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... ... @@ -1,29 +1,0 @@ 1 -====Anti-cyberbullying laws key to prevent cyberbullying – the squo solves and checks off campus behavior==== 2 -Patchin 10. 3 -Justin W. Patchin, Professor of Criminal Justice in the Department of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 09/28/10, "Cyberbullying Laws and School Policy: A Blessing or Curse?," Cyberbullying Research Center, http://cyberbullying.org/cyberbullying-laws-and-school-policy-a-blessing-or-curse//AD 4 -Many schools are now in a difficult position of having to respond to a mandate 5 -AND 6 -election time, so I'm sure your local representative will be all ears… 7 - 8 - 9 -====The 1AC overturns anti-cyberbullying laws in the name of expanding free speech.==== 10 -Hayward 13. 11 -John O. Hayward, Senior Lecturer in Law at Bentley Universityds, "Anti-Cyberbullying Laws Are a Threat to Free Speech," Netiquette and Online Ethics, Gale: Opposing Viewpoints in Context, 2013,http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/ovic/ViewpointsDetailsPage/DocumentToolsPortletWindow?displayGroupName=Viewpointsandjsid=86b8d9990680ac70437ab043a7b61192andaction=2andcatId=anddocumentId=GALE7CEJ3010868216andu=nysl_we_bcsdandzid=e5792b8229fbb3d88a51bec521a1e8cf//AD 12 -While forty-three states have anti-bullying statutes, only twenty-one 13 -AND 14 -bullying laws violate the First Amendment and should be struck down as unconstitutional. 15 - 16 - 17 -====Cyberbullying is conducive to abuse and kills self worth – impedes the ability to get education, this turns case==== 18 -ETCB 16, 19 -End To Cyber Bullying, The End to Cyber Bullying (ETCB) Organization was founded in 2011 to raise global awareness on cyberbullying, and to mobilize youth, educators, parents, and others in taking efforts to end cyberbullying, "A Surprising Long-Term Effect of Cyberbullying, ETCB Organization, 2016, http://www.endcyberbullying.org/a-surprising-long-term-effect-of-cyberbullying///AD 20 -If someone repeatedly tells the victim online that they is are worthless, useless, 21 -AND 22 -of the abuse upon the psyche of the victim are anything but impermanent. 23 - 24 - 25 -====IF SV Cyberbullying disproportionately affects minorities – turns case.==== 26 -Brandon 14. Mary Howlett-Brandon, Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University "CYBERBULLYING: AN EXAMINATION OF GENDER, RACE, ETHNICITY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FROM THE NATIONAL CRIME VICTIMIZATION SURVEY: STUDENT CRIME SUPPLEMENT, 2009", 2014, http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4485andcontext=etd//AD 27 -Other and mixed race students reported cyberbullying victimization at 4.2, 26 Black 28 -AND 29 --White students conveyed they had been cyberbullied during the previous 12 months. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,41 +1,0 @@ 1 -====University Free Speech Focuses on the Individual Over Social Relations, Re-Entrenching Every Form of Oppression==== 2 - 3 -Cornwell, N. (1998). Rethinking Free Expression in the Feminist Classroom: The Problem of Hate Speech. Feminist Teacher, 12(2), 107-118. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40545815 - SVJK) 4 -The individual, instead of the social relations between individuals, is at the center 5 -AND 6 -differentiates power. It constitutes the relationship between individuals. It is power. 7 - 8 - 9 -====This Support for Individuality Arises From Hundreds Of Years of White Male Centered Politics==== 10 -Cornwell, N. (1998). Rethinking Free Expression in the Feminist Classroom: The Problem of Hate Speech. Feminist Teacher, 12(2), 107-118. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40545815 - SVJK) 11 -The liberal tradition fails to respond to any systemic, inherent oppression in liberal society 12 -AND 13 -how the protection of hate speech is rationalized are products of that tradition. 14 - 15 - 16 -====Status Quo Liberal Ideologies Can't Solve==== 17 -Altman, A. (1993). Liberalism and Campus Hate Speech: A Philosophical Examination. Ethics, 103(2), 302-317. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2381524 -SVJK) 18 -The liberal will not accept the regulation of racist, sexist, or homo- 19 -AND 20 -these kinds of harm in order to justify any hate-speech regulation. 21 - 22 - 23 -====Hate speech isn't educational and cause long-lasting harm. It doesn't provoke thoughts or debates between students or cause any tangible good outcome, except for harming those targeted. (Targeting is different than debating)==== 24 -A pro-con discussion of speech codes and free speech Gerald Uelmen Nov 15, 1990 https://www.scu.edu/character/resources/campus-hate-speech-codes/ 25 -Those who advocate hate speech codes believe that the harm codes prevent is more important 26 -AND 27 -free speech, and the just balance between individual rights and group rights. 28 - 29 - 30 -====The alternative is to reject liberal perspectives of free speech, adopting an ethic of care==== 31 -Cornwell, N. (1998). Rethinking Free Expression in the Feminist Classroom: The Problem of Hate Speech. Feminist Teacher, 12(2), 107-118. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40545815 - SVJK) 32 -To negotiate this difficult terrain between the interchange of ideas and the harmful effects of 33 -AND 34 -victims of hate speech that invariably impacts on their liberty (West 764). 35 - 36 - 37 -====The Fighting Words Doctrine is Another Example of Macho Male Discourse==== 38 -Cornwell, N. (1998). Rethinking Free Expression in the Feminist Classroom: The Problem of Hate Speech. Feminist Teacher, 12(2), 107-118. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40545815 - SVJK) 39 -Lawrence's work illuminates this problem for minorities in a way that is also relevant to 40 -AND 41 -~~and~~ captures the 'macho' quality of male discourse" (454). - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,22 +1,0 @@ 1 -====International law banned hate speech==== 2 -Matsuda 89 3 -Mari J. Matsuda (Associate Professor of Law, University of Hawaii, the William S. Richardson School of Law), "Public Response to Racist Speech: Considering the Victim's Story," Michigan Law Review, 1989 4 -The international community has chosen to outlaw racist hate propaganda. Article 4 of the 5 -AND 6 -Universal Declaration gained momentum as member states sought effective means of eliminating discrimination. 7 - 8 - 9 -====US adherence to international law concerning hate speech is key to credibility in international human rights==== 10 -Cohen 15 11 -Tanya Cohen, "It's Time To Bring The Hammer Down On Hate Speech In The U.S." Thought Catalog, 5/1/2015 12 -Recent scandals involving right-wing hatemongers like Phil Robertson, Donald Sterling, Bill 13 -AND 14 -to follow international human rights law as the rest of the world is. 15 - 16 - 17 -====International credibility solves multiple scenarios for extinction. ==== 18 -Nye and Armitage 07 19 -Joseph Nye (University Distinguished Service Professor at Harvard University, and previous dean of Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government) and Richard Armitage (13th United States Deputy Secretary of State, the second-in-command at the State Department, serving from 2001 to 2005), "CSIS Reports – A Smarter, More Secure America", 11/6, 2007 http://www.csis.org/component/option,com_csis_pubs/task,view/id,4156/type,1/ 20 -Soft power is the ability to attract people to our side without coercion. Legitimacy 21 -AND 22 -at least as much as their ability to destroy the enemy's will to fight - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,46 @@ 1 +====TEXT: Public colleges and universities in the United States will require trigger warnings for class content and materials.==== 2 +Competition: Trigger warnings are a restriction on speech 3 +Doll '16 4 +Jordan Doll ~~Oberlin College Politics Department~~ (2016) Trauma and Free Speech 5 +AND 6 +to engage with a work because it is too triggering for some students. 7 + 8 + 9 +====Trigger warnings are key to inclusion and diversity in discussions.==== 10 +Lockhart '16 11 +Lockhart, E. A. ~~Texas AandM University~~ (2016). Why trigger warnings are beneficial, perhaps even necessary. First Amendment Studies, 50(2), 59-69. 12 +In this essay, I have defended the practice of using trigger warnings in some 13 +AND 14 +that trigger warnings are an important tool to facilitate student participation and learning. 15 + 16 + 17 +====Trigger warning are key to coping with trauma and disability. The AFF dehumanizes these people and silences their struggles, perpetuating cycles of oppression.==== 18 +Holmes '16 19 +Lindsay Holmes, August 26, 2016, "A Quick Lesson On What Trigger Warnings Actually Do," Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/university-of-chicago-trigger-warning_us_57bf16d9e4b085c1ff28176d 20 +"You will find that we expect members of our community to be engaged in 21 +AND 22 +pushing for warnings to speak about certain topics, which makes it competitive. 23 + 24 + 25 +====And, this dehumanization is the worst of all impacts==== 26 +Berube '97 27 +Berube, David. Professor. English. University of South Carolina "Nanotechnological Prolongevity: The Down Side," NanoTechnology Magazine, 3:5, June-July, 1997, 1-6. http://www.cas.sc.edu/engl/faculty/berube/prolong.htm. Also quoting Montagu and Madison, esteemed Scientist and Writer, professor of American Studies at University of Hawaii 28 +Assuming we are able to predict who or what are optimized humans, this entire 29 +AND 30 +inevitable for every epoch has evil and dehumanization is evil's most powerful weapon. 31 + 32 + 33 +====Rejection of trigger warnings in favor of exposure denies the realities of trauma.==== 34 +Lockhart '16 35 +Lockhart, E. A. ~~Texas AandM University~~ (2016). Why trigger warnings are beneficial, perhaps even necessary. First Amendment Studies, 50(2), 59-69. 36 +Furthermore, and most importantly, a classroom is not a therapist's office and, 37 +AND 38 +the youth merely need to toughen up—dismisses the realities of trauma. 39 + 40 + 41 +====Reliance on counterspeech for freedom of expression is victim-blaming, forcing the burden on the oppressed.==== 42 +Greenfield '15 43 +Kent Greenfield, March 13, 2015, "The Fraternity in Oklahoma Doesn't Deserve the Protections of Free Speech," Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/03/the-limits-of-free-speech/387718/ 44 +When frat boys delight in singing about lynching in Oklahoma, or loop a noose 45 +AND 46 +reliance on counterspeech effectively forces that very choice onto victims of hate speech. - EntryDate
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