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+Interpretation: The affirmative must defend limiting qualified immunity for POLICE officers. |
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+Police Officer is defined by… |
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+Merriam Webster ‘16: Merriam Webster’s Dictionary (“Police Officer” available online at http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/police20officer; AB |
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+a person whose job is to enforce laws, investigate crimes, and make arrests |
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+This means a police officer is for initial arrests and investigation– before the alleged criminal gets sentenced by courts. It’s a PRE-SENTENCING duty. |
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+This is different from a correctional officer. A correctional officer is a DURING-SENTENCING or POST-SENTENCING duty, outside the duty of police officers. |
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+Jeff Roberts of Rasmussen College writes: Jeff Roberts writes in “Patrol Officer vs. Sheriff's Deputy vs. Correctional Officer: Which Entry-Level Law Enforcement Job is Right for You?” for Rasmussen College on 5/24/2013. Jeff is the Content Marketing Editor at Collegis Education. He oversees all of the blog and newsletter content for Rasmussen College. As a writer, he creates articles that educate, encourage and motivate current and future students. http://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/justice-studies/blog/police-officer-vs-sheriff-vs-corrections-entry-level-jobs/; AB |
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+Correctional officers – often referred to as “COs” – represent an entirely different side of law enforcement as compared to their counterparts in police departments and sheriff’s offices. COs are responsible for enforcing rules and regulations inside a state or federal prison, jail or rehabilitative or correctional facility. They supervise inmates during meals, recreation, work and other daily activities. Both COs and deputy sheriffs are tasked with transporting prisoners between correctional facilities and state or federal courthouses. Duties specific to COs include inspecting correctional facilities – locks, window bars, grills, doors and gates – to ensure security and prevent escape. While sheriff’s deputies and police officers carry handguns on a routine basis, COs use firearms only in emergency situations. |
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+Violation: The aff limits QI for public CORRECTIONAL OFFICERS |
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+Standards: |
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+1) Limits – they explode limits by opening the topic to any government officials – that can include correction officers, district attorneys, the military, and otherwise. That generates distinct literature bases that are completely distinct from police – prisons are different than the general population, military is distinct from civilian – which makes neg prep burdens incredibly high. Limits key to fairness because it controls our ability to engage. |
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+2) Ground – we can't go police CPs, court clog, or disadvantages, or topic counterplans because they don't defend police officers which our links are contingent on. Ground is key to fairness because it demarcates our ability to engage. |
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+3) Answering the resolution – if they’re not defending POLICE officers, they’re not affirming the RESOLUTION. |
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+Voter: Fairness is the voter because this is a competitive activity. Judges and the win-loss system mean that debate is a competitive activity that requires all competitors to have an equal chance to win. Procedural checks on debaters are key or else a competitor could just sign the ballot themselves. DROP THE DEBATER ON T – THEY DO NOT ANSWER THE RESOLUTION. |
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+AND DEFAULT TO COMPETING INTERPS |
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+A reasonability paradigm only justifies competing interpretations because there is no metric for what is reasonable without comparing interpretations against one another. |