Changes for page Valley Gilbert Aff
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,46 @@ 1 +Moral obligations arise from individuals’ internal consideration of right conduct. Bedke: 2 +“If John Doe… motivation to X” 3 +Bedke, M.S. Dept of Philosophy, University of Arizona “Moral judgment purposivism: saving internalism from amoralism.” Philosophical Studies, 144: 189-209, 2009. 4 + 5 +Judgments based on external considerations are not moral judgments because they arise from considerations other than right and wrong. Bedke 2: 6 +“Consider a distant… judgments in Amoralsville” 7 +Bedke, M.S. Dept of Philosophy, University of Arizona “Moral judgment purposivism: saving internalism from amoralism.” Philosophical Studies, 144: 189-209, 2009. 8 + 9 +Further, the very idea of externalist moral considerations assumes a background understanding that morality is internal. Bedke 3: 10 +“My own judgment… is not out” 11 +Bedke, M.S. Dept of Philosophy, University of Arizona “Moral judgment purposivism: saving internalism from amoralism.” Philosophical Studies, 144: 189-209, 2009. 12 + 13 +Also, externalist moral conceptions collapse into desire rather than moral consideration. Roojen: 14 +“Second, whether the..;. what is right” 15 +Van Roojen, Mark. “Humean and anti-Humean internalism about moral judgements.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, vol. 65, no. 1, July 2002, pp. 26-49. 16 + 17 +Further, internal moral reasoning is idiosyncratic to individuals. This is true because moral reasoning cannot produce objectively verifiable outcomes for all moral reasoners. Coburn: 18 +“If criteria encapsulate… such a process” 19 +Coburn, Robert C. Quals “A defense of ethical noncognitivism.” Philosophical Studies, vol. 62, no. 1, April 1991, pp. 67-80. 20 + 21 +And, objective or universalist conceptions of morality devolve to totalitarianism. Rawls: 22 +“A continuing adherence… to remain so” 23 +Rawls, John. Justice as Fairness: A Restatement. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003. 24 + 25 +Thus, the criterion is consistency with internal moral standards. 26 + 27 +Externalist thought is embedded within the nature of restrictions in relation to speech acts. 28 +Harnish: 29 +“Summarizing, internalists hold… offered mixed analyses.” 30 +Harnish, Robert. "Internalism and externalism in speech act theory." Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 5.1 (2009): 9-31. 31 + 32 +And, the affirmatives method of engagement with speech uniquely weeds out oppressive ideologies from prevalent ideas— prevents active imposition of moral values. Moosa: 33 +“Thus, if we… entity once existed.” 34 + 35 +Moosa, T. (2012). John Stuart Mill And The Dangers Of Silencing. Big Think. Retrieved 19 February 2017, from http://bigthink.com/against-the-new-taboo/john-stuart-mill-and-the-dangers-of-silencing 36 + 37 +The neg actively excludes voices from moral projects- means only the affirmative has a risk of epistemic validity. Greenawalt: 38 +“Mill says that… to be tolerated.” 39 +Greenawalt, Kent. "Free speech justifications." Columbia Law Review 89.1 (1989): 119-155. 40 + 41 +Restrictions establish conditions of which speech is acceptable which is externalist by virtue as it requires an externalist declaration of which speech applies. ACLU: 42 +“Because the ultimate… we'll be next” 43 +"Hate Speech On Campus". American Civil Liberties Union. N. p., 2016. Web. 4 Dec. 2016. 44 + 45 +Presume aff because there is an 11 side bias towards the neg 46 +Henson, Clifford and Paul Dorasil. “Judging bias in competitive academic debate: the effects of region, side, and sex.” Contemporary Economic Policy, July 4, 2013. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,25 @@ 1 +The standard is consistency with the right to self-ownership. 2 + 3 +Self-ownership if a commitment of all discursive exchange. Hoppe 4 +“Argumentation does not… he was disputing” 5 +Hans-Hermann Hoppe, The Economics and Ethics of Private Property, p. 334 6 + 7 +My framework is most specific to the topical state agent and the only one that explains the origins of legitimate state authority. Simmons 8 +“The motivation for… The motivation for” 9 +A. John Simmons (Prof. of Philosophy, University of Virginia). “Locke and the Right to Punish.” Philosophy and Public Affairs Reader on Punishment. 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=-twJwC8asWgCandlpg=PA221andots=aQsfipB9nranddq=22by20some20voluntary20undertaking22andpg=PA221#v=onepageandqandf=false 10 + 11 +The right to autonomous control of one’s aims and identity is foundational to other liberal rights, hence precludes and constrains rights like free speech. Christman 12 +“The conception of… goal of justice.” 13 +John Christman, “Autonomy in Moral and Political Philosophy,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, online, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/autonomy-moral/, 2003 14 + 15 +The right to free speech is embedded within self ownership intrinsically- means the neg is by definition inconsistent with self ownership. Curtman: 16 +“It is important… upon my liberty” 17 +Curtman, Paul "Private Property And The Principles Of Self-Ownership". Paul Curtman. N. p., 2017. Web. 2 Feb. 2017. 18 + 19 +Self-ownership requires that agents have the ability to regulate access to the self- means one needs to be able to freely express oneself via free speech in the context of identity construction. Kupfer: 20 +“Because the ultimate… we'll be next." 21 +Kupfer, Joseph. “Privacy, autonomy and self-concept.” American Philosophical Quarterly, vol. 24, Number 1, January 1987. 22 + 23 +And, the aff props up self ownership while simultaneously ensuring people do not become complacent in driving hate speech underground- restricting it via speech restrictions causes more backlash and drive racism underground-historically proven. Haiman 24 +“Placing limitations on… increased its circulation.” 25 +Haiman, Franklyn. “The Remedy is More Speech.” The American Prospect. Summer 1991 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,4 @@ 1 +Evidence from physics shows that the past is determined from the present—even if the past has merit the present comes first. Lanza: 2 + 3 +"In 2002 scientists...the science experiments." 4 +Lanza, Robert. "Does the Past Exist Yet? Evidence Suggests Your Past Isn't Set in Stone." The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost.com, 18 Aug. 2010. Web. 15 Sept. 2014. - EntryDate
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