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+Interp: The aff must defend that all constitutionally protected speech in all venues ought not be restricted by public colleges or universities. To clarify, they can't defend removing a specific restriction on speech. |
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+=2-off = |
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+Interp: Debaters must read an explicitly labeled standard or role of the ballot text in the 1AC, specify whether it's ends or means based, and link their offense to it. |
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+====CP Text: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected journalistic speech except in instances of plagiarism ==== |
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+**SPLC 15** ~~Student Press Law Center, advocate for student First Amendment rights, for freedom of online speech, and for open government on campus, "Avoiding plagiarism in the student media," August 31, 2015, http://www.splc.org/article/2015/08/avoiding-plagiarism-in-the-student-media~~ JW |
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+"Plagiarist!" It is an accusation that strikes fear in the hearts of students |
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+AND |
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+unique reason as to why plagiarized articles are necessary to access the aff impacts |
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+ |
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+====Some university publications don't have external accountability which leads to educationally bankrupt journalism and an inability to check journalism==== |
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+WSN 16, WSN Editorial Board, 2016, Fake News Problem Includes Quack Journalism, http://www.nyunews.com/2016/12/01/fake-news-problem-includes-quack-journalism/ |
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+Specifically on the university level, publications like The Odyssey have damaged journalism by providing |
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+AND |
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+Americans reject all kinds of fake news sites and support the genuine article. |
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+ |
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+====The sale of academic writing, although blatant plagiarism, is speech protected by the first amendment ==== |
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+Duke Law Journal 73, Term Paper Companies and the Constitution, 1973, 1275-1317 (1974) Available at: http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/dlj/vol22/iss6/3 |
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+TERM PAPERS AS PROTECTED SPEECH UNDER THE FIRST AMENDMENT The preparation and sale of term |
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+AND |
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+the speech just in case it slips through the cracks of the government. |
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+ |
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+====Plagiarism harms the academic environment in universities==== |
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+Colantuono** ~~Florence Colantuono, "Academic Plagiarism." Explorable.~~** |
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+**The written word is used to gauge a persons experience and achievement, **when something is plagiarized it does not afford **the reader** a true opportunity **to understand the writer,** to gauge progress** in academia. Clearly this act impacts the writers learning. If when presented with a paper an unknowing instructor provides constructive criticism that is meant for the writer to help improve, it is wasted. The author can never know the status of their work if it is not their own. **Academic plagiarism** affects many people along the way. It obviously affects the person whose work has been plagiarized by not affording the author credit for hard work. It **affects the person who commits' the plagiarism by not affording** the person **an opportunity to receive constructive feedback.** By not sharing ones own ideas important milestones are missed. It affects the efforts of the instructor to gauge the material being taught as useful of not. Generally academic plagiarism affects the academic community as a whole. **Academic success is based on the ability of the institution to affect** both **public** and corporate **policy**, **with a high plagiarism rate the institution will lose standing and creditability. |