Tournament: USC | Round: 3 | Opponent: forgot | Judge: forgot
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Tournament: CPS | Round: 2 | Opponent: Harvard-Westlake SK | Judge: Anne-Marie Hwang
The state is required to respect principles of universalizability to maintain consistency in structure.
Ripstein 1: Ripstein, Arthur. Force and Freedom: Kant's Legal and Political Philosophy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 2009. Print.

"all people have... everyone it governs."

Analytics

Standard is Consistency with universally accessible principles

Constitution Negates
Tedford and Herbeck 09: Freedom of Speech in the United States, 6th ed.
State College, PA: Strata Publishing, Inc., 2009
www.bc.edu/free_speech 

"First amendment rights...legitimate pedagogical concerns"

Constitution First
Korsgaard:  Pages 8-9 SELF-CONSTITUTION  CHRISTINE M. KORSGAARD SELF—CONSTITUTION IN THE ETHICS OF PLATO AND KANT ’ (Received and accepted 15 September 1998
"in fact, the... Book 1 turns out to be true."

Prefer further. The constitution matters procedurally.
Heritage: The Heritage Foundation 2013 http://solutions.heritage.org/role-of-the-courts/

"The Founders Recognized... the law is."

Tournament: Golden Desert | Round: 3 | Opponent: Idk | Judge: idk
First, practical reasoning, how we deliberate whether or not to act under rationality, is the only sufficient moral obligation
Velleman: Velleman, David. Self To Self. Cambridge University Press. 2006. Pg 18-19.

External Sources of... reasons is required

Coercion and other acts that reduce the freedoms of others are morally contradictory
Engstrom: Engstrom. Universal Law as the Form of Practical Knowledge.

applying the formula... that same freedom

The standard is consistency with a system of equal freedoms
this means hindering hinderances is legit:
Ripstein 2: Arthur Ripstein, “Force and Freedom”. Harvard University Press, 2009
Second, Kant's conception... the original right.

Public will must prevent hate speech
Varden 1: https://www.academia.edu/2006079/A_Kantian_Conception_of_Free_Speech
On the Kantian...of all citizens

Hate speech causes concrete violations of equal freedom
Fish 12: Stanley. June 4. The New York Times. The Harm in Free Speech. Visiting Law Professor at Yeshiva University School of Law. http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/04/the-harm-in-free-speech/?_r=1

Notice that here... mark every time.

Tournament: Harvard Westlake | Round: 3 | Opponent: Harker AC | Judge: Emilio Rivera
Representations of “free speech” exclude the cognitively disabled by predicating the
concept of freedom and independence on spoken voice. The 1ACs valorization of speech
marginalizes those who rely on other forms of communication.
Ashby 11​. Christine. Professor at Syracuse University, Degree in Leadership and Communications. “Whose ‘Voice’
is it Anyway?: Giving Voice Qualitative Research Involving Individuals that Type to Communicate.” Disabilities Study
Quarterly. MCM.
One of the ... fuller, richer understanding.

Reject the aff’s ableist ideology in favor of dismodernism
Dismodernism is a... as defective citizens”(73).
Ashby 11​. Christine. Professor at Syracuse University, Degree in Leadership and Communications. “Whose ‘Voice’
is it Anyway?: Giving Voice Qualitative Research Involving Individuals that Type to Communicate.” Disabilities Study
Quarterly.
¶ ​People considered to ...is politically
thinkable.
Crawford 02 ​— ​Neta, PhD MA MIT, BA Brown, Prof. of poli sci at boston univ. Argument and Change in World
Politics, p. 19-21
Coherent arguments are ... a meta-argument.

Tournament: Overall | Round: 3 | Opponent: Overall | Judge: Overall
Interps: The aff must specify a normative ethic in the standard text of the AC.

Standard:

1. Resolvability
   2. Ground
   3. Reciprocity

the neg must not read a conditional advocacy 

Standard:

1. Reciprocity
   2. Clash
   3. Strat Skew

The neg must not read a reject alt

Standard:

1. Turn Ground
   2.Advocacy shift
   3. Real World education

Tournament: CPS | Round: 2 | Opponent: dont remember | Judge: dont remember
Part 1 is the Framework
Role of the Ballot: Reject manifestations of ableism through inclusive discourse.

First: Any critical understanding of the world should assume the epistemological viewpoint of the oppressed. Examining ethical problems from this phenomenological perspective gives a more objective and inclusive view of reality.
Jaggar , Alison 'Feminist Politics And Human Nature (Philosophy And Society)' 19 88 . P 371
"the achievement of... and thus ideological."

Ableism is the  master trope  of oppression—disability is the socially constructed foundation on which any group is defined as inferior.
Siebers 6: Tobin Siebers (the late co-chair of the University of Michigan’s Initiative on Disability Studies, V. L. Parrington Collegiate Professor, and professor of English language and literature, and art and design at Michigan). “Disability Aesthetics.” Spring/Summer 2006. http://www.jcrt.org/archives/07.2/siebers.pdf

"Oppression is the... or cultural intervention."

The body is a stock issue as it’s the source of all knowledge and meaning. If we reduce disabled individuals to bare life and reject their experience, we reject their phenomenological view of the world, closing ourselves off to critical thought of the other.

Creal( Lee  Davis, “THE "DISABILITY OF THINKING" THE "DISABLED" BODY”, Course Paper for Ambiguous Bodies: Studies in Contemporary Sexuality, York University, 20 14 http://www.broadreachtraining.com/advocacy/artcreal.htm)

"A phenomenon experienced... social/political Matrix"

CP Text
CP Text: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought to mandate professors give compulsory trigger warnings prior to lectures, and courts ought to overrule any decisions regarding their unconstitutionality.

Definitions: Trigger warning|
Doll,16  Jordan. "Trauma and Free Speech in Higher Education: Do Trigger Warnings Threaten First Amendment Rights?" Oberlin College Politics Department (2016): 1-68. Https://etd.ohiolink.edu/!etd.send_file?accession=oberlin1463557689anddisposition=inline. Web.

"Trigger warnings are... material hard going."

Competition

Mandating trigger warnings are a restriction on free speech.

The right to free speech includes the right to silence:
Keighley 06 ,  Jennifer M., Postdoctoral Associate in Law and Fellow, Program for the Study of Reproductive Justice at Yale Law School; J.D. Yale Law School, 2010; B.A. Brown University, 2006. "CAN YOU HANDLE THE TRUTH? COMPELLED COMMERCIAL SPEECH AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT." Journal of Constitutional Law 4th ser. 15.2 (2012): 1-79. University of Pennsylvania Law School. Web. https://www.law.upenn.edu/live/files/1566-keighley15upajconstl5392012pdf.

"very soon after... not to say."

Compelled speech is a violation of free speech as it violates the right to silence:
Keighley 06,  Jennifer M., Postdoctoral Associate in Law and Fellow, Program for the Study of Reproductive Justice at Yale Law School; J.D. Yale Law School, 2010; B.A. Brown University, 2006. "CAN YOU HANDLE THE TRUTH? COMPELLED COMMERCIAL SPEECH AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT." Journal of Constitutional Law 4th ser. 15.2 (2012): 1-79. University of Pennsylvania Law School. Web. https://www.law.upenn.edu/live/files/1566-keighley15upajconstl5392012pdf.

"the First Amendment... freedom of mind."

Mandating trigger warnings violates the first amendment:
Doll 16

"any policy on... the First Amendment"

Solvency Advocate

Net Benefits:
Without trigger warnings, certain people are excluded from
discussions based on their inability to participate because of past
traumatic experiences:
http://eagnews.org/american-university-student-government-demands-trigger-warnings-for-course-s
yllabi/

"trigger warnings are... be about students."

The Aff excludes those who suffer from PTSD and other disorders from educational discussion.
The affirmative social view of the impaired impact all of society, causing it to recreate an ethic of exclusion
Barnes, 1992.   Colin Barnes, Professor of Disability Studies in the School of Social and Health Sciences Halmstad University, 1992, “DISABLING IMAGERY AND THE MEDIA” KL

"They are fundamental... mainstream community life."

Discourse will promote consciousness of our own faults and offensive terms towards the disabled. This is the best long term solvency.
Heir '03:  Thomas Hehir, March 2003 Beyond inclusion: educators' 'ableist' assumptions about students with disabilities compromise the quality of instruction School Administrator, Tom Hehir served as director of the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Special Education Programs from 1993 to 1999. As director, he was responsible for federal leadership in implementing the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), http://www.aasa.org/SchoolAdministratorArticle.aspx?id=9262

"The inclusion movement... should be included."

Discourse will be a step towards eliminating Ableism
Hehir '03

"well-implemented inclusionary... aspects of life."