Tournament: any | Round: 1 | Opponent: any | Judge: any
Email me at ryounger@bwscampus.com or Facebook message Jackson Lallas for info about cites and positions.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: Triples | Opponent: Cypress Bay EN | Judge: Chetan Hertzig, Terrence Lonam, Martin Sigalow
Interpretation: The affirmative must defend a post-fiat policy banning production of nuclear power. ‘Resolved’ denotes a proposal to be enacted by law.
Words and Phrases 64 (Permanent Edition)
Definition of the … establish by law”.  
And google defines prohibit:
https://www.google.com/search?q=prohibitandoq=prohibitandaqs=chrome..69i57j69i60l3j69i59l2.1314j0j1andsourceid=chromeandie=UTF-8
formally forbid (something) by law, rule, or other authority.
Debate requires a specific point of difference in order to promote effective exchange.
Steinberg and Freeley 13, * David, Lecturer in Communicatio22n studies and rhetoric. Advisor to Miami Urban Debate League. Director of Debate at U Miami, Former President of CEDA. And  Austin, attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, JD, Suffolk University, Argumentation and Debate, Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, 121-4
Debate is a … the following discussion.
Debate inevitably involves exclusions – making sure that those exclusions occur along reciprocal lines is necessary to foster democratic habits and critical thinking – this process of intellectual exchange outweighs the aff.  
Amanda Anderson 6, prof of English at Johns Hopkins The Way We Argue Now, 25-8
25 Whether such a … institutions and practices.
Defending the topic is hard because it requires you to admit you could be wrong—that generates competitive respect and dialogue. Voting aff reinforces group polarization and choir preaching.  Talisse 2005 – philosophy professor at Vanderbilt (Robert, Philosophy and Social Criticism, 31.4, “Deliberativist responses to activist challenges”)
Nonetheless, the deliberativist … he is unreasonable.
Topical fairness requirements are key to effective dialogue—monopolizing strategy and prep makes the discussion one-sided and subverts any meaningful neg role.
Galloway 7 – professor of communications at Samford University (Ryan, “Dinner And Conversation At The Argumentative Table: Reconceptualizing Debate As An Argumentative Dialogue”, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28 (2007),
Debate as a … of topical advocacy
Norms are a pre-requisite to argumentation.
Goodnight: Predicaments of Communication, Argument, and Power: Towards a Critical Theory of Controversy G. THOMAS GOODNIGHT Vol 23, No 2 (2003)
Interlocutors can engage … a practical discourse" (Habermas, 1990, 121; also 119-125).

Tournament: any | Round: 1 | Opponent: any | Judge: any
Interpretation:  The aff cannot require the negative to clarify 1AC advocacy during cross ex and/or ask the neg to check theory interps in cross examination 

Interpretation: The aff cannot defend a plan that will not be inherent in ten years.

Interpretation:  The aff must specify and delineate in the text of the AC a roll of the ballot, standard, or metric by which the judge evaluates the round and how to weigh and evaluate offense under it and cannot simply state “Evaluation of energy policy requires a social context.”

Interpretation:  Debaters can only garner offense through the efficacy of critical advocacies and impacts and cannot get offense from initiating or participating in a discussion.

Interpretation: if the aff reads the spike “PIC’s are a voting issue against whole res affs,” they must specify and define what a PIC is in the text of the AC and cannot put the theory argument at the bottom of the case.

Interpretation: The affirmative cannot read the following spikes in conjunction: “Drop neg theory not weighed against the side bias,” “Drop the neg on theory,” and “Only drop the arg on theory for violations out of the AC and recontextualize AC offense under T”. To clarify, each spikes is permissible, but all three in conjunction is not. 

Interpretation: if the negative introduces a role of the ballot of to embrace a pedagogy of world opening, they must specify and define what it means to embrace a pedagogy of world opening and clarify how to weigh and evaluate offense under the role of the ballot with minimally a sentence in their role of the ballot.

Interpretation: The aff cannot require the neg to weigh abuse against presumption or side bias and claim that neg abuse outweighs aff abuse.

Interpretation – the aff must specify which constitutionally protected speech they prohibit.

Interpretation – Evidence that debaters read or statistics that the quote must be cited and still accessible.

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: Triples | Opponent: Presentation AS | Judge: Adam Torson, Panny Shan, Sean Fee
Interpretation - the aff must defend and can only garner offense from the desirability of the hypothetical enactment of public colleges and universities removing restrictions on constitutionally protected speech.
Oxford Dictionary defines restrict:
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/restriction
A limiting condition … a legal one.
Net Benefits:

1. Limits – They destroy limits by allowing any possible aff – the topic is the only predictable point of preparation for both sides and is a key upper limit on the number of positions they can defend. This destroys the dialogical nature of debate, making it one side and robbing debate of any educational value.
   Galloway 7—Samford Comm prof (Ryan, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007)
   Debate as a … of topical advocacy.
   2. Dialogue - Debate is not real life – the integration of Ks into the strategic toolkit of debaters proves that they’re strategic tools just like anything else. Debaters now regularly read non-topical affs in one round and generic policy arguments in another and nobody bats an eye. Let’s not pretend that voting for the millionth K aff will somehow make the difference. Instead, you should view debate as a training ground to equip students with the knowledge and advocacy skills necessary to change the real world when we get there. This means dialogue is key - Debate teaches skills key to collective decision-making – that’s key to address every global problem
   Lundberg 10:  Christian O. Lundberg, Associate Professor, Communication, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Tradition of Debate in North Carolina,” NAVIGATING OPPORTUNITY: POLICY DEBATE IN THE 21ST CENTURY ed. A.D.Louden, 2010, p. 311+.
   The second major … increasingly complex world.
   3. Polarization – Defending the topic is hard because it requires you to admit you could be wrong—that generates competitive respect and dialogue. Voting aff reinforces group polarization and choir preaching
   Talisse 5 – philosophy professor at Vanderbilt (Robert, Philosophy and Social Criticism, 31.4, “Deliberativist responses to activist challenges”)
   Nonetheless, the deliberativist … he is unreasonable.
   4. Topical version — women of color advocate their need for free speech to support the feminist movement.
   Heuchan 16:  Claire L. Heuchan, reporter for Heaststreet, “The Feminist Case for Free Speech,” July 16, 2016 http://heatst.com/world/the-feminist-case-for-free-speech/
   Free speech and … worth fighting for.

Tournament: TOC | Round: 6 | Opponent: Collegiate DM | Judge: Scott Phillips
Interpretation - the aff must defend and can only garner offense from the desirability of the hypothetical enactment of public colleges and universities removing restrictions on constitutionally protected speech.
Oxford Dictionary defines restrict:
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/restriction
A limiting condition or measure, especially a legal one.
Net benefits
Stasis – Failing to affirm the resolution destroys constraints on debate and makes effective deliberation impossible
Steinberg and Freeley 13: * David, Lecturer in Communication studies and rhetoric. Advisor to Miami Urban Debate League. Director of Debate at U Miami, Former President of CEDA. And  Austin, attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, JD, Suffolk University, Argumentation and Debate, Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making, 121-4
Debate is a … the following discussion.
3 impacts
First, fairness---Rules and constraints make the game enjoyable and they create excellence by facilitating productive competition – breaking the rules destroys its value
Acampora 02 Christa Davis Acampora 2, Professor of Philosophy at Hunter College of the City University of New York, Fall 2002, “Of Dangerous Games and Dastardly Deeds,” International Studies in Philosophy, Vol. 34, No. 3
The agonistic game … cowardly and barbarous.

Second, decision making---The impact outweighs—deliberative debate models impart skills vital to respond to existential threats
Lundberg 10 Christian O., Professor of Communications @ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Tradition of Debate in North Carolina” in Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century By Allan D. Louden, p. 311
The second major … increasingly complex world.
Three- Agnosticism – This is a process of antilogic – it’s what teaches us to affect power systems and persuade an external audience – this requires the stasis of the topic and understanding the full spectrum of the controversy – this allows the structure of debate to solve the aff’s offense
INOUE 5 ASAO B. INOUE – at the time of this writing, Asao held an MA in Rhetoric and Communication from Oregon State. He is currently an Associate Professor of Rhetoric and Composition at Fresno State, focusing on writing assessment and race studies. This dissertation was approved by Dissertation Chair: Victor Villanueva. Dr. Victor Villanueva received his PhD in English from the University of Washington in 1986. Since then, he has worked not only as a professor of rhetoric and writing, but as an Equal Opportunity Program Director, Writing Project Director, a Director of Composition, twice as Department Chair (at Washington State University and at Auburn University), and Interim Associate Dean – “THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF RACISM AND COMMUNITY-BASED ASSESSMENT PRACTICE” –submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of English May 2005 – obtainable via google search… This link should work: https://research.wsulibs.wsu.edu/xmlui/.../2376/.../a_inoue_012205.pdf?
Gutherie’s definition of … relationships it nurtured.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Harrison MZ | Judge: Kieran Cavanagh, Benjamin Koh, Kathy Wang
The 1AC’s discourse of Africa as a continent is a western construction that perpetuates racism; this methodology equates Africa with western notions of mystery, darkness, savagery and barbarism.
Austin 90 – (Sydney Byrn S. Bryn Austin is an Associate Professor in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Department of Socail and Behavioral Sciences at Harvard University. Dr. Austin’s primary research is in the behavioral sciences and social epidemiology, addressing social and physical environmental influences on physical activity, nutritional patterns, and eating disorders risk in school and community settings. In addition, her research interests include lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescent health. "AIDS and Africa: United States Media and Racist Fantasy" Cultural Critique, No. 14, The Construction of Gender and Modes of Social Division II (Winter, 1989-1990), pp. 129-152) GHSGB
The notion, within … of the Other.
Western definitions of African identity sustain a modern racial hierarchy–we must challenge these dehumanizing terms in order to restore African agency.
Keita 99 (Lansana Ambassador of Guinea Conakry, Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, “Africa and its Linguistic Problematic” http://www.quest-journal.net/Quest_1999_PDF_articles/Quest_13_keita.pdf) GHSGB
But this is … or Portugal respectively.

Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AK | Judge: Steve Knell
The use of blindness discourse is problematic – it perpetuates ableism and the idea that blindness implies moral inferiority
Treiman 11 Shelley Tremain (University of Toronto, Social Justice Education). “Ableist language and philosophical associations.” 2011, http://www.newappsblog.com/2011/07/ableist-language-and-philosophical-associations.html
Over the last … Board of Directors.
Exclusion of disabled bodies is the root cause of violence – vote aff to reject their use of ableist language.
Siebers 10 (Tobin, professor of English, University of Michigan, Disability Aesthetics, pgs 23-28)
Disqualification as a … justifiable human inferiority.

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 7 | Opponent: Hunter NP | Judge: Christian Quiroz
The Roll of the ballot is to vote for the debater that best breaks down machines of deviance.
The 1AC invokes a static conception of the good person by establishing a set schema of virtues that define the “normal” subject that defines deviance through difference from the subject. Policing of deviance assumes the existence of a unified, ideal subject. Modern society relies on this concept to restrict individuals from pursuing different ways of being.  
Invisible Committee 9:  The Invisible Committee (a bunch of French commune dwellers). The Coming Insurrection. First Circle. 2009.
“I AM WHAT … is cracking everywhere.
The 1AC’s notion of love is ahistorical and based in a normal white subject—love isn’t a singular virtue and the affirmatives representation as love as something that is positive ignores the way rape culture and love is trauma to those who experience violence—self-care and self-healing is necessary and only pure becoming can break away from rigid social standards.
Moya 12 (Paula, writer @ Boston Review, “The Search for Decolonial Love: An Interview with Junot Díaz,” June 26, 2012, https://bostonreview.net/books-ideas/paula-ml-moya-decolonial-love-interview-junot-dC3ADaz)
PM: The way … inequality of love.
The aff’s used of the State makes the State the definer of correct love. Are gay couples part of the affs framework? What about sociopaths? This strengthens a fixed legal order which leaves no room for creative expression of subjectivity.
Deuchars 11:  Deuchars, Robert. “Creating Lines of Flight and Activating Resistance: Deleuze and Guattari’s War Machine.” AntePodium, Victoria University Wellington, 2011.
Deleuze and Guattari use … from Anti-Oedipus, perhaps?
This normalization of value is the tool of Eurocentric powers to alienate knowledge production that opposes oppression. This guarantees violence.
Djunatan 11: Djunatan, Stephanus. The Principle of Affirmation An Ontological and Epistemological Ground of Interculturality. Diss. Erasmus University, 2011. Rotterdamn: Erasmus University, 2011,
Deleuze and Guattari uncover … means of violence.
The alternative is to act as the war machine—this is not about literal war, but rather the nomadic potential of exceeding state-imposed identity construction.
Deleuze and Guattari 87:  Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. University of Minnesota Press. 1987. http://projectlamar.com/media/A-Thousand-Plateaus.pdf
One of the … one another's methods).65

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: Triples | Opponent: Presentation AS | Judge: Adam Torson, Panny Shan, Sean Fee
The link is that the feminist standpoint inherently legitimates a gender duality. By defining women as a distinct social and biological group with certain characteristic experiences, the aff divides the world into male and female. 
Ferguson 91 – (Kathy E. Professor of Philosophy, University of Hawaii“Interpretation and Genealogy in Feminism” Signs, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Winter, 1991), pp. 322-339) GHSGB
An important tension … knowledge and politics.
The 1AC’s gender politics equate peace with the feminine – that not only turns the k’s revolutionary politics because they simply continue to essentialize gender but they also prop up militarism by misdiagnosing it.
Lucinda Joy Peach 97, Professor in the Department of Philosophy and Religion at American University, 1997, “Behind the Front Lines: Feminist Battles over Women in Combat,” in Wives and Warriors: Women and the Military in the United States and Canada, p. 111
Whereas Justice Feminists … than are men.
This exclusion is dangerous – if you don’t fit into neatly defined categories your experiences don’t count and you don’t matter.
Hope 12 - (Hope  PR specialist and journalist “A Penis and a Dress: Why the Gender Binary Needs to Go Away” Huffington Post) GHSGB
If your genitalia … and limiting categories.
The alternative is to deconstruct gender and reject the male/female binary that perpetuates heteronormativity as the only “proper” form of existence.
Mirabelli 12 – (Rebecca “My Anatomy, Your Sex: Deconstructing the sex/gender binary and heteronormativity through the isolation of gender from sexuality” http://youngchicagoauthors.org/girlspeak/blog/essays-articles/my-anatomy-your-sex-deconstructing-the-sexgender-binary-and-heteronormativity-through-the-isolation-of-gender-from-sexuality-by-rebecca-mirabelli) GHSGB
In a patriarchal … dismantling into nothing.

Tournament: TOC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Christopher Columbus JN | Judge: Kevin Krotz
Focus on sarcasm and irony is ableist, excluding those unable to detect it: this removes from the debate space those who are sociopathic, or who have Asperger syndrome, or other social disabilities.
Chin 14 (Richard Chin is a Twin Cities newspaper reporter. He was a Knight Journalism Fellow at Stanford University. Smithsonian Magazine: “The Science of Sarcasm? Yeah, Right” published November 14th, 2014. Accessed July 21st, 2015. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-science-of-sarcasm-yeah-right-25038/?all)
Actually, scientists are … we use it.

Multiple disabilities limit capacity to accurately interpret sarcasm
Williams ‘8 (Diane L. Williams: a Department of Speech Language Pathology, Rangos School of Health Sciences, Duquesne University; Gerald Goldstein: VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System and University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Nicole Kojkowski: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; and Nancy J. Minshewd, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. Res Autism Spectr Disord: “Do individuals with high functioning autism have the IQ profile associated with nonverbal learning disability? “Published June, 2008. Accessed July 24th, 2015. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4148695/) 

Individuals with high …challenge for diagnosticians. .
Ableism in the debate space excludes those with disabilities from participation. Only challenging ableist practices solves.
Zelinger 15 (Julie Zeilinger: a freelance author from the Barnard College class of 2015. Mic.com: “6 Forms of Ableism We Need to Retire Immediately” published July 7th, 2015. Accessed July 24th, 2015. http://mic.com/articles/121653/6-forms-of-ableism-we-need-to-retire-immediately)
Nearly 1 in … in our society."

The alternative is to recognize and challenge ableist assumptions in the educational space of debate by rejecting the other team
Hehir 07 (Thomas Hehir is Professor of Practice and Director of the School Leadership Program, Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Educational Leadership: “Confronting Ableism.” Published in February, 2007. Accessed July 20th, 2015. http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/feb07/vol64/num05/Confronting-Ableism.aspx)
The U.S. education … school and society.
Disability comes first – it’s a master trope to uncovering other forms of oppression. Siebers
Siebers 2010  “Disability Aesthetics” Tom Siebers 2010
Oppression is the … justifiable human inferiority.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CE | Judge: Taha Ziaee, Shivane Sabharwal, Karen Qi
Interpretation – The Cambridge Dictionary defines any:
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/grammar/british-grammar/quantifiers/any
We use any … in the dishwasher. (+ plural noun)
Any is a determiner in the context of the resolution – it specifies the scope of constitutionally protected speech we shouldn’t prohibit. Thus the aff is required to defend that all constitutionally protected speech must be allowed on college campus – and cannot specify to any finite quality / specific speech restriction to overturn.
Violation – you spec
Standards

1. Field Context:
   Any is unambiguously all-inclusive – that’s circuit court precedent.
   Fourth Circuit Judge Francis Dominic Murnaghan in US v Atkins United States v. Atkins, 872 F.2d 94, 96 (4th Cir.1989), “OPINION: *95 Murnaghan”, Circuit Judge, http://mtweb.mtsu.edu/cewillis/Hermeneutics/US20v20Atkins.pdf BWSWJ
   Thus, considering the … should be affirmed.
   And analysis of congress’ intent and purpose when drafting laws including the word “any” confirms the interpretation is most applicable to governmental action
   Basler 2 Tracey A. Basler, 2002, NEW ENGLAND LAW REVIEW: Vol. 37:1, p 147-182, “Does “Any” Mean “All” or Does “Any” Mean “Some”? An Analysis of the “Any Court” Ambiguity of the Armed Career Criminal Act and Whether Foreign Convictions Count as Predicate Convictions”  BWSWJ
   Analysis of the … not just some.
   2. Ground – any other interpretation gives the aff functionally infinite ground.
   Eckert 16:  Bennett Eckert “Topic Analysis by Bennett Eckert.” Champion Briefs: Jan/Feb 2017. 2016.
   This is potentially the most frustrating word in the topic. Merriam-Webster’s first definition of it is: 1: one or some indiscriminately of whatever kind: a: one or another taken at random ask any man you meet b: every —used to indicate one selected without restriction any child would know that8 It seems, then, that this “any” does mean something like “every” in this instance. However, that would not mean that the resolution is saying that colleges could restrict some, but not every instance of free speech. Rather, the topic intuitively seems to be saying that colleges cannot restrict any free speech; there should be no restrictions on constitutionally protected speech. The implication of this is obvious: plans are not topical. There also seems to be an obvious argument for plans not being allowed on this topic regardless of whether the word “any” was in the topic. If the affirmative were allowed to say “colleges should not restrict some specific instance of constitutionally protected speech”, then they would pick absurd, unbeatable affs. For example, people would read plans like “Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict students’ right to write papers on Kant.” Or “Colleges shouldn’t restrict students’ right to say racism is bad.” All of these would, if the aff could specify one sort of speech, be theoretically defensible plans. However, they are clearly terrible for debate: they would force the negative into an awful position and give them no educational ground to debate about. For this reason, I will focus my discussion in the next two sections on affirmatives that defend the whole resolution.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Octas | Opponent: Immaculate Heart DD | Judge: Nick Steele, Daniel Park, Steve Knell
Interpretation – The affirmative must only eliminate restrictions on constitutionally protected speech – they cannot fiat or gain offense from removing a speech regulation that’s constitutional. Constitutionally protected is limited by exceptions created by the Supreme Court – its protected unless there’s a specific exemption in play.
Shapiro (Professor Shapiro, University of Mainz, "Freedom of Speech", https://home.ubalt.edu/shapiro/rights_course/Chapter4text.htm, 2001)
IV. FREEDOM OF SPEECH … unconstitutional content-based distinctions.
Violation – Lipson is about safe spaces, but student rights to safe spaces are constitutionally protected.
Palumbo-Liu (David Palumbo-Liu, "Students Have A Legal Right To Safe Spaces", posted on Nov. 17, 2015, https://www.buzzfeed.com/davidpalumboliu/students-have-a-legal-right-to-safe-spaces?utm_term=.bkpzjJ5qq#.dop921xoo)
Last week, several … for you, either.”
Standards

1. Field Context –
   2. Limits
   There are thousands of speech codes and policies that the aff can choose to overturn – destroying my ability to engage the aff.
   Lukianoff (Greg Lukianoff, "Campus Speech Codes: Absurd, Tenacious, and Everywhere", May 23, 2008 , https://www.nas.org/articles/Campus_Speech_Codes_Absurd_Tenacious_and_Everywhere)
   For our 2007 … and 2 green.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CE | Judge: Taha Ziaee, Shivane Sabharwal, Karen Qi
Same everything else
Restrictions on student journalism are constitutionally protected –  Hosty v Carter shows that campuses are allowed under law to have editorial constraints.
SMU Law Library (http://library.law.smu.edu/Collections/Ellen-K~-~-Solender-Institute/Case-Summaries/Hosty-v~-~-Carter)
Student journalists of …in the case.

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lynbrook | Judge: Karen Qi
Courts are overburdened and nearly failing but the GOP election could reduce caseload
Bendery 15 Jennifer Bendery (White House and Congressional Reporter); 09/30/2015; “Federal Judges Are Burned Out, Overworked And Wondering Where Congress Is”; http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/judge-federal-courts-vacancies_us_55d77721e4b0a40aa3aaf14b BWSWJ
For many district … way too thin.
Court involvement in public institution speech cases causes court clog
Less 09 Gia B. Less, Professor-UCLA School of Law, 2009, “First Amendment Enforcement in Government Institutions and Programs,” UCLA Law Review, August, 56 UCLA L. Rev. 1691, p. 1723
This theme - that … overwhelm the courts. n169
Court clog from new litigation independently destroys the economy
Fix-Fierro 3, Circuit Master Judge, 3 (Hector, Courts, Justice, and Efficiency: A Social Justice Legal Study of Economic Rationality in Adjudication, p. 123)
Regarding the second … domestic) economic actors.123
An economic collapse causes a global nuclear war.  
Aaron Friedberg and Gabriel Schoenfeld, 2008 (prof. of politics @ Princeton and Senior editor of the Wall Street Journal) WALL STREET JOURNAL.  Oct. 21, 2008.  Retrieved May 17, 2014 from  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122455074012352571.html.
Then there are … external adventures.
Preventing existential risk in the short term is key to preventing long term oppression and suffering – framework is a gateway to solving your impact
Parfit 17 Derek Parfit (Derek Parfit was a British philosopher who specialised in problems of personal identity, rationality, ethics, and the relations among them. His 1984 book Reasons and Persons has been very influential.); Passage from his upcoming book On What Matters which will be released in March 2017; The passage was shared on DailyNous by philosopher Peter Singer; http://dailynous.com/2017/01/02/derek-parfit-1942-2017/#comment-96731 BWSWJ
I regret that, … the Universe exists.

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 5 | Opponent: Lynbrook | Judge: Karen Qi
Endowments are high now but dropping rapidly - protests are alienating alumni donors, who are of older generations
Hartocollis 8/4 – Anemona Hartocollis, writer for NYT: August 4, 2016(“College Students Protest, Alumni’s Fondness Fades and Checks Shrink” New York Times Available at http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/05/us/college-protests-alumni-donations.html?_r=0 Accessed on 12/15/16)IG
Scott MacConnell cherishes … to campus protests.
Endowment funds are key to US competitiveness – ensures college quality
Leigh 14 Steven R. Leigh (dean of CU-Boulder’s College of Arts and Sciences), "Endowments and the future of higher education," UColorado Boulder, March 2014 AZ
These broad trends … viability and vitality.
Innovation solves great power war
Taylor 4 – Professor of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Mark, “The Politics of Technological Change: International Relations versus Domestic Institutions,” Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 4/1/2004, http://www.scribd.com/doc/46554792/Taylor) RGP
I. Introduction Technological innovation … the first place.

Tournament: CPS | Round: 4 | Opponent: Harker KS | Judge: Cameron Cohen
Current protections against hate speech are working – on campus harrassment is decreasing nationally now.  Sutton 16  
Sutton 16 Halley Sutton, Report shows crime on campus down across the country, Campus Security Report 13.4 (2016), 9/9/16,http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/casr.30185/full LADI
A recent report … offenses and murder.
Removing restrictions on free speech allows hate speech – hate speech IS free speech
Volokh 15 Eugene Volokh,No, There’s No “hate Speech” Exception to the First Amendment, The Washington Post, 5/7/15, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2015/05/07/no-theres-no-hate-speech-exception-to-the-first-amendment/?utm_term=.05cfdd01dea4 LADI
I keep hearing … I know of.)
Hate speech leads to a genocidal increase in crimes against marginalized groups.  
Greenblatt 15 Jonathan Greenblatt, When Hateful Speech Leads to Hate Crimes: Taking Bigotry Out of the Immigration Debate, Huffington Post, 8/21/15, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jonathan-greenblatt/when-hateful-speech-leads_b_8022966.html LADI
When police arrived … the ball rolling.
The aff’s trivialization of hate speech undermines our project against systemic racism and oppression as a whole. EVEN if you grant them their silencing impacts – that silencing is KEY to create a cultural shift.
Watterson 91 (Kim M. Watterson, 'THE POWER OF WORDS: THE POWER OF ADVOCACY CHALLENGING THE POWER OF HATE SPEECH', 1991 by the University of Pittsburgh Law Review; Kim M. Watterson, 52 U. Pitt. L. Rev. 955 University of Pittsburgh Law Review Summer, 1991, JL)
Second, hate speech … will be strengthened.
It’s try or die for speech restrictions – leaving racism unaddressed will only make things worse, a proactive approach is key to solve. Garcia 10 (Garcia, Edelmira. "Perpetuating Racism Through The Freedom Of Speech." Center on Democracy in a Multiracial Society. Ch. 5. Pg. 79. 2010. Web. December 08, 2016.  http://www.academia.edu/958890/Strategies_for_Achieving_Diversity_in_Urban_Planni ng_A_Case_Study_at_the_University_of_Illinois.)
Undoubtedly, there are … to do so.
Hate speech chills campus behavior – this turns AC impacts. Tsesis 10(Tsesis, Alexander. "Burning Crosses On Campus: University Hate Speech Codes." Connecticut Law Review 617. 2010. Web. December 05, 2016. http://lawecommons.luc.edu/facpubs/131/.)
Allowing students or … or instigate violence.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Quarters | Opponent: Harvard Westlake CE | Judge: Taha Ziaee, Shivane Sabharwal, Karen Qi
Counterplan Text – Colleges and Universities ought to allow all constitutionally protected speech in student publications except for hate speech
Publicaitons are a source of hate on campus – it’s been used to promote platforms for htings look holocaust denial. Foxman 10 (Abraham H. Foxman National Director Anti-Defamation League, Fighting Holocaust Denial in Campus Newspaper Advertisements A Manual for Action Revised: May 2010)
Holocaust denial is … in this effort.
Hate speech leads to a genocidal increase in crimes against marginalized groups.  
Greenblatt 15 Jonathan Greenblatt, When Hateful Speech Leads to Hate Crimes: Taking Bigotry Out of the Immigration Debate, Huffington Post, 8/21/15, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jonathan-greenblatt/when-hateful-speech-leads_b_8022966.html LADI
When police arrived …the ball rolling.
Hate speech chills campus behavior – this turns AC impacts. Tsesis 10(Tsesis, Alexander. "Burning Crosses On Campus: University Hate Speech Codes." Connecticut Law Review 617. 2010. Web. December 05, 2016. http://lawecommons.luc.edu/facpubs/131/.)
Allowing students or … or instigate violence.

Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: Mission San Jose AK | Judge: Steve Knell
I value morality.
To value any end, I must value the conditions necessary to will that end – independence is one of those conditions, since end-setting requires I be free from another’s control. Willing means I hold myself to be able to fulfill that end, which requires freedom.  There can be no objection to deny another’s freedom since they possess the same right and that would deny my worth – resolving disputes via unilateral coercion is a contradiction.
Korsgaard:  Christine M. Korsgaard “Taking the Law into Our Own Hands: Kant on the Right to Revolution” Oxford University Press. 2008
Suppose we are … some lawful way.
Thus we must have an omnilateral will since it’s a contradiction by willing a world where the will is denied or clashing without resolution. All claims are provisional until brought under public right – only reciprocal coercion is consistent with freedom.
Korsgaard 2:  Christine M. Korsgaard “Taking the Law into Our Own Hands: Kant on the Right to Revolution” Oxford University Press. 2008
Now, with respect … a civil constitution. (MPJ 6:256)
Thus the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will.
Seditious speech violates freedom – revolution amounts to a contradiction, so speech supporting it is willing a world where there is no omnilateral will.
Varden:  Helga Varden Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Illinois “A Kantian Conception of Free Speech” Springer. 2010
To understand Kant’s … a public crime (6: 331).
That negates – seditious speech is constitutionally protected.
JUSTIA Law:  “Seditious Speech and Seditious Libel” http://law.justia.com/constitution/us/amendment-01/41-seditious-speech.html brackets in original
Seditious Speech and …form of government.”

Tournament: Berkeley | Round: 2 | Opponent: Lynbrook VV | Judge: Tom Kadie
Interpretation – The aff must defend that all public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech and may not specify to a single public college or university or subset of colleges or universities.  
Debois 16:  Danny DeBois (Harvard ’18) debated for Harrison High School in New York for 4 years. He won the TOC, NCFL Grand Nationals, the Minneapple, the Glenbrooks, and the Harvard Invitational (twice), coaches Harvard Westlake.. “Topic Analysis by Danny DeBois” January-February 2017 LD Brief. Victory Briefs. 2016. p.17
First, “public colleges and universities” is a bare plural—i.e. there’s no article or demonstrative in front of public colleges and universities like “the” or “these” indicating which ones the resolution is talking about. Bare plurals indicate that the resolution is a generic statement, and consequently, in order to textually affirm, aff advocacies would have to prove why public colleges and universities in general ought not limit constitutionally protected speech, not why certain public colleges and universities should have certain procedures.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Octas | Opponent: Immaculate Heart DD | Judge: Nick Steele, Daniel Park, Steve Knell
Their faith in deliberation - that we should ‘convince the racist’ - is grounded in color-blind paternalism. It places faith in white virtue and imposes a burden  that results in antiblack violence.
Delgado and Yun ’94: (Richard Delgado and David H. Yun, Pressure Valves and Bloodied Chickens: An Analysis of Paternalistic Objections to Hate Speech Regulation, 82 Cal. L. Rev. 871 (1994)FT)
Regulation, 82 Cal. L. Rev. 871 (1994) D. "More Speech"-Talking Back to … for educating others?
The alternative is to reject the constitution as an excuse for racism. The alt ruptures the myth of white virtue: they are not simply ignorant or looking to play ‘devil’s advocate.’ The alternative creates the platform necessary to define freedom and equality substantively not formally.
Matsuda 93 Mari Matsuda (Law Professor at the William S. Richardson School of Law at the University of Hawaii). “Words that Wound: Critical Race The- ory, Assaultive Speech, and the First Amendment.” Westview Press. 1993. HW. https://books.google.com/books/about/Words_that_Wound.html?id=Mllj8BuAlJYC
One of the … in the fields.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Mountain View VP | Judge: Shivane Sabharwal, Anne-Marie Hwang, Michael Harris
Interpretation – The aff must defend that constitutionally protected speech ought not be restricted, not prohibited.  Oxford Dictionary defines restrict:
https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/restrict
put a limit on; keep under control.

Tournament: CPS | Round: Doubles | Opponent: Mountain View VP | Judge: Shivane Sabharwal, Anne-Marie Hwang, Michael Harris
Prescriptive claims can’t be derived from descriptive properties like how we descriptively reason. Explanatory meta-ethical accounts of morality commit a conceptual error. Morality exists to explain what is right, not what is so.
Reader Reader, Soren. Late Professor of Philosophy, Durham University “New Directions in Ethics: Naturalism, Reasons, and Virtue.” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, Vol. 3, No. 4, Dec. 2000.
What is the … need to go.
Instead, a virtue paradigm views ethics as a developmental social phenomenon in which the pre-existing moral categories and inculcated as a disposition.
Reader 2: Reader, Soren. Late Professor of Philosophy, Durham University “New Directions in Ethics: Naturalism, Reasons, and Virtue.” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, Vol. 3, No. 4, Dec. 2000.
Virtue is a … what constitutes it.
Thus the standard is Promoting Human Flourishing.
Contention
The state has an obligation to inculcate civic virtue.
Smith:  George H. Smith FEB 28, 2012 The Roots of State Education Part 3: Aristotle and Civic Virtue formerly Senior Research Fellow for the Institute for Humane Studies, a lecturer on American History for Cato Summer Seminars, and Executive Editor of Knowledge Products. Smith's fourth book, The System of Liberty, was recently published by Cambridge University Press.
Aristotle explicitly repudiated … of the State….”
That entails restricting university speech.
Byrne 91, J. Peter Byrne (Associate Professor, Georgetown University Law Center), Racial Insults and Free Speech Within the University, 79 Geo. L.J. 399 (1991).
The university’s relationship … been insufficiently studied.

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Chaminade CC | Judge: Michael OKrent
Open Source

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 1 | Opponent: Montville RU | Judge: Nick Montecalvo
Africa is planning to build nuclear desalination plants in the status quo.
WDR ’15: (WDR: Water Desalination and Reuse Organization that writes about water crises “South Africa's Cape ponders desalination as water crisis grips.” November 2015FT)
The provincial government … here," she said.
Nuclear power in Africa is key to fresh water – staves off MASSIVE POVERTY
EN ’16: Eyewitness News News source “SA has to build nuclear power stations due to lack of water.” Eyewitness News, 2016
CAPE TOWN - Minister of … of the country.
African water shortages cause terror, war, structal violence, and tons of other awful impacts.
Goldemberg ‘14: Goldemberg, Suzanne Contributor, The Guardian “Why global water shortages pose threat of terror and war.” The Guardian. February 2014)
On 17 January, … a precipice here."

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: New Trier | Judge: Sarika Gupta
Open Source

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Montgomery WP | Judge: Terrence Lonam
Open Source

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Adam Torson

China is the top emitter, but not for long. China’s plan to reduce emissions relies on massive nuclear power production and it’s posited to succeed.

WNA 16: World Nuclear Association (The WNA’s mission is to promote a wider understanding of nuclear energy among key international influencers by producing authoritative information, developing common industry positions, and contributing to the energy debate. It works closely with the IAEA, the inter-governmental body for technical and scientific cooperation in nuclear energy and WANO, the industry’s reactor safety organisation; and other regional and national nuclear associations around the world), “Nuclear Power in China” August 2016. http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-a-f/china-nuclear-power.aspx SF
While coal is … 62 in 2020.

China’s current plan to solve their emissions is wholly contingent on a mass nuclear power program, the aff would destroy this.

Anderson 15: Richard Anderson (Business Reporter at BBC News and works with the Science of Online Communication), “Nuclear power: Energy for the future or relic of the past?” BBC News. Feb 27, 2015. http://www.bbc.com/news/business-30919045 SF
In fact, according …nuclear power plants."

China is the tipping point on global warming. Human survival in the long run depends on if they can fix their emissions now.

Heydarian 15: Richard Heydarian (specialist in Asian geopolitical/economic affairs at Al Jazeera), “Climate change and China: The indispensable nation” Al Jazeera. Dec 15, 2015. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2015/12/climate-change-china-indispensable-nation-151214121546159.html SF
The message is … for humanity's survival.

Global warming means extinction – it’s real, anthropogenic, and outweighs other threats.

Deibel 7: (Gary International Relations @ Naval War College “Foreign Affairs Strategy: Logic and American Statecraft” Cambridge University Press, 2007, MG)
Finally, there is … on this planet.

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 1 | Opponent: Lynbrook AP | Judge: John Scoggin
Open Source

Tournament: Meadows | Round: Semis | Opponent: Peninsula JL | Judge: Shania Hunt, Sierra Inglet, Nick Steele

A prohibition of nuclear power in Japan means more coal power plants and carbon emissions – new nuclear plants are key to stopping climate disruption and propel the growth of clean energy.

Shipley ’16:  ~David (The senior editor responsible for Bloomberg View’s editorials) March 10th "Japan's Careful Return to Nuclear Power" Bloomberg https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-03-10/japan-s-careful-return-to-nuclear-power SHSAM Bracketed for efficiency~
Before Fukushima led … its responsibilities seriously.

Renewables are too costly – there’s: no infrastructure, supply chain bottlenecks, building costs, connection costs, intermittency, and base load energy inefficiency.

Economist ’14: (M.J. "Why is renewable energy so expensive?" The Economist. Jan 5th 2014. http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2014/01/economist-explains-0
MOST people agree … run at full-blast.

Coal outweighs huge - 4,000 times more people than nuclear power.

Roos  ’11:  (Jerome Roos, The Breakthrough Institute (researcher), "Coal Kills 4,000 Times More People Per Unit of Energy than Nuclear" 4/11/11 http://thebreakthrough.org/archive/coal'kills'4000'times'more'peo)
When you actually …re people than nuclear.

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Chaminade CC | Judge: Michael OKrent
Open Source

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: Northwood KK | Judge: Adam Torson
Open Source

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 1 | Opponent: Montville RU | Judge: Nick Montecalvo
Warming is increasing at alarming rates – we’ll cross critical thresholds soon but the worst impacts can still be avoided if we cut emissions now.
Putic 9-29:  George Putic, 9-29-2016, "Report: Floods, Droughts, Storms Likely to Increase Sharply in Future," VOA, http://www.voanews.com/a/environmental-report-says-floods-droughts-storms-likely-to-increase-sharply-in-future/3530383.html
Seven renowned environmental … endanger coastal areas.
Nuclear production decline causes a shift to coal which means we don’t hit climate change prevention targets – models show nuclear will prevents almost half of the CO2 necessary to stop runaway warming.
Kkarecha and Hansen 13:  Dr. Pushker A. Kharecha and Dr. James E. Hansen Professors and associate director/Director at Earth Institute, Columbia University “Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power” Environ. Sci. Technol., 2013, 47 (9), pp 4889–4895
GHG Emissions. We … 240 by 500).
Continues:
In conclusion, it … global energy supply.
That solves 1.84 million air pollution deaths – historically nuclear power has avoided 370 times as many deaths as it’s caused, even factoring in accidents and radiation.
Kkarecha and Hansen 13:  Dr. Pushker A. Kharecha and Dr. James E. Hansen Professors and associate director/Director at Earth Institute, Columbia University “Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power” Environ. Sci. Technol., 2013, 47 (9), pp 4889–4895
Mortality. We calculate … of ref 16).
A switch to coal is by far the most likely scenario – renewables are too costly – there’s: no infrastructure, supply chain bottlenecks, building costs, connection costs, intermittency, and base load energy inefficiency.
Economist 14: M.J. “Why is renewable energy so expensive?” The Economist. Jan 5th 2014. http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2014/01/economist-explains-0
MOST people agree … run at full-blast.
Climate change disproportionately affects people of color and causes extinction.
Pellow 12: (David Naguib Pellow 12, Ph.D. Professor, Don Martindale Endowed Chair – University of Minnesota, “Climate Disruption in the Global South and in African American Communities: Key Issues, Frameworks, and Possibilities for Climate Justice,” February 2012, http://www.jointcenter.org/sites/default/files/upload/research/files/White_Paper_Climate_Disruption_final.pdf)
It is now … the global North.
Coal mining destroys indigenous culture – the indigenous HATE coal mines on their tribal land.
Aguilar ’16: (Aguilar, Julian Contributor, Texas Tribute “Native American Groups Join Effort Against Coal Mine.” Texas Tribute. April 2016.)
Members of several … of the land.
Indigenous lands are a target for coal.
Grist ’04: (Grist staff “A clean-energy advocate and former V.P. candidate answers questions.” Grist. Apr 20, 2004FT)
For decades, uranium … Nevada (Western Shoshone).

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 1 | Opponent: Montville RU | Judge: Nick Montecalvo
Counterplan text – Countries ought to develop long-term geological nuclear waste repositories and enter into a consent-based decision-making process with indigenous communities for siting nuclear waste management facilities.
Solves the aff – removes waste from indigenous lands by isolating it from humans and ensures they are included in the decision-making process.
Picot et al 1: Cynthia Picot Nuclear Energy Agency Chief of Cabinet, Head of the Central Secretariat, External Relations and Public Affairs, Hans Riotte Head of the Radiation Protection and Radioactive Waste Management Division at the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA). Holds a PhD in nuclear physics, and Jorge Lang-Lenton Leon Director of Communication, ENRESA, “Sustainable solutions for radioactive waste” OECD Observer No 226/227, Summer 2001.
The long-term solution … solutions being proposed.

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: Northwood KK | Judge: Adam Torson
Open Source

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 5 | Opponent: Northwood KK | Judge: Adam Torson
Open Source

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Paul Gravley
Open Source

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Chaminade CC | Judge: Michael OKrent
Open Source

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Adam Torson

Counterplan Text: All countries should join the International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation.

The CP creates networks for nuclear power without having to establish domestic facilities and educates countries on the safe and proper use of nuclear power.

WNA 15:  World Nuclear Association; Information on nuclear energy and the nuclear fuel cycle; August 2015; “International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation”; http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/current-and-future-generation/international-framework-for-nuclear-energy-coopera.aspx; JLB (8/8/2016)
The International Framework … Design Evaluation Programme (MDEP).

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Chaminade CC | Judge: Michael OKrent
Open Source

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Montgomery WP | Judge: Terrence Lonam
Open Source

Tournament: Loyola | Round: 4 | Opponent: Chaminade CC | Judge: Michael OKrent
Open Source

Tournament: Meadows | Round: Semis | Opponent: Peninsula JL | Judge: Shania Hunt, Sierra Inglet, Nick Steele

Interpretation – The aff must defend that all countries prohibit the production of nuclear power and may not specify to a single country or subset of countries.  To clarify, the aff may read advantages about specific countries, they just have to defend all countries.

1. Textuality – the word "countries" in the resolution is a bare plural indicating the resolution is generic.

Debois 16:  Danny DeBois (Harvard ’18) debated for Harrison High School in New York for 4 years. He won the TOC, NCFL Grand Nationals, the Minneapple, the Glenbrooks, and the Harvard Invitational (twice), coaches Harvard Westlake.. "Topic Analysis by Danny DeBois" September-October 2016 LD Brief. Victory Briefs. 2016. p.11
Importantly, "countries" in … should prohibit it.

2. Limits

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: Nueva AK | Judge: Kathy Wang
Electricity prices are on the decline but extremely volatile – maintaining stable prices is key
Soloman 16 (Dave, journalist @ union leader, “Wholesale prices low, electricity rates high,” April 3, 2016, http://www.unionleader.com/Dave-Solomons-Power-Plays-Wholesale-prices-low-electricity-rates-high)
The operator of … year to year.
The plan causes oil prices to spike
Tverberg 11 (Gail E, writer @ Oil Prices, “What The End Of Nuclear Power Would Actually Mean For The World,” March 16, 2011, http://www.businessinsider.com/what-would-be-the-impact-if-we-discontinued-nuclear-energy-2011-3)
4. Rolling blackouts would … used for generation.
High energy prices cause a huge increase in food prices
Thompson 8 (John, is the director of public relations for the Idaho Farm Bureau Federation, “Commentary: Don't throw ethanol under the bus,” The Idaho Business Review, 9/8/08, pg nexis)
The U.S. Department … such as grains.
Food insecurity causes global instability, famine, poverty, war, disease, and extinction 
Winnail 96 (Ph.D., M.P.H, 1996 (Douglas S., "On the Horizon: Famine," September/October, http://www.kurtsaxon.com/foods004.htm)
As a result … would be possible!

Tournament: Meadows | Round: Semis | Opponent: Peninsula JL | Judge: Shania Hunt, Sierra Inglet, Nick Steele

Electricity prices are on the decline but extremely volatile – maintaining stable prices is key

Soloman 16 (Dave, journalist @ union leader, "Wholesale prices low, electricity rates high," April 3, 2016, http://www.unionleader.com/Dave-Solomons-Power-Plays-Wholesale-prices-low-electricity-rates-high)
The operator of … year to year. 

The plan causes oil prices to spike

Tverberg 11 (Gail E, writer @ Oil Prices, "What The End Of Nuclear Power Would Actually Mean For The World," March 16, 2011, http://www.businessinsider.com/what-would-be-the-impact-if-we-discontinued-nuclear-energy-2011-3)
4. Rolling blackouts would … used for generation.

Japan links.

WNA 8/16: "Nuclear Power in Japan (Updated August 2016)." World Nuclear Association, August 2016FT)
Japan needs to … and October 2015.

High energy prices cause a huge increase in food prices

Thompson 8 (John, is the director of public relations for the Idaho Farm Bureau Federation, "Commentary: Don't throw ethanol under the bus," The Idaho Business Review, 9/8/08, pg nexis)
The U.S. Department … such as grains. 

Food insecurity causes global instability, war, political upheavals, and extinction 

Winnail 96 (Ph.D., M.P.H, 1996 (Douglas S., "On the Horizon: Famine," September/October, http://www.kurtsaxon.com/foods004.htm)
As a result … would be possible!

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 5 | Opponent: Greenhill SK | Judge: Kathy Bond

Electricity prices are on the decline but extremely volatile – maintaining stable prices is key

Soloman 16 (Dave, journalist @ union leader, “Wholesale prices low, electricity rates high,” April 3, 2016, http://www.unionleader.com/Dave-Solomons-Power-Plays-Wholesale-prices-low-electricity-rates-high)
The operator of … year to year. 

The plan causes oil prices to spike

 
Tverberg 11 (Gail E, writer @ Oil Prices, “What The End Of Nuclear Power Would Actually Mean For The World,” March 16, 2011, http://www.businessinsider.com/what-would-be-the-impact-if-we-discontinued-nuclear-energy-2011-3)
4. Rolling blackouts would … used for generation.

Increased electricity prices collapses the US steel industry

VELJ 2K (Villanova Environmental Law Journal, 11 Vill. Envtl. L.J. 161, “STEEL INDUSTRY WATCH OUT! THE KYOTO PROTOCOL IS LURKING”)
In addition to … with steel components. 190

Causes extinction and structural violence.

Buyer 7 (Steve, Before the International Trade Commission, Member of the House of Representatives, Regarding the five-year sunset review on Certain Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products from Argentina, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Romania, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, and Ukraine, 7-31-7, (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-404-408 and 731-TA-898-908))
A robust steel … as a nation. 

Moral uncertainty means we default to preventing extinction under any ethical framework.

BOSTROM 11 (2011) Nick Bostrom, Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford Martin School and Faculty of Philosophy
These reflections on … any existential catastrophe.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: Semis | Opponent: Peninsula JL | Judge: Shania Hunt, Sierra Inglet, Nick Steele

The Nuclear Regulation Authority of Japan ought to enhance regulation of the nuclear industry. This entails:

A) increasing inspection competence,

B) amending nuclear safety law to make safety checks more flexible, and

C) maintaining status quo use of nuclear power.

Yamaguchi 16: Yamaguchi, Mari Contributor, US News "The International Atomic Energy Agency says Japan has improved its nuclear safety regulations since the 2011 Fukushima disaster, but it still needs to strengthen inspections and staff competency." US News. January 2016. RP
The IAEA inspection … never took action.

The counterplan solves the entirety of the Aff – regulations are binding and would have prevented Fukushima.

AP 16: Associated Press News organization "IAEA review spurs Japan nuclear regulators to bolster safety regimen, look to U.S. for training." Japan Times. April 2016. RP
The Nuclear Regulation … of the disaster.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 4 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Adam Torson

Saudi Arabia is facing an energy security crisis; only nuclear power can prevent economic damage.

Sukin 15: Lauren (Sukin is an editor and researcher at The Century Foundation. She is currently studying political science and literary arts at Brown University, where she will be a senior this fall.) “In Saudi Arabia, nuclear energy for nuclear energy’s sake” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists July 28th 2015 http:thebulletin.org/saudi-arabia-nuclear-energy-nuclear-energyE28099s-sake8570 JW
Escalating energy demand. … nuclear power programs.

Saudi Arabia is fine now but a collapse would destroy the global economy and cause regional wars.

Karasik et al 8-10: Theodore Karasik and Joseph Cozza “What If Saudi Arabia Collapses?” Lobelog Foreign Policy August 10th 2016https:lobelog.com/what-if-the-state-of-saudi-arabia-collapses/ JW
The collapse of … to prevent instability.

Global econ decline causes conflict, global nuke war, and extinction – many statistical analyses.

Royal 10: Jedediah Royal (Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense) “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises” Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives p. 213-214 2010
Less intuitive is … deserves more attention.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 2 | Opponent: HW VC | Judge: Ryan Fink
Singapore's at risk for water shortages now, but they're taking steps to preventing them—tech is key
Yangchen 4/4 (Lin, The Straits Times, "Singapore gearing up for increasing water stress in Asia," 2016,http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/environment/singapore-gearing-up-for-increasing-water-stress-in-asia) OS
In 2000, about … needs," he added.
Desalination is key in Singapore
Wong '15 (Kristine Wong is a regular contributor to TakePart and a multimedia journalist who reports on energy, the environment, sustainable business, and food. "Singapore Has No Natural Water Supply, but the Country Isn't Going Thirsty," 11/5, http:www.takepart.com/article/2015/11/05/singapores-solution-water-crisis) OS
In just 10 … demand in 2060.
Nuke power means large-scale desalination can come now but the plan reverses that—causes devastating shortages.
IAEA 15 — widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization within the United Nations family. Set up in 1957 as the world's centre for cooperation in the nuclear field, the Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies, "New Technologies for Seawater Desalination Using Nuclear Energy," IEAE TecDoc Series, 2015
It is anticipated … the Mediterranean region.
Water shortages cause war, disease, famine, and tons of other awful impacts.
Goldemberg 14: Goldemberg, Suzanne Contributor, The Guardian “Why global water shortages pose threat of terror and war.” The Guardian. February 2014)
On 17 January, … a precipice here."

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Paul Gravley
Open Source

Tournament: Bronx | Round: 6 | Opponent: Nueva AK | Judge: Kathy Wang
Counterplan Text: The United States federal government ought not involve themselves in the production of nuclear power. To clarify, they will neither prohibit the private production of nuclear power nor directly fund, subsidize, or in any other way use nuclear power themselves.
Solves the aff—Nuclear Power is prohibitively expensive but only exists because of government subsidies and publicly owned power plants – 2 warrants
First, Investors look for short-term gains, but nuke power is a long-term capital-intensive investment, so the free market would avoid it.
Pedraza 12:  Jorge Morales Pedraza, consultant on international affairs, ambassador to the IAEA for 26 yrs, degree in math and economy sciences, former professor, Energy Science, Engineering and Technology : Nuclear Power: Current and Future Role in the World Electricity Generation : Current and Future Role in the World Electricity Generation, New York. Bob
Many countries had … of any country.
Second, nuclear power isn’t competitive – subsidizing and supporting it just wastes money, and the government has to insure and clean up for accidents.
Gottfried 6:  Kurt; "Climate Change and Nuclear Power." Social Research: An International Quarterly 73.3 (2006): 1011-1024. Project MUSE. Web. 8 Aug. 2016. https://muse.jhu.edu/.
In the United … an attractive investment.

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 2 | Opponent: HW VC | Judge: Ryan Fink
Nuclear development is set to prevent uranium price collapse in the squo, but the aff freezes prices and prevents development of a positive approach to uranium --- empirics.
Morning 12:  Money Morning. “Uranium Stocks to Benefit From Nuclear Power Resurgence,” 23 Nov 2012, http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article37687.html
While the Fukushima … for a rebound.
Uranium price freezes kill Kazakhstan’s econ.
Vergnaud 16:  Vergnaud, Lara. “Can uranium save Kazakhstan?” Blouin News, 20 Jan 2016, http://blogs.blouinnews.com/blouinbeatbusiness/2016/01/20/can-uranium-save-kazakhstan/
Unlike most energy … supplying 2,100 tons.)
Kazakh economic development is a key model for Central Asia --- instability would spread and trigger Central Asian conflict.
Assenova et al 8:  Margarita Assenova et al, 2008. Director of Institute for New Democracies @ CSIS; with Natalie Zajicova, Program Officer (IND); Janusz Bugajski, CSIS NEDP Director; Ilona Teleki, Deputy Director and Fellow (CSIS); Besian Bocka, Program Coordinator and Research Assistant (CSIS). “Kazakhstan’s Strategic Significance,” CSIS Institute for New Democracies, http://eurodialogue.org/Kazakhstan-Strategic-Significance.
The decision by … to its neighbors.
Central Asian instability leads to nuclear war and extinction.
McDermott 11:  specializes in Russian and Central Asian defense and security issues and is a Senior Fellow in Eurasian Military Studies, The Jamestown Foundation, Washington DC, Senior International Research Fellow for the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO), Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and Affiliated Senior Analyst, Danish Institute for International Studies, Copenhagen. McDermott is on the editorial board of Central Asia and the Caucasus and the scientific board of the Journal of Power Institutions in Post-Soviet Societies. He recently wrote The Reform of Russia’s Conventional Armed Forces: Problems, Challenges and Policy Implications (Roger, “General Makarov Highlights the “Risk” of Nuclear Conflict”, 12/6/11, The Jamestown Foundation, http://www.jamestown.org/details/?tx_bzdstaffdirectory_pi15BshowUid5D=140andtx_bzdstaffdirectory_pi15BbackPid5D=60andno_cache=1)//GP
In the current .. to chew on.
moral uncertainty means we default to preventing extinction under any ethical framework.
BOSTROM 11: (2011) Nick Bostrom, Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford Martin School and Faculty of Philosophy
These reflections on … any existential catastrophe.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: New Trier | Judge: Sarika Gupta
Open Source

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 6 | Opponent: Kinkaid JY | Judge: Paul Gravley
Open Source