| ... |
... |
@@ -1,0
+1,70 @@ |
|
1 |
+=1-off = |
|
2 |
+ |
|
3 |
+ |
|
4 |
+====A. Uniqueness: Federal funding for colleges and universities is growing now and has been increasing for several years ==== |
|
5 |
+**Camera 16** ~~Lauren Camera, education reporter at US News, "Federal Education Funding: Where Does the Money Go?" US News, Jan. 14, 2016, http://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/data-mine/2016/01/14/federal-education-funding-where-does-the-money-go~~ JW |
|
6 |
+Government spending on education has surged over the last decade and a half, with |
|
7 |
+AND |
|
8 |
+$14.9 billion this year, an increase of 43 percent. |
|
9 |
+ |
|
10 |
+ |
|
11 |
+====B. Title IX requires colleges to restrict constitutionally protected speech or lose federal funding.==== |
|
12 |
+Fire 16, Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, Department of Justice: Title IX Requires Violating First Amendment, 2016, https://www.thefire.org/department-of-justice-title-ix-requires-violating-first-amendment/ |
|
13 |
+WASHINGTON, April 25, 2016βThe Department of Justice now interprets Title IX |
|
14 |
+AND |
|
15 |
+University presidents must find the courage to stand up to this federal overreach." |
|
16 |
+ |
|
17 |
+ |
|
18 |
+====Federal funding is critical for college operations, especially financial aid==== |
|
19 |
+Pew 15 (**The Pew Charitable Trusts β compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, "Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape", http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education)** |
|
20 |
+**States and the federal government have long provided substantial funding for higher education, but ** |
|
21 |
+**AND** |
|
22 |
+**, while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions.** |
|
23 |
+ |
|
24 |
+ |
|
25 |
+====C. Benefactors will quit funding colleges if all speech is protected==== |
|
26 |
+MacDonald 05**, **G. Jeffrey MacDonald Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor. Donors: too much say on campus speech? ; Colleges feel more pressure from givers who want to help determine who'll be speaking on campus. The Christian Science Monitor ~~Boston, Mass~~ 10 Feb 2005: 11. ~~Premier~~ |
|
27 |
+According to Hamilton President Joan Hinde Stewart, angry benefactors threatened to quit giving if |
|
28 |
+AND |
|
29 |
+says Doyle, especially in terms of paid speakers who "promote hate." |
|
30 |
+ |
|
31 |
+ |
|
32 |
+====D. Impact ==== |
|
33 |
+ |
|
34 |
+ |
|
35 |
+====Cuts to funding for higher ed and financial aid hampers college access, especially for students from low-income or minority backgrounds. This is a huge economic blow because college degrees reduce poverty, crime and a laundry list of impacts. ==== |
|
36 |
+Mitchell et al 16 **(Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, "Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges", http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up,** |
|
37 |
+**Years of **cuts in** state **funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition** ** |
|
38 |
+**AND** |
|
39 |
+ |
|
40 |
+o/w |
|
41 |
+scale |
|
42 |
+size of link |
|
43 |
+Turns the 1AC |
|
44 |
+ |
|
45 |
+ |
|
46 |
+=2-off = |
|
47 |
+Brackets are for offensive language |
|
48 |
+ |
|
49 |
+ |
|
50 |
+====First Amendment protections extend to non consensual image distribution ==== |
|
51 |
+**Larkin 14** ~~Paul J. Larkin Jr., Senior Legal Research Fellow, The Heritage Foundation, "Revenge Porn, State Law, and Free Speech," Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review, Oct. 1, 2014~~ JW |
|
52 |
+The Internet serves as a forum for publication or exchange of ideas, expression, |
|
53 |
+AND |
|
54 |
+in the eyes of most."165 The Court answered, "No." |
|
55 |
+ |
|
56 |
+ |
|
57 |
+====The chance for non-consensual image distribution is extraordinarily high given the amount of sexting on campus ==== |
|
58 |
+**Reid 14** ~~Samantha Reid, reporter at USA Today, "Study says 70 of students have sexted, so how do they feel about revenge porn?" USA Today, May 15, 2014, http://college.usatoday.com/2014/05/15/study-says-70-of-students-have-sexted-so-how-do-they-feel-about-revenge-porn/~~ JW |
|
59 |
+College students are a key demographic affected by these laws ββ according to a study |
|
60 |
+AND |
|
61 |
+young people that this issue most commonly affects that too can be problematic. |
|
62 |
+ |
|
63 |
+ |
|
64 |
+ |
|
65 |
+ |
|
66 |
+====This is a form of misogynist psychological violence that causes irreversible damage to survivors . ==== |
|
67 |
+Citron 14 Danielle Keats Citron Mary Anne Franks 2014 "CRIMINALIZING REVENGE PORN" Wake Forest Law Review digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2424andcontext=fac_pubs |
|
68 |
+Victims' fear can be profound. They do not feel safe leaving their homes. |
|
69 |
+AND |
|
70 |
+injury on individual victims, it constitutes a vicious form of sex discrimination. |