclear power in some cases could be life-affirming depending on different situations. SMITH 2:
Nathan Jun and Daniel W. Smith. “Deleuze and Ethics.”  LHP MK
The ethicist begins... to the nonhuman.

Tournament: Beltway | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
The AFF burden is to prove an prohibition on nuclear power. Prohibitions must demonstrate the harms of NP are intrinsic to the production of nuclear power, not the consequence of specific uses of that power or simply the result of the limitations of status quo technology. Prefer this for two reasons: 

All analytic

Tournament: Beltway | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. If the aff defends multiple country action they must only defend action by an international body or only defend a multilateral treaty agreement to ban nuclear power amongst the agents of the aff.

Real world --- International organizations are the only way for multiple countries to coordinate nuclear policy. GAUN 13:
General Assembly of the United Nations. “High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on Nuclear Disarmament (26 September 2013).” No Date of Publishment.  LHP MK
A number of... the Disarmament Commission.

Tournament: Grapevine | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. The affirmative debater must defend the formal, legal ban on nuclear energy production.

C. Precision

Google definitions aggregates all publicly available data and refines for error, meaning it reaches ultimate consensus. Google Project Management 14:
Stacee B Expert- google products, “Where does Google get its information on word definition and origins?” https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!topic/websearch/rvcpueThd7s. 7/28/14.
The information shown... in the definition.

Topic Lit

The core of the topic is policy consequences. Debatepedia 12
Debatepedia, “Debate: Nuclear Energy.” http://debatepedia.idebate.org/en/index.php/Debate:_Nuclear_energy. May 1, 2012.
The main question... global warming crisis?

Tournament: Beltway | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. The aff must prohibit nuclear power through the enaction of a policy.

Prohibit is defined as formally forbid by law. 

Resolved means the affirmative must defend the implementation of a policy action by a government. PARCHER 1
(Jeff, Fmr. Debate Coach at Georgetown University, February, http://www.ndtceda.com/archives/200102/0790.html)
Pardon me if... to a question.

Limits – my interp doesn’t exclude any ground but it allows for policies – critical thinking also requires examining policies, not principles in isolation – informed citizenry link turns your framing. Harwood 5
(Karey, associate professor in the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies) “Teaching Bioethics through Participation and Policy-Making” Essays on Teaching Excellence Toward the Best in the Academy Vol. 16, No. 4, 2004-2005 A publication of The Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education
Teaching bioethics to... in their outcome.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. If the affirmative reads independent reasons for why affirming is harder in the 1AC, they must specify under what conditions these reasons become relevant. And, if the affirmative claims they'll cross the arguments off the flow, they must agree to specify under which conditions these arguments can be triggered in all future rounds that they go for the strategy.

To clarify, they must specify whether their independent reasons for why its harder to affirm can be applied to theory, presumption, etc in an explicit text in the 1AC.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. If debaters read a pre-written theory shell, the interpretation must be disclosed on the NDCA wiki 24 hours prior to the round. To clarify, debaters do not have to disclose extempted interpretations, but if they have shells pre-written that they know they might read, the interpretations must be disclosed.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. If the Aff reads a role of the ballot, they must clarify how the round will play out under that role of the ballot in the form of a text in the 1AC.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. Debaters must only make theoretical objections that are verifiable in the context of the round. To clarify, theoretical objections may not be derived from out-of-round circumstances.

Tournament: Yale | Round: 1 | Opponent: Any | Judge: Any
A. Debaters may only read positions that are disclosed on the NDCA wiki prior to the round. To clarify, disclosure means full citations, tags, and the first and last three words of each card.