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... ... @@ -1,10 +1,0 @@ 1 -Cyberbullying is protected by the first amendment. 2 -Aaron Short 14 (journalist for NY Post). “Cyberbullies Get First Amendment Protection”. NY Post, July 1, 2014. http://nypost.com/2014/07/01/cyberbullies-get-first-amendment-protection-from-court/ RC 3 -Bullies hiding behind computer screens now have the First Amendment to protect them. The 4 -AND 5 -to post an insult should end where it affects a child’s mental state.” 6 -Cyberbullying ruins lives—it destroys a student’s ability to participate in school, causes self harm, and further abuse later in life. 7 -ETCB 16. “A Surprising Long-term Effect of Cyberbullying”. End To Cyber Bullying, 2016. http://www.endcyberbullying.org/a-surprising-long-term-effect-of-cyberbullying/ 8 -If someone repeatedly tells the victim online that he or she is worthless, useless 9 -AND 10 -of the abuse upon the psyche of the victim are anything but impermanent. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,69 +1,0 @@ 1 -The standard is rejecting structural oppression. 2 -The nature of governments necessitates pragmatic policy. 3 -Martin Rhonheimer. “The Political Ethos of Constitutional Democracy and the Place of Natural Law in Public Reason: Rawls's "Political Liberalism" Revisited” http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1364andcontext=ajj 4 -“It is a fundamental feature of political philosophy to be part of practical philosophy 5 -AND 6 -and its inherent logic of specifically political justification constitute "public reason." “ 7 -This means that a) you reject abstract ethical theories—at the end of the day, no one cares whether they willed a contradiction or not, but rather the government concerns itself with outcomes of its actions, and b) absent of the neg explaining why they link to political philosophy, you default my framework. 8 -Governments have an obligation to reject forms of structural oppression—it prevents voices from being heard and comes first under any framework. 9 -WINTER AND LEIGHTON – D. D. Winter and Dana Leighton. “STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE SECTION INTRODUCTION”. 6/1/99 http://sites.saumag.edu/danaleighton/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/09/SVintro-2.pdf 10 -“Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions 11 -AND 12 -anger, and begin to think about how to reduce structural violence. “ 13 -Advantage 1: Dissent 14 -The idea that the authority figures become the arbiter of acceptable speech causes a crack down on dissent and kills minority views from even being heard in the first place. 15 -Anthony L. Fisher 17 (associate editor at Reason.com, where his beats include criminal justice, civil liberties, free speech, and foreign affairs. He is also a sports and culture columnist at The Week.). “The free speech problem on campus is real. It will ultimately hurt dissidents”. Vox, Jan 2, 2017. http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/12/13/13931524/free-speech-pen-america-campus-censorship RC 16 -It’s already happening. Just ask the Palestinian activists whose boycott campaigns against Israel have 17 -AND 18 -"safe space" from such "offensive" expressions of free speech. 19 -Communication between individuals is necessary—deeming some words as unworthy undermines certain backgrounds and identities which hinders students’ ability to create meaningful dialogue. 20 -Anthony L. Fisher 2 (associate editor at Reason.com, where his beats include criminal justice, civil liberties, free speech, and foreign affairs. He is also a sports and culture columnist at The Week.). “The free speech problem on campus is real. It will ultimately hurt dissidents”. Vox, Jan 2, 2017. http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/12/13/13931524/free-speech-pen-america-campus-censorship RC 21 -The authors express the need — “in an increasingly multicultural nation” — to 22 -AND 23 -to some — but in today’s campus climate, it’s an important intervention. 24 -Bans on things like hate speech are hopelessly short sighted—it just treats the symptom of the problem in exchange for feel-good politics. 25 -Anthony L. Fisher 3 (associate editor at Reason.com, where his beats include criminal justice, civil liberties, free speech, and foreign affairs. He is also a sports and culture columnist at The Week.). “The free speech problem on campus is real. It will ultimately hurt dissidents”. Vox, Jan 2, 2017. http://www.vox.com/the-big-idea/2016/12/13/13931524/free-speech-pen-america-campus-censorship RC 26 -The discussion of "safe spaces" has become one of the most divisive subsections 27 -AND 28 -their own speech silenced when opponents claim offense, fear, or discomfort. 29 -And, words only have as much power as you give you them. Negating just causes impact replication and people will just create new forms of hate speech. 30 -Kurtz and Oscarson ’03 - Members of National Council of Teachers of English Conference on College Composition and Communication 2k3 (Anna, Christopher, “BookTalk: Revising the Discourse of Hate,” ProQuest) 31 -However, Butler also argues that the daily, repeated use of words opens a 32 -AND 33 -might be able to create spaces for learning in which everyone feels safe. 34 -Even if free speech might not be the perfect solution, it is comparatively better to any other alternative—restrictions just make the problem worse. 35 -Kenan Malik 12 (Indian-born English writer, lecturer and broadcaster, trained in neurobiology and the history of science.). “Why Hate Speech Should Not Be Banned”. Pandemonium, 2012. https://kenanmalik.wordpress.com/2012/04/19/why-hate-speech-should-not-be-banned/ 36 -And in practice, you cannot reduce or eliminate bigotry simply by banning it. 37 -AND 38 -changes and because minorities themselves stood up to the bigotry and fought back. 39 -Advantage 2: The Liberal Bubble 40 -Silencing bigots only re-entrenches their position and galvanizes their opposition to social justice movements 41 -Levinovitz 16 Alan Levinovitz, assistant professor of religion at James Madison University, “How Trigger Warnings Silence Religious Students,” The Atlantic, August 30, 2016, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/08/silencing-religious-students-on-campus/497951/ 42 - There is no doubt that in America, the perspective of white, heterosexual 43 -AND 44 -deeply held beliefs. It would be a shame to execute him again. 45 -Allowing for freedom of discussion solves better for issues of hate speech. 46 -ACLU Hate Speech On Campus, https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus 47 -Where racist, sexist and homophobic speech is concerned, the ACLU believes that more 48 -AND 49 -, possibly change them, and forge solidarity against the forces of intolerance. 50 -Censorship is deconstructive and regressive and turns any criticism – blocking the freedom of speech will only guarantee the domination of current prevailing discursive practices. 51 -Ward 90 ( David V. Ph.D. Professor of Philosophy at Widener University in Pennsylvania. “Library Trends” Philosophical Issues in Censorship and Intellectual Freedom, Volume 39, Nos 1 and 2. Summer/Fall 1990. Pages 86-87) Second, even if the opinion some wish to censor is largely false, it may contain some portion of truth, a portion denied us if we suppress the speech which contains it. The third reason for allowing free expression is that any opinion “however true it may be, if it is not fully, frequently, and fearlessly discussed, ... will be held as a dead dogma, not a living truth” (Mill, 1951, p. 126). Merely believing the truth is not enough, Mill points out, for even a true opinion held without full and rich understanding of its justification is “a prejudice, a belief independent of, and proof against, argument-this is not the way in which truth ought to be held by a rational being. This is not knowing the truth. Truth, thus held, is but one superstition the more, accidentally clinging to the words which enunciate a truth” (p. 127). Fourth, the meaning of a doctrine held without the understanding which arises in the vigorous debate of its truth, “will be in danger of being lost, or enfeebled, and deprived of its vital effect on the character and conduct the dogma becoming a mere formal profession, inefficacious for good, but cumbering the ground, and preventing the growth of any real and heartfelt conviction, from reason or personal experience” (p. 149). Censorship, then, is undesirable according to Mill because, whether the ideas censored are true or not, the consequences of suppression are bad. Censorship is wrong because it makes it less likely that truth will be discovered or preserved, and it is wrong because it has destructive consequences for the intellectual character of those who live under it. Deontological arguments in favor of freedom of expression, and of intellectual freedom in general, are based on claims that people are entitled to freely express their thoughts, and to receive the expressions made by others, quite independently of whether the effects of that speech are desirable or not. These entitlements take the form of rights, rights to both free expression and access to the expressions of others. 52 -Advantage 3: Unions 53 -Public sector unions are rooted in the ICC, which allows states to suppress labor movement in public universities. 54 -Shaun Richman 16 (former organizing director for the American Federation of Teachers). “How ‘Friedrichs’ Could Actually Unleash Unions from Decades of Free Speech Restrictions”. In These Times, Jan. 22, 2016. http://inthesetimes.com/working/entry/18796/friedrichs-v-california-teachers-association-free-speech-strikes RC 55 -As the spring semester starts up at the City University of New York, union 56 -AND 57 -tool for reversing many anti-union measures that are on the books. 58 -Even if you are skeptical of unions in general, in this instance, they are key; the government is their employer and also passes laws with regard to labor laws, so unions are the teachers’ only avenue to create collective change. 59 -Every interaction a public teacher has with the university is political, especially unions. 60 -Shaun Richman 2 (former organizing director for the American Federation of Teachers). “How ‘Friedrichs’ Could Actually Unleash Unions from Decades of Free Speech Restrictions”. In These Times, Jan. 22, 2016. http://inthesetimes.com/working/entry/18796/friedrichs-v-california-teachers-association-free-speech-strikes RC 61 -So, in order to overturn this long-settled precedent the parties behind Friedrichs 62 -AND 63 -. I’d also suggest that they begin drawing up some new picket signs. 64 -Advantage 4: Backlash 65 -And, further pushing for political correctness spurs more alt right recruitment and creates divisiveness. 66 -Robby Soave 16 (associate editor at Reason.com. He enjoys writing about college news, education policy, criminal justice reform, and television. He is also a columnist for The Daily Beast and has penned articles for the New York Post, CNN, USA Today, Newsweek, The Orange County Register, and The Detroit News. Forbes named him to the 2016 "30 Under 30" list in the category of law and policy). “Trump Won Because Leftist Political Correctness Inspired a Terrifying Backlash”. Reason, Nov. 9, 2016. http://reason.com/blog/2016/11/09/trump-won-because-leftist-political-corr RC 67 -Trump won because of a cultural issue that flies under the radar and remains stubbornly 68 -AND 69 -according to his supporters, is that he isn't afraid to speak his. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,26 +1,0 @@ 1 -A. Interpretation: the aff must defend the implementation of public colleges and universities not restricting free speech. 2 -Resolved reflects policy passage before a legislative body. Parcher 01 3 -(Jeff, Fmr. Debate Coach at Georgetown University, February, http://www.ndtceda.com/archives/200102/0790.html) 4 -(1) Pardon me if I turn to a source besides Bill. American 5 -AND 6 -or 'no' - which, of course, are answers to a question. 7 -And, restrict is defined as to: 8 -Google dictionary, “restrict”, https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=chrome-psyapi2andion=1andespv=2andie=UTF-8andq=restrictandoq=restrictandaqs=chrome..69i57j0l5.3011j0j7 9 -deprive (someone or something) of freedom of movement or action 10 -B. Violation: 11 -1. Real World Education- 12 -90 of policymaking is deciding on implementation. 13 -Elmore 80 14 -Prof. Public Affairs at University of Washington, 1980 PolySci Quarterly 79-80, p. 605 15 -The emergence of implementation as a subject for policy analysis coincides closely with the discovery 16 -AND 17 -10 percent, leaving the remaining 90 percent in the realm of implementation. 18 -Real-world is an independent voter and outweighs fairness and education. 19 -Strait and Wallace 7 20 -L. Paul Strait and Brett Wallace, GMU and GWU, DRG 07 george Mason University and George Washington University, Debater’s Research Guide, 2007"The Scope of Negative Fiat and the Logic of Decision Making" http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/2007/The20Scope20of20Negative20Fiat20and20the20Logic20of20Decision20Making.pdf mgt 21 -More to the point, debate certainly helps teach a lot of skills, yet 22 -AND 23 -are not grounded in the kind of logic actually used to make decisions. 24 -That also means I control the internal link to advocacy skills—being forced to defend the merits of a concrete political action 25 -2. ground. 26 -limits - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,30 +1,0 @@ 1 -The aff’s reliance on the constitution as the basis for liberty is incoherent as it ignores the constitutions roots in its own suspension and basis for coercion. 2 -Colin Christensen (Emory and Henry College). “Constitutional Regulation, Exception and Anomie: How states of exception inspire functional and moral anomie within the American constitutional system”. No Date. https://www.google.com/url?sa=tandrct=jandq=andesrc=sandsource=webandcd=2andcad=rjaanduact=8andved=0ahUKEwiwocK1iqzRAhVO4mMKHUvhDJ8QFgghMAEandurl=https3A2F2Fwpsa.research.pdx.edu2Fpapers2Fdocs2FConstitutional2520Regulation2C2520Exception2520and2520Anomie_Christensen_WPSA.docxandusg=AFQjCNFg0Vo9zVgeaWFS66jYW0WoxdMi2Qandsig2=S22hmphS4T3B2-J_SlVVfA RC 3 -Within the American constitutional system, it is axiomatic that a “constitutional right implies 4 -AND 5 -of exerting coercive power over both the government and the individual citizen alike. 6 -It empirically proven that the constitution has molded by the state serve it own interest—courts set precedent to further establish the free market. 7 -Owen M. Fiss 86 (Sterling Professor at Yale Law School). “Free Speech and Social Structure”. Yale Law School Legal Scholarship Repository, 1986. http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2211andcontext=fss_papers RC 8 -These cases presented the Court with extremely difficult issues, perhaps the most difficult of 9 -AND 10 -democracy. And they seemed to do so in a rather systematic way. 11 -They assume that politics can control the law, that the we can actually control the actions of the sovereign. This fiction ignores that the sovereign controls it self with the power to create a state of exception clearing the way for genocide. 12 -Anthony Downey 02. “Zones of Indistinction: Giorgio Agamben’s ‘Bare Life’ and the Politics of Aesthetics”. 2002. RC 13 -“The ongoing politicisation of life today demands that a series of decisions be made 14 -AND 15 -committed there and whatever its denomination and specific topography. (HS 174)” 16 -The state of exception opens up space for the worst atrocities imaginable—the state deems the human as non-human, clearing the way for genocide. 17 -Jenny Edkins 2000 (Department of International Politics, University of Wales). “Sovereign Power, Zones of Indistinction, and the Camp”. 2000. RC 18 -The camp is exemplary as a location of a zone of indistinction. Although in 19 -AND 20 -exception: the ex- clusion of both the sacred and the profane. 21 -The alt is to “prefer not to” is a means of escaping the dependency of the law. It is not that we try to solve it through the use of another law or right, but rather we exert ourselves as independent of the law all together. This is the inoperativity of the law. 22 -Jessica Whyte 09 (Senior Lecturer in Cultural and Social Analysis at Western Sydney University, Australia. She has published widely on theories of sovereignty and biopolitics, critical legal theory, critiques of human rights and contemporary continental philosophy. Her current research focuses on the politics of human rights and humanitarianism, and she is working on a book project on human rights and neoliberalism.). “‘I Would Prefer Not To’: Giorgio Agamben, Bartleby and the Potentiality of the Law”. Springer Science and Business, 2009. RC 23 -What is the power of Bartleby’s phrase—‘I would prefer not to’—that 24 -AND 25 -a potentiality that is, most importantly, the potentiality of the law. 26 -And, to “prefer not to” is a way of opening up space in the law by refusing to give an affirmation or negation of the law. We refuse to re-inscribe the narrative that the law can help us. 27 -Jessica Whyte 09 (Senior Lecturer in Cultural and Social Analysis at Western Sydney University, Australia. She has published widely on theories of sovereignty and biopolitics, critical legal theory, critiques of human rights and contemporary continental philosophy. Her current research focuses on the politics of human rights and humanitarianism, and she is working on a book project on human rights and neoliberalism.). “‘I Would Prefer Not To’: Giorgio Agamben, Bartleby and the Potentiality of the Law”. Springer Science and Business, 2009. RC 28 -Two key things are at stake in this attempt to assure the actuality of potentiality 29 -AND 30 -restoring it to contingency and enabling the forgotten to act on the present. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,16 +1,0 @@ 1 -Agency, or the setting and pursuing of ends, is inescapable. 2 -Luca Ferrero 09 (Ph.D. from Harvard University and Associate Professor at the University of Wisconsin). "Constitutivism and the Inescapability of Agency." (2009). Pg. 7-8 RC 3 -“The second feature that makes agency stand apart from ordinary enterprises is agencyʼ 4 -AND 5 -under agencyʼs own distinctive operation: Agency is closed under itself.” 6 -Absent of a public authority, rights violations are inevitable. 7 -Varden 10 “A Kantian Conception of Free Speech” by Helga Varden Chapter from: “Freedom of Expression in a Diverse World” edited by Deirdre Golash 2010 8 -“The first important distinction between Kant and much contemporary liberal thought issues from Kant’s 9 -AND 10 -rather than as subject to anyone’s arbitrary choices.” (46-47) 11 -Thus, the standard is consistency with the omnilateral will. 12 -I contend that public colleges and universities have an obligation to restrict constitutionally protected free speech. And, according to Cornell Law, the Brandenburg v. Ohio U.S. Supreme Court decision maintains that seditious speech is protected by the First Amendment so long as it does not indicate an “imminent” threat. 13 -https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/395/444 But, seditious speech is never compatible with an omnilateral will and must be restricted. The intent requires the right to destroy the state, which justifies the annihilation of all rights. 14 -Varden 2 “A Kantian Conception of Free Speech” by Helga Varden Chapter from 15 -AND 16 -citizens, it is a public crime (6: 331).” (52 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,55 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part 1: Framing 2 -I value morality since the resolution is question of right and wrong action. 3 -1. Dreaming of a perfect world and using ethical theories that don’t account for historical and empirical realities creates flawed ethical theories. We have to have a non ideal starting point. 4 -Charles Mills. “Ideal Theory” as Ideology. 2005. http://www.douglasficek.com/teaching/phi-102/mills.pdf RC 5 -“I suggest that this spontaneous reaction, far from being philosophically naïve or jejune 6 -AND 7 -, what defensible arguments for abstracting away from these realities could there be?” 8 -2. Governments have an obligation to reject forms of structural oppression—it prevents voices from being heard and comes first under any framework. 9 -WINTER AND LEIGHTON – D. D. Winter and Dana Leighton. “STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE SECTION INTRODUCTION”. 6/1/99 http://sites.saumag.edu/danaleighton/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2015/09/SVintro-2.pdf 10 -“Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions 11 -AND 12 -anger, and begin to think about how to reduce structural violence. 13 -Thus, the standard is rejecting structural oppression. 14 -Part 2: The Immigrant 15 -Immigrants and refugees are particularly vulnerable to the housing market. 16 -Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights 14, The Right to Adequate Housing, Fact Sheet No. 21, 2014 17 -People on the move, whether they are refugees, asylum-seekers, internally 18 -AND 19 -housing strategies rarely include migrants, and will practically never include irregular migrants. 20 -The squo is failing horribly—there are no legal protections for undocumented immigrants. 21 -Robert Ley 13 (JD Northeastern College of Law). "Reviving Housing Rights of the Undocumented through Disparate Impact and the Fourteenth Amendment: The Problem with the FHA, Sec. 1981, and Preemption." Berkeley La Raza LJ 23 (2013): 35. 22 -A second difficulty with relying on the affirmative housing clause is that neither the clause 23 -AND 24 -their legal status, the FHA leaves them without any form of relief. 25 -Refugees and immigrants are in a unique position—they are particularly vulnerable since they are often unable to secure a job due to lack housing and vice versa, which reinforce each other. 26 -Jodilyn Gilleland 16 (JD Seattle University College of Law), Kaya Lurie, and Sara Rankin. "A Broken Dream: Homelessness and Immigrants." (2016). 27 -Lack of gainful employment and meaningful work creates obstacles for immigrants seeking economic and social 28 -AND 29 -challenges are substantial barriers for immigrants, making them particularly vulnerable to homelessness. 30 -Even when they can get a job, their status often prevents them from being able to save money, but instead have to spend it all on housing. 31 -Jodilyn Gilleland 2 (JD Seattle University College of Law), Kaya Lurie, and Sara Rankin. "A Broken Dream: Homelessness and Immigrants." (2016). 32 -Immigrants also “lack safe, affordable housing in their communities.”96 Many immigrants 33 -AND 34 -and stability. This simply furthers the vulnerability of immigrant and refugee communities. 35 -Part 3: The House 36 -I advocate that the United States ought to guarantee a right to housing for people, independent of legal status, in the US. This entails banning the denial of housing based on legal status, or any other factor. 37 -Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights 14, The Right to Adequate Housing, Fact Sheet No. 21, 2014 38 -In the context of durable solutions, an emerging norm of housing and property restitution 39 -AND 40 -human rights, humanitarian and refugee law, and on national standards.1 41 -ICE raid violate the right to housing. 42 -The Advocates for Human Rights 07, RIGHTS OF IMMIGRANTS IN AND MIGRANTS TO THE UNITED STATES: A CRITICAL LOOK AT THE U.S. AND ITS COMPLIANCE UNDER THE CONVENTION, U.S. Human Rights Network – CERD Shadow Report, 2007. CERD stands for the UN “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination” 43 -ICE has also conducted a series of home raids in communities with large populations of 44 -AND 45 -national or ethnic origin,” provided CERD Article 5(e)(iii). 46 -ICE raids are the result of racial discrimination, targeting undocumented workers, which prevents people from being able to have a right to housing. 47 -The Advocates for Human Rights 07, RIGHTS OF IMMIGRANTS IN AND MIGRANTS TO THE UNITED STATES: A CRITICAL LOOK AT THE U.S. AND ITS COMPLIANCE UNDER THE CONVENTION, U.S. Human Rights Network – CERD Shadow Report, 2007. CERD stands for the UN “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination” 48 -Since the United States filed its initial CERD Report in September 2000, U. 49 -AND 50 -violates the right to housing protected by Article 5(e)(iii). 51 -The aff is key to ensuring that immigrants can find shelter—their status often prevents them from even trying to get help. 52 -Jodilyn Gilleland 16 (JD Seattle University College of Law), Kaya Lurie, and Sara Rankin. "A Broken Dream: Homelessness and Immigrants." (2016). 53 -Due to their legal status, undocumented immigrants face additional barriers, such as labor 54 -AND 55 -, and in the shadows, in fear of being detained or deported. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,9 +1,0 @@ 1 -A. Interpretation: The aff must defend that everyone gets a right to housing. 2 -NESRI 16. “What is the Human Right to Housing”. National Economic and Social Rights Initiative. 2016. RC 3 -Everyone has a fundamental human right to housing, which ensures access to a safe 4 -AND 5 -and are of particular relevance to the right to housing in the United States 6 -B. Violation: 7 -C. Standards: 8 -1. Ground and Predictability. 9 -2. Common Usage. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-09 19:10:41.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -John Sims - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -LC Anderson - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -40 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Strake Jesuit Cook Neg - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -MARAPR - Spec T - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,30 +1,0 @@ 1 -Rights are means of exclusion and naïve security. They are a method for integrating people into the biopolitical sphere in which they depend on the state. 2 -David M. Seymour 13 (legal scholar). “The Purgatory of the Camp: Political Emancipation and the Emancipation of the Political”. Google Books, 2013. RC 3 -The idea of political sovereignty creating order ‘behind the backs’ of formal equality expressed 4 -AND 5 -, an emancipation of the political from within the ascendancy of political emancipation. 6 -Rights are always conditional—they are a means of deciding who to include and exclude. 7 -Giorgio Agamben 12 (Italian continental philosopher best known for his work investigating the concepts of the state of exception, form-of-life and homo sacer. The concept of biopolitics informs many of his writings). “Beyond Human Rights”. 2012. http://novact.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Beyond-Human-Rights-by-Giorgio-Agamben.pdf RC 8 -“The reasons for such impotence lie not only in the selfishness and blindness of 9 -AND 10 -human in itself is inconceivable in the law of the nation-state.” 11 -The state of exception opens up space for the worst atrocities imaginable—the state deems the human as non-human, clearing the way for genocide. 12 -Jenny Edkins 2000 (Department of International Politics, University of Wales). “Sovereign Power, Zones of Indistinction, and the Camp”. 2000. RC 13 -The camp is exemplary as a location of a zone of indistinction. Although in 14 -AND 15 -exception: the ex- clusion of both the sacred and the profane. 16 -The alternative is to prefer not to. 17 -Jessica Whyte 09 (Senior Lecturer in Cultural and Social Analysis at Western Sydney University, Australia. She has published widely on theories of sovereignty and biopolitics, critical legal theory, critiques of human rights and contemporary continental philosophy. Her current research focuses on the politics of human rights and humanitarianism, and she is working on a book project on human rights and neoliberalism.). “‘I Would Prefer Not To’: Giorgio Agamben, Bartleby and the Potentiality of the Law”. Springer Science and Business, 2009. RC 18 -What is the power of Bartleby’s phrase—‘I would prefer not to’—that 19 -AND 20 -a potentiality that is, most importantly, the potentiality of the law. 21 -And, to “prefer not to” is a way of opening up space in the law by refusing to give an affirmation or negation of the law. 22 -Jessica Whyte 09 (Senior Lecturer in Cultural and Social Analysis at Western Sydney University, Australia. She has published widely on theories of sovereignty and biopolitics, critical legal theory, critiques of human rights and contemporary continental philosophy. Her current research focuses on the politics of human rights and humanitarianism, and she is working on a book project on human rights and neoliberalism.). “‘I Would Prefer Not To’: Giorgio Agamben, Bartleby and the Potentiality of the Law”. Springer Science and Business, 2009. RC 23 -Two key things are at stake in this attempt to assure the actuality of potentiality 24 -AND 25 -restoring it to contingency and enabling the forgotten to act on the present. 26 -Instead the judge should use their ballot as a means of pushing counter-narratives to unveil and demystify the power of the sovereign—it’s the hope that we have for meaningful change that spills over this debate round. The judge as critical educator has an obligation to question the AC’s operation. 27 -Ayten Gündoğdu 12 (Department of Political Science, Barnard College-Columbia University). “Potentialities of human rights: Agamben and the narrative of fated necessity”. 2012. http://www.palgrave-journals.com/cpt/journal/v11/n1/full/cpt201045a.html RC 28 -“In his analysis of biopolitical sovereignty, Agamben provides us with what might be 29 -AND 30 -of the Law closed forever’ (1998, pp. 54, 55) - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-09 19:10:42.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -John Sims - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -LC Anderson - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -40 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Strake Jesuit Cook Neg - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -MARAPR - Rights K - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -TFA
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... ... @@ -1,32 +1,0 @@ 1 -Policy such as the aff that use the state to target homelessness prop us neoliberalism. 2 -Craig Willse 10 (assistant professor of cultural studies at George Mason University). "Neo-liberal biopolitics and the invention of chronic homelessness." Economy and Society 39.2 (2010): 155-184. 3 -Those populations targeted as ‘chronically homeless’ would appear, then, to fit within 4 -AND 5 -racial subordination, even while organizing those ‘losses’ into productive economic enterprises. 6 -Cities are sponges of capital—they absorb surplus value to further push off the inevitable crisis that is capitalism. 7 -Kafui Attoh 11 (Macalester College and his PhD in Geography from Syracuse University, MA in urban studies). "What kind of right is the right to the city?." Progress in human geography 35.5 (2011): 669-685. RC 8 -David Harvey (2008) situates the concept of the right to the city within 9 -AND 10 -to have a right to the city has a very particular meaning.24 11 -Capitalism needs to expend surplus to be survive. Capitalism seeks to maximize profit, inevitably creating surplus value. Spending that surplus is used to justify further exploitation in name of creating more surplus, ad infinitum. 12 -David Harvey 12 (Distinguished Professor of anthropology and geography at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. He received his PhD in geography from the University of Cambridge in 1961). “Rebel cities: From the right to the city to the urban revolution”. Verso Books, 2012. RC 13 -To claim the right to the city in the sense I mean it here is 14 -AND 15 -are broadly paralleled by the logistical curves of urbanization of the world's population. 16 -The role of the ballot is to reject neoliberal and capitalist modes of production. 17 -Capitalism causes inevitable crises, inequality, and dehumanization. 18 -McClaren 13 19 -Peter McClaren. Professor of Education, UCLA. “Critical Pedagogy Against Capitalist Schooling.” http://www.globaleducationmagazine.com/critical-pedagogy-againstcapitalist-schooling-socialist-alternative-interview-peter-mclaren/. Accessed 4/26/14. 20 -While well-meaning progressive educators might be willing to criticize the manner in which 21 -AND 22 -homophobic pedagogies that respect diversity and work from a post-patriarchal perspective. 23 -The alternative is complete rejection of the capitalist system; mere reform is insufficient because it ensures the system will regenerate itself stronger from the pieces left. 24 -Joel Kovel 07, Professor of Social Studies at Bard, The Enemy of Nature, 2007, p 142-3 25 -The value-term that subsumes everything into the spell of capital sets going a 26 -AND 27 -field into zones of greater concentration, expanded profitability — and greater ecodestruction. 28 -Also, the alternative solves better than the aff: as long as capitalism persists, exploitation is inevitable and piecemeal reforms such as the right to housing will be inevitably rolled back. The alt is a pre-requisite to actually solving for the harms the aff identifies. 29 -Richard Wolff 06 (Emeritus Professor of Economics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst). “Anti-Slavery and Anti-Capitalism”. 15 December 2006. http://www.rdwolff.com/content/anti-slavery-and-anti-capitalism 30 -Thus, no surprise attaches to the fact, these days, that one widespread 31 -AND 32 -the wage system must be a component of their program for social change. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-10 05:56:18.515 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Eric Emerson - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Northland Christian - ParentRound
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -41 - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -3 - Team
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Strake Jesuit Cook Neg - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -MARAPR - Cap K - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -TFA
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -29 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-07 05:14:13.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Adam Brown - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Kempner - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -1 - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -UH
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -30 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-07 05:20:59.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Kyle Diamond - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Klein - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -31 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-13 16:13:49.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Rodrigo Paramo, Morven Sharp - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Lynbrook - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -3 - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -HW RR
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -32 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-15 05:20:54.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Sujay Singh - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Brentwood - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -33 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-15 20:56:21.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Ben Koh - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Harrison - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -34 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-01-16 18:00:22.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -37 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-09 19:10:18.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Maddox Robinson - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Clements - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -38,39 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-09 19:10:39.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -John Sims - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -LC Anderson - Round
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- EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -2017-03-10 05:56:15.0 - Judge
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Eric Emerson - Opponent
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Northland Christian - Round
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -TFA