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+=1-off = |
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+====Global carbon emissions are way down ==== |
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+**McKenna 15** ~~Phil McKenna, Boston-based reporter for InsideClimate News, master's degree in Science W "Global CO2 Emissions Decline in 2015 After Soaring for a Decade, Study Says," Inside Climate News, December 7, 2015, https://insideclimatenews.org/news/07122015/global-carbon-emissions-rising-decades-decline-2015-study-climate-change-paris~~ JW |
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+The volume of carbon dioxide belched into the atmosphere from human activity this year is |
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+AND |
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+years but I think it's unlikely in the long run," he said. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Closing nuclear plants forces increased fossil fuel use ==== |
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+**Roston 15** ~~Eric Roston, writer for Bloomberg, "Why Nuclear Power Is All but Dead in the U.S." Bloomberg News, April 15, 2015, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-04-15/soon-it-may-be-easier-to-build-a-nuclear-plant-in-iran-than-in-the-u-s-~~ JW |
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+*ellipsis from original text |
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+Say what? The U.S. achieved |
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+AND |
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+to figure out nuclear if that envelope is to mean anything to us." |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear power is key to preventing global warming- empirics prove.==== |
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+** Biello 13 –**David Biello 13, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-nuclear-power-can-stop-global-warming/, citing James Hansen of Columbia University, How Nuclear Power Can Stop Global Warming |
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+In addition to reducing the risk of nuclear war, U.S. ~~ |
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+AND |
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+, director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, where Hansen works. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Meeting the 2 degrees Celsius change is key to stopping climate change catastrophe ==== |
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+**Mastroianni 15** ~~Brian Mastroianni, "Why 2 degrees are so important to the climate," CBS News, November 30, 2015, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/paris-un-climate-talks-why-2-degrees-are-so-important/~~ |
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+As the United Nations conference on climate change gets underway Monday in Paris, one |
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+AND |
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+carbon emissions enough so that the 2-degree threshold is not crossed. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Global runaway warming causes extinction ==== |
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+**Carana 14 –** Sam Carana is an environmental analyst whose expertise lies in environmental policy and sustainable energy. He also is a writer and policy developer. "Near-Term Human Extinction",~~ http://arctic-news.blogspot.com/2014/04/near-term-human-extinction.html) CR |
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+Global Warming and Feedbacks Is there a mechanism that could make humanity go extinct in |
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+AND |
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+. The poster below, from an earlier post, illustrates the danger. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Ethical uncertainty means we prioritize existential risks. ==== |
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+**Bostrom 13** ~~Nick Bostrom, Professor in the Faculty of Philosophy @ University of Oxford, "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority," Global Policy Vol. 4 Issue 1, February 2013~~ |
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+These reflections on moral uncertainty suggest an alternative, complementary way of looking at existential |
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+AND |
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+of value. To do this, we must prevent any existential catastrophe. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+=2-off= |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear power is the only way to generate sufficient energy for large-scale desalination==== |
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+**IAEA 15 **~~— widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization within the United Nations family. Set up in 1957 as the world's centre for cooperation in the nuclear field, the Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies, "New Technologies for Seawater Desalination Using Nuclear Energy," IEAE TecDoc Series, 2015~~ |
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+ It is anticipated that by 2025, 33 of the world population, |
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+AND |
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+for coupling nuclear reactors and desalination systems for specific sites in the Mediterranean region |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Water crises cause escalating global conflict.==== |
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+**Rasmussen 11 ~~(Erik, CEO, Monday Morning; Founder, Green Growth Leaders) "Prepare for the Next Conflict: Water Wars" HuffPo 4/12~~ ** |
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+For years experts have set out warnings of how the earth will be affected by |
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+AND |
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+and "business as usual" prevails, then water wars will accelerate. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====That goes nuclear==== |
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+**Zahoor 12** (Musharaf, Researcher at Department of Nuclear Politics – National Defense University, Water Crisis can Trigger Nuclear War in South Asia, http://www.siasat.pk) |
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+Water is an ambient source, which unlike human beings does not respect boundaries. |
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+AND |
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+being faced by Pakistan, which can only be resolved through political will. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+=3-off = |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====CP Text: Indigenous communities should decide for themselves to ban nuclear power. Mutually exclusive with the aff since tribes that want nuclear power can continue to use it ==== |
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+**Gover et al 92** ~~Kevin, and Jana L. Walker (Native American Attorneys at Gover, Stetson and Williams). "Escaping Environmental Paternalism: One Tribe's Approach to Developing a Commercial Waste Disposal Project in Indian Country." University of Colorado Law Review 63 (1992): 933. |
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+The second and more controversial issue facing tribes involves the use of reservation lands as |
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+AND |
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+individual examples or authors is a reason why the CP solves the aff. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Banning nuclear power is a form of imperial paternalism ==== |
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+**Jefferies 08** ~~Sierra M. Jefferies, J.D. candidate, "ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE AND THE SKULL VALLEY GOSHUTE INDIANS' PROPOSAL TO STORE NUCLEAR WASTE," Journal of Land, Resources and Environmental Law, 2008~~ JW |
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+Second, opposition to the Band's attempt to make use of its land seems to |
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+AND |
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+, a casino, two ski lifts, forestry resources and a sawmill m98 |
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+ |
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+ |
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+=4-off= |
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+ |
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+ |
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+==1NC – Generic == |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====CP Text: All countries except developing countries should ban the production of nuclear power==== |
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+ |
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+ |
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+====Nuclear energy, not renewables, is the best source of energy for developing countries. Solves intermittency problem and provides energy security. ==== |
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+**Chowdhury 12** ~~Navid Chowdhury, "Nuclear Energy For Developing Countries," Submitted as coursework for PH241, Stanford University, Winter 2012, http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2012/ph241/chowdhury1/~~ JW |
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+Introduction Access to energy is regarded as the basic requirement for economic growth. And |
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+AND |
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+dependence on fossil fuel would remove Bangladesh from such obligations set by IMF. |
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+ |
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+ |
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+=Case = |