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+I affirm, resolved: The United States ought to guarantee the right to housing. |
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+I value morality, implied by the word “ought” in the resolution, defined as a moral obligation. |
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+My value criterion is minimizing structural violence. Prefer this framework: |
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+1. Equality is the basis of any moral theory because any unequal treatment requires arbitrary distinction between persons. Domination is a means of overriding consideration of one’s interest, but because everyone is equal, domination of another person is unjustifiable. This also means that oppression is normatively bad under any ethical framework, and if it isn’t then that framework is morally repugnant and should be rejected. |
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+2. Structural violence comes before any other moral claims because oppression unjustifiably limits those who are included in moral calculus. We need to create systems and focus on strategies to stop moral exclusion and make our ethical categorizing meaningful. |
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+Winter and Leighton 99 Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter: Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice) (Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century. Pg 4-5) |
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+Finally, to recognize … to reduce it. |
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+This means the aff framework is a prior question to moral reasoning because it is inclusive of all perspectives which increases the probability that our ethical deliberation produces sound conclusions. |
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+Thus, I advocate that the United States ought to guarantee the right to housing. |
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+NLCHP 11 explains the federal policy that this would entail National Law Center on Homelessness and Poverty, “Simply Unacceptable”: Homelessness and the Human Right to Housing In the United States, 2011, https://www.nlchp.org/Simply_Unacceptable |
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+Because the human … the application process. |
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+Additionally, offense that proves why past housing policies were ineffective or problematic do not apply to the aff – the resolution proposes a shift from the status quo which creates new forms of housing that have not yet been tried in the United States |
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+I contend that that guaranteeing the right to housing would decrease structural violence. |
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+Contention 1: Intimate Partner Violence |
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+First, Discriminatory laws force survivors of Intimate Partner Violence, or IPV, to choose between reporting abuse or avoid getting evicted from their home – landlords evict tenants for their partners abuse which creates a chilling effect and allows IPV to continue. This disproportionally harms women of color who are uniquely targeted with eviction, which spurs unemployment, homelessness, and suicide – nuisance ordinances treat IPV response as a nuisance and embolden abusers – guaranteeing the right to housing would resolve this because it would (a) prevent landlords from evicting IPV survivors if they report IPV abuse and (b) it would end women’s fear that they will end up homeless by calling 911 |
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+Matthew Desmond explains in 2012 (Bracketed for potentially offensive language) "Unpolicing the Urban Poor: Consequences of Third-Party Policing for Inner-City Women" American Sociologial Review 2012 scholar.harvard.edu/files/mdesmond/files/desmond.valdez.unpolicing.asr__0.pdf |
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+In recent years, … its protective arm (Harris 1990). |
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+Second, Multiple countries prove that guaranteeing the right to housing is possible and net beneficial |
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+a. Scotland, France, and South Africa implemented legislation that guaranteed the right to housing. These countries show housing rights decrease homelessness and violence and creates a symbolic shift to affirming the dignity of marginalized populations. |
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+ABA writes in 2013 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION, Report on the Right to Housing, 8/12/13, http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/homelessness_poverty/resolution117.authcheckdam.pdf |
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+Scotland, France, and South Africa … feasible and judicially manageable. |
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+b. Multiple European countries implemented similar policies. These policies were very successful in solving harms and decreases homelessness because it holds the government accountable. |
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+Marie Loison-Leruste explain in 2009 "Increasing Access to Housing : Implementing the Right to Housing in England and France" Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Equipe de Recherche sur les Inégalités Sociales, Paris, France Centre for Housing Policy, University of York, York, England Volme 3, December 2009 www.feantsaresearch.org/IMG/pdf/feantsa-ejh2009-article-3.pdf |
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+The introduction of … and national government. |
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+C. The aff is substantially cheaper than status quo programs which means it would allow more money to be allocated to other social programs and is even more feasible than the status quo. |
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+The ABA 2 explains in 2013 AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION, Report on the Right to Housing, 2013, http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/homelessness_poverty/resolution117.authcheckdam.pdf |
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+In addition to …a 70 reduction.53 |
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+Contention 2: LGBTQ Discrimination |
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+Lack of government protection against discrimination for LGBT people causes extreme violence and psychological harm due to inability to find adequate housing. Housing discrimination disproportionality effect LGBTQ youth and elders and LGBTQ people of color who are denied access to housing as well as turned away from homeless shelters. |
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+Robert Espinoza writes in 2014 Robert Espinoza, LGBT People: Our Longing for Home, Our Right to Housing, 2/28/14, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-espinoza/lgbt-people-our-longing-f_b_4858491.html |
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+This hardship of … belongs to you.” |
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+They continue |
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+The relationship between … years that follow. |