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-ANALYTICS: |
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-1 Motivation: Ideal theory cannot guide action since its starting point has diverged from the descriptive model of the real world. Non-ideal theory is key for ethical motivation. MILLS: |
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-Charles W. Mills, “Ideal Theory” as Ideology, 2005 |
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-“A first possible AND just completely implausible?” |
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-2 Descriptive Ideality: ideal theory ignores social realities, which in turn contradicts ideals. Normative ideals aren’t created separately from the social norms that govern us because those influence what we can count as an ideal in the first place. MILLS 2: |
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-Charles W. Mills, “Ideal Theory” as Ideology, 2005 |
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- “I suggest that AND never be achieved.” (170) |
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-Thus, the standard is resisting material inequalities. ANALYTICS |
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-Prefer additionally: All framing mechanisms must be theoretically legitimate. Any standard is an interpretation of the word ought-thus framework is functionally a topicality argument about how to define the terms of the resolution. Definitions should be subject to theoretical contestation in the same way other words should be. My framework interprets ought as resisting material inequalities. Prefer this definition: |
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-A. Ground |
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-B. Topic Lit |
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-C. Topic Ed |
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-Voters: Fairness, Education, FW warrant, not DtD |
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-Advocacy |
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-Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. KURTZ clarifies: |
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-Kurtz, Stanley. Contributor, National Review “A Plan to Restore Free Speech on Campus.” The Corner, December 2015. |
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-First: Colleges and AND pre-existing speech codes. |
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-Advantage- State Control |
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-Putting restrictions on free speech creates a dangerous slippery slope and leads to co-option of movements that lead to silencing of voices. Universities should not be the arbiters of communication. FISHER: |
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-Anthony L. Fisher, Dec 13, 2016, “Opposition to “offensive” speech on campuses will ultimately burn dissidents”, http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/12/13/13931524/free-speech-pen-america-campus-censorship |
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-In perhaps the AND in their inboxes. |
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-Any risk of restriction is just another instance on of the sovereign encroaching on life—the state maintains a monopoly on power and dictates who is and is not political. SMITH: |
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-Mick, Department of Philosophy and School of Environmental Studies , Queen's University , Kingston, Canada). “Against ecological sovereignty: Agamben, politics and globalization”. 23 Feb 2011. |
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-Schmitt’s Political Theology AND its ethico-political possibilities |
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-This opens up space for the worst atrocities imaginable—the state deems the human as non-human, clearing the way for genocide. EDKINS: |
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-Department of International Politics, University of Wales). “Sovereign Power, Zones of Indistinction, and the Camp”. 2000. |
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-The camp is AND sacred and the profane. |
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-Student protests oppose neoliberalism in higher education, translating theory into praxis. DELGADO AND ROSS: |
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-Sandra Delgado (doctoral student in curriculum studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada) and E. Wayne Ross (Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada), "Students in Revolt: The Pedagogical Potential of Student Collective Action in the Age of the Corporate University" 2016 (published on Academia.edu) |
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-As students’ collective AND programs or pleas. |
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-Free speech is key to preventing mass government violence endless warfare- this is a gateway to securing any rights. D’SOUZA: |
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-Frances, Prof. Anthropology Oxford, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/hearings/19960425/droi/freedom_en.htm?textMode=on |
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-There are undoubted AND need for change. |