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+I value morality. Agency is inescapable, two warrants. This supports constitutivism. Ferrero |
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+The initial appeal ... viability of constitutivism. |
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+This has four implications: |
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+A) analytic |
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+B) analytic |
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+C) analytic |
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+D) analytic |
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+ |
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+Our agency dictates that violations of freedom are immoral. Ripstein |
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+“Equal Freedom is a role of successful ... infinite freedom violations. |
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+ |
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+An act is only permissible under agency if willing a maxim allows the action to be a universal law by which everyone acts. Maxims fail this test if they produce contradictions in the will when universalized. Contradictions outweigh: when universalized all contradictions become permissible creating infinite freedom violations. Engstrom |
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+Now on the ... the same freedom. |
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+ |
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+Only the categorical imperative solves contradictions in the will and upholds an agent’s autonomy. The categorical imperative is imposed by the structure of the will implicating that the will can only be the cause of itself. Korsgaard |
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+We are here ...when one violates. |
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+ |
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+Prefer additionally: |
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+1. analytic |
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+2. analytic |
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+ |
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+Lastly, only intended harms are morally relevant. First is the distinction of relevance of action. Cavanaugh |
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+Good and bad ... firm philosophical ground. |
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+ |
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+analytic |
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+ |
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+ |
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+Part 2 is the Offense |
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+I defend the resolution generally. If the neg wants me to defend a plan I will defend “Resolved: The United States ought to limit QI by removing the “clearly established” standard for police officers.” Just check in CX. I will adopt actors as well but you do not get access to DAs or T based off the actor if I comply. |
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+ |
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+Contention 1: Tort Law |
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+QI prevents essential tort litigation. Chen 06 |
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+The law provides ... assert qualified immunity. |
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+ |
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+That violates universal law. We must be held accountable for our actions. Ripstein 04 |
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+All of these ... of the good. |
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+ |
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+Contention 2: Constitution |
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+We must follow the constitution. Two warrants: |
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+1. analytic |
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+2. analytic |
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+ |
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+QI has no interpretation of our rights, which causes unlimited number of possible violations. Beerman 09 |
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+Pearson is another ... deciding on immunity. |
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+ |
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+underview |
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+omitted |