Changes for page Scarsdale Zipursky Aff

Last modified by Administrator on 2017/08/29 03:40

From version < 46.1 >
edited by Gillian Zipursky
on 2016/11/21 01:11
To version < 92.1 >
edited by Gillian Zipursky
on 2017/04/30 18:49
< >
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Caselist.CitesClass[5]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,3 +1,0 @@
1 -Interpretation: If either debater does not read the full card as they have it on their computer or on paper they must verbally say to “mark the card” at a particular word and they must also make a marking in the speech doc or on that piece of paper.
2 -
3 -Interpretation: The neg may not read multiple types of skepticism. To clarify, they could read any of the ones they did, the conjunction is just abusive.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-09-22 17:41:39.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -All
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -All
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -6
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -1
Team
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Sept-Oct 1AR Interps Yale
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Yale
Caselist.CitesClass[7]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,47 +1,0 @@
1 -I affirm and value justice.
2 -The problems faced by political institutions must be resolved politically; an appropriate framework must provide a basis for justifying certain social structures within a pluralistic society Rawls 85
3 -John Rawls Harvard Philosophy Professor Justice as Fairness: Political not Metaphysical, Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 14, No. 3. 1985.
4 -It should be observed that, …to avoid philosophy's longstanding problems.
5 -
6 -The only way to resolve disagreement is through the original position. Leif 13
7 -Wenar, Leif, "John Rawls", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2013/entries/rawls/.
8 -The original position is a thought …out longer for a better deal.
9 -Thus the standard is consistency with judgments made from the original position.
10 -Prefer it:
11 -1. Ethics is constructivist – ethical norms are derived from the nature of ethical problems themselves
12 -Korsgaard 8 summarizes, Christine. Harvard Professor. The Constitution of Agency. 2008, Oxford University Press.
13 -So according to constructivism, …The truths that result describe that constructed reality.
14 -We derive normative rules from the original position. Leif 2
15 -Wenar, Leif, "John Rawls", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2013 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2013/entries/rawls/.
16 -
17 -The original position is …or as Rawls says, reasonable.
18 -
19 -2. Analytic
20 -3. Analytic
21 -4. Analytic
22 -I will defend the resolution generally but I will spec further in CX if you want. That’s better than speccing further because it enables you to get the ground you want, rather than forcing you to generate offense to a hyper-specific plan.
23 -From the original position, agents would arrive at a political system that equally distributed benefits and burdens. Abplanalp ‘10 Abplanalp, Edward, "BACKGROUND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: AN EXTENSION OF RAWLS'S POLITICAL LIBERALISM" (2010). Philosophy Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research. Paper 2. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/philosophydiss/2
24 -
25 -Recall Rawls‘s familiar thought …the citizen I represent?
26 -
27 -Environmental Discrimination is inconsistent. Abplanalp 2 Abplanalp, Edward, "BACKGROUND ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: AN EXTENSION OF RAWLS'S POLITICAL LIBERALISM" (2010). Philosophy Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research. Paper 2. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/philosophydiss/2
28 -
29 -A principle aim of a theory …difference principle. We shall do so now.
30 -Nuclear accidents and daily radiation disproportionately affect minority populations. Cousins Cousins, Elicia Researcher, Carleton College, Claire Karban, Fay Li, and Marianna Zapanta. “Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice.” Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project, no date.
31 -
32 -grassroots groups have started …nuclear power by way of their proximity.
33 -Nuclear power production profits from and reinforces exploitation of marginalized groups. Chen 11 Michelle Chen (Michelle Chen is Colorlines' Global Justice columnist. She is a regular contributor on labor issues at In These Times, as well as a member of the magazine's Board of Editors. Michelle's reporting has appeared in Ms. Magazine, AirAmerica, Alternet, Newsday, the Progressive Media Project, and her old zine, cain.), "The Radioactive Racism Behind Nuclear Energy", Color Lines, 03/23/2011, www.colorlines.com/articles/radioactive-racism-behind-nuclear-energy
34 -
35 -
36 -When the apocalyptic cloud …percent in 2009, according to Bloomberg.
37 -Utilitarian logic is part of the problem. Cousins 2
38 -Current legislation is based …additional costs for the government.
39 -
40 -Warming arguments buy into the logic of the oppressors. Policy-makers create a narrative of them as infeasible, when really they just don’t want to evenly distribute the burdens. Solar and Wind power solve distributive justice better—cost arguments are constructed to get nuclear power and then just use NIMBY campaigns to not have to deal with the burdens. Shrader-Frechette Kristin, June 23rd, O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame. She has previously held senior professorships at the University of California and the University of Florida. Most of Shrader-Frechette's research work analyzes the ethical problems in risk assessment, public health, or environmental justice - especially those related to radiological, ecological, and energy-related risks.1 Shrader-Frechette has received the Global Citizenship Award, and the Catholic Digest named her one of 12 "Heroes for the US and the World", published more than 380 articles and 16 books/monographs, “Five Myths About Nuclear Energy”, America Magazine, http://americamagazine.org/issue/660/article/five-myths-about-nuclear-energy
41 -
42 - Why have so many nations …power more than renewables?
43 -
44 -Underview
45 -1. Nuclear ban will accelerate tech breakthroughs in renewables; it will be a global leader Korosec 11 KIRSTEN KOROSEC, Fortune journalism, “Germany's Nuclear Ban: The Global Effect” Money Watch, May 31, 2011, 4:28 PM http://www.cbsnews.com/news/germanys-nuclear-ban-thehttp://www.cbsnews.com/news/germanys-nuclear-ban-the-global-effect/global-effect/
46 -
47 -Renewable markets Germany is …existing renewable energy businesses will expand.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-10-28 00:31:03.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Dan Alessandro
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Byram Hills RP
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -10
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -1
Team
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Sept-Oct Rawls AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Yale
Caselist.CitesClass[8]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,29 +1,0 @@
1 -Analytics
2 -The standard is respecting freedom. Prefer
3 -1. Performativity- Ostrowski on Hoppe
4 -James, , A SYMPOSIUM ON DRUG DECRIMINALIZATION: THE MORAL AND PRACTICAL CASE FOR DRUG LEGALIZATION. SPRING, 1990 18 Hofstra L. Rev. 607
5 -"Argumentation is...of non-aggression.
6 -2. Analytic
7 -3. If the universal subject is abstract, then an abstraction is necessary. The universal subject is key to challenging all forms of oppression. Farr
8 -Arnold (prof of phil @ UKentucky, focusing on German idealism, philosophy of race, postmodernism, psychoanalysis, and liberation philosophy). “Can a Philosophy of Race Afford to Abandon the Kantian Categorical Imperative?” JOURNAL of SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY, Vol. 33 No. 1, Spring 2002, 17–32.
9 -Whereas most criticisms...its emancipatory potential.
10 -
11 -Plan: The qualified immunity doctrine should be limited in excessive force cases to provide immunity only in cases where there has been a change in the legal standard.
12 -Hassel 9
13 -Diana Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs @ Roger Williams University School of Law, B.A., 1979, Mount Holyoke College; J.D., 1985, Rutgers University School of Law. "Excessive Reasonableness." Ind. L. Rev. 43 (2009): 117. https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol43p117.pdf
14 -
15 -First, individuals have a right to redress independent of whether we ought to hold the police officers accountable. Darwall 11
16 -Darwall, Stephen, and Julian Darwall. "Civil Recourse as Mutual Accountability." Fla. St. UL Rev. 39 (2011): 17.
17 -Goldberg and Zipursky... performing certain acts.”44
18 -
19 -Second, public officials derive their authority from the people, the public official must act for public ends, which is a limitation that comes from the source of their authority. Ripstein
20 -Ripstein, Arthur. Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 2009. Pg 196.
21 -Powers exercised within...its own law.
22 -
23 -Qualified immunity as it exists now doesn’t enable that – eliminating the double reasonableness requirement is key. Hassel 2
24 -Diana Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs @ Roger Williams University School of Law, B.A., 1979, Mount Holyoke College; J.D., 1985, Rutgers University School of Law. "Excessive Reasonableness." Ind. L. Rev. 43 (2009): 117. https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol43p117.pdf
25 -This Article focuses...deter police violence.
26 -
27 -Third, qualified immunity is a unilateral assertion of right—the standards are too vague. Stemerman 2
28 -Jonathan M. Stemerman (Lawyer, former clerk to Justice Randy J. Holland of the Delaware Supreme Court). Unclearly Establishing Qualified Immunity: What Sources of Authority May Be Used to Determine Whether the Law Is Clearly Established in the Third Circuit, 47 Vill. L. Rev. 1221 (2002). http://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/vlr/vol47/iss5/8
29 -The absence of...will remain unclear.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-11-04 22:46:41.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Erik Legried
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Hawken AS
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -11
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2
Team
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Nov-Dec Kant AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Apple Valley
Caselist.CitesClass[9]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,37 +1,0 @@
1 -Part 1 is the Burden
2 -The neg burden is to prove that there is be a morally relevant distinction between police officers and other individuals while the aff burden that this is not the case. Prefer the burden:
3 -1. Analytic
4 -2. Phil Ed: UNC UNC University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Why Major in Philosophy?," Name of website. Website Editor(s). Date of electronic publication. Date of access. http://philosophy.unc.edu/undergraduate-program/why-major-in-philosophy.
5 -Having …you might encounter.
6 -3. Legal Context: Blum 08 (Karen Blum, Suffolk University, “Section 1983: Qualified Immunity”, December 2008)
7 -In both the …interaction with Jones.”)
8 -4. Critical Education: Steering (Jerry Steering, Steering Law, “Why the Police Get Away with Violating Your Rights”)
9 -
10 -The police “oppress” …police misconduct cases.)
11 -5. Analytic
12 -Analytic
13 -
14 -Part 2 is Offense
15 -
16 -I’ll defend implementation if asked in CX and make any other specifications they want in order to meet their theory interps. Implementation and further specification are irrelevant under the burden but I am still willing to defend them.
17 -
18 - First, morally relevant distinctions can only be based on a priori reasoning.
19 -A. Normativity flow from reasoning via a priori categories; natural facts only show what is. Kant:
20 -
21 -We have therefore …every human being. 
22 -
23 -B. Analytic
24 -
25 -C. Analytic
26 -
27 -D. Analytic
28 -There is no a priori distinction between police officers and other individuals:
29 -A. Analytic
30 -B. Analytic
31 -
32 -Second, even if empirical distinctions are morally relevant, you still affirm:
33 -
34 -A. We can never prove an empirical distinction between individuals because no amount of subjective evidence can ever prove objective knowledge of the external world. Searle Searle, John R. Mind, Language, and Society: Philosophy in the Real World. New York: Basic Books; 2000. (27).
35 -You could have …of these scenarios.
36 -B. Even if there is an objective external world, all objects are one and the same within it which means that there is no distinction between any people. Schaffer Schaffer, Jonathan, "Monism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/monism/.
37 -To my knowledge …premises seem plausible.19
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-11-21 01:11:25.590
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Carlos Taylor
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Harvard Westlake EE
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -12
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -7
Team
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Nov-Dec Fun AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Glenbrooks
Caselist.RoundClass[6]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -5
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-09-22 17:41:37.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -All
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -All
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Yale
Caselist.RoundClass[10]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -7
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-10-28 00:31:01.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Dan Alessandro
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Byram Hills RP
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Yale
Caselist.RoundClass[11]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -8
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-11-04 22:46:39.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Erik Legried
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Hawken AS
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Apple Valley
Caselist.RoundClass[12]
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -2016-11-21 01:11:23.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Carlos Taylor
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Harvard Westlake EE
Round
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -7
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@
1 -Glenbrooks
Caselist.CitesClass[11]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,37 @@
1 +Part 1 is the Burden
2 +The neg burden is to prove that there is be a morally relevant distinction between police officers and other individuals while the aff burden that this is not the case. Prefer the burden:
3 +1. Analytic
4 +2. Phil Ed: UNC UNC University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Why Major in Philosophy?," Name of website. Website Editor(s). Date of electronic publication. Date of access. http://philosophy.unc.edu/undergraduate-program/why-major-in-philosophy.
5 +Having …you might encounter.
6 +3. Legal Context: Blum 08 (Karen Blum, Suffolk University, “Section 1983: Qualified Immunity”, December 2008)
7 +In both the …interaction with Jones.”)
8 +4. Critical Education: Steering (Jerry Steering, Steering Law, “Why the Police Get Away with Violating Your Rights”)
9 +
10 +The police “oppress” …police misconduct cases.)
11 +5. Analytic
12 +Analytic
13 +
14 +Part 2 is Offense
15 +
16 +I’ll defend implementation if asked in CX and make any other specifications they want in order to meet their theory interps. Implementation and further specification are irrelevant under the burden but I am still willing to defend them.
17 +
18 + First, morally relevant distinctions can only be based on a priori reasoning.
19 +A. Normativity flow from reasoning via a priori categories; natural facts only show what is. Kant:
20 +
21 +We have therefore …every human being. 
22 +
23 +B. Analytic
24 +
25 +C. Analytic
26 +
27 +D. Analytic
28 +There is no a priori distinction between police officers and other individuals:
29 +A. Analytic
30 +B. Analytic
31 +
32 +Second, even if empirical distinctions are morally relevant, you still affirm:
33 +
34 +A. We can never prove an empirical distinction between individuals because no amount of subjective evidence can ever prove objective knowledge of the external world. Searle Searle, John R. Mind, Language, and Society: Philosophy in the Real World. New York: Basic Books; 2000. (27).
35 +You could have …of these scenarios.
36 +B. Even if there is an objective external world, all objects are one and the same within it which means that there is no distinction between any people. Schaffer Schaffer, Jonathan, "Monism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/monism/.
37 +To my knowledge …premises seem plausible.19
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:52:01.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Carlos Taylor
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard Westlake EE
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +14
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +7
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Nov-Dec Fun AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Glenbrooks
Caselist.CitesClass[12]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,55 @@
1 +Part 1 is Framework
2 +There is no possibility of understanding a person in and of herself. All identities are understood through power relations – the differentiation of the subject through social relations, which are constantly changing and must, by necessity be constantly changing. Butler ‘92
3 +Judith Butler. 1992. “Continent Foundations: Feminism and the Question of “Postmodernism” Feminists Theorize the Political)
4 +In a sense,... to politics itself.
5 +
6 +Power is ubiquitous and fluid—it creates the subject. Orme
7 +Orme, Stephen. "Foucault: Subject, Power, Resistance." Academia.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 July 2016.
8 +We must imagine ...trans-individual process.'
9 +
10 +The judge should be an intellectual examining the accuracy of the processes that construct truth and how they interact with power structures. Foucault
11 +Michel Foucault, interviewed by Alessandro Fontana, Pasquale Pasquino, "TRUTH AND POWER"
12 +‘Truth’ is to...the present time.
13 +
14 +Governmentality is a form of power that is instrumental in constructing truth. Foucault 2 Power and Knowledge, 1980
15 +There is a battle …the truth itself.
16 +
17 +Understanding our relationship to political power is the only way to avoid a kind of causal determinism—otherwise we are always conditioned by power and can never escape it. Foucault 3 Foucault, Michel.
18 +Hermneutique du suet English
19 +The hermeneutics of the subject: lectures at the College de France, 1981-1982 / Michel Foucault; edited by FrandJeYic Gros; general editors, Francois Ewald and Alessandro Fontana ; translated by Graham Burchell.
20 +In other words, …with blameworthy stubbornness.
21 +
22 +Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater whose analysis better examines political governmentality.
23 +
24 +Part 2 is Genealogy
25 +The framework requires a non-normative examination of history. Koopman ‘13 Koopman, Colin. Genealogy as Critique. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2013. Print.
26 +
27 +It is important...and critical theory.
28 +
29 +Critical analyses are key to understanding our subjectivity. May ‘06
30 +May, Todd(2006)'Michel Foucault's guide to living',Angelaki,11:3,173 — 184
31 +The rise of...one thought about.
32 +
33 +Here is a historical analysis of qualified immunity~-~-Qualified immunity has been constructed by the courts – it’s not a really an act of Congress and the progression of cases show the doctrine has come unmoored from any of the justifications that are offered for it.
34 +Huq 15, Aziz Z Professor of Law at UChicago Law School, Fmr. Deputy Director of the Brennan Center for Justice. "Judicial Independence and the Rationing of Constitutional Remedies." Duke Law Journal 65, no. 1 (2015). http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1978andcontext=public_law_and_legal_theory
35 +No federal statute...concerns are at play.
36 +
37 +Genealogy is valuable under any ethical theory. Yancy
38 +George Yancy Prof. Philosophy @ Dusquene, “What White Looks Like,” 2004
39 +A genealogical examination...evaluate and overcome.
40 +
41 +Part 3 is Analysis
42 +
43 +First, qualified immunity prevents analysis of the law. Care for the self requires a constant evaluation of the way that power has conditioned our surroundings and qualified immunity means that citizens take laws for granted. Hassel 99, Diana Associate Professor, Roger Williams University School of Law. B.A. 1979, Mount Holyoke College; J.D. 1985, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey- Newark. Assistant United States Attorney, Southern District of New York, 1988-93. "Living a Lie: The Cost of Qualified Immunity." Mo. L. Rev 64 (1999): 123.
44 +The problem with...professes to accomplish.
45 +
46 +Second, qualified immunity valorizes the police as distinct from the public—this unexamined form of dualism allows governmentality to go uncontested. Johnson 14 Theoria, Issue 141, Vol. 61, No. 4 (December 2014): 5-29 doi:10.3167/th.2014.6114102 • ISSN 0040-5817 (Print) • ISSN 1558-5816 (Online)
47 +The police are...handed police-state.
48 +
49 +he continues
50 +A fully developed...effec- tively combated.
51 +
52 +Third, Qualified immunity is a bankrupt principle – the doctrine establishes a static rule that governs our ability to interpret and redefine the law in instances related to police behavior. Wright '15 Sam (), 11-3-2015, "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity," Above the Law, http://abovethelaw.com/2015/11/want-to-fight-police-misconduct-reform-qualified-immunity/
53 +I think Megan...make it happen.
54 +
55 +Fourth, Analytic
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:52:42.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Panel
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard Westlake CE
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +15
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Doubles
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Nov-Dec Governmentality AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Glenbrooks
Caselist.CitesClass[13]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,29 @@
1 +Analytics
2 +The standard is respecting freedom. Prefer
3 +1. Performativity- Ostrowski on Hoppe
4 +James, , A SYMPOSIUM ON DRUG DECRIMINALIZATION: THE MORAL AND PRACTICAL CASE FOR DRUG LEGALIZATION. SPRING, 1990 18 Hofstra L. Rev. 607
5 +"Argumentation is...of non-aggression.
6 +2. Analytic
7 +3. If the universal subject is abstract, then an abstraction is necessary. The universal subject is key to challenging all forms of oppression. Farr
8 +Arnold (prof of phil @ UKentucky, focusing on German idealism, philosophy of race, postmodernism, psychoanalysis, and liberation philosophy). “Can a Philosophy of Race Afford to Abandon the Kantian Categorical Imperative?” JOURNAL of SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY, Vol. 33 No. 1, Spring 2002, 17–32.
9 +Whereas most criticisms...its emancipatory potential.
10 +
11 +Plan: The qualified immunity doctrine should be limited in excessive force cases to provide immunity only in cases where there has been a change in the legal standard.
12 +Hassel 9
13 +Diana Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs @ Roger Williams University School of Law, B.A., 1979, Mount Holyoke College; J.D., 1985, Rutgers University School of Law. "Excessive Reasonableness." Ind. L. Rev. 43 (2009): 117. https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol43p117.pdf
14 +
15 +First, individuals have a right to redress independent of whether we ought to hold the police officers accountable. Darwall 11
16 +Darwall, Stephen, and Julian Darwall. "Civil Recourse as Mutual Accountability." Fla. St. UL Rev. 39 (2011): 17.
17 +Goldberg and Zipursky... performing certain acts.”44
18 +
19 +Second, public officials derive their authority from the people, the public official must act for public ends, which is a limitation that comes from the source of their authority. Ripstein
20 +Ripstein, Arthur. Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legal and Political Philosophy. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 2009. Pg 196.
21 +Powers exercised within...its own law.
22 +
23 +Qualified immunity as it exists now doesn’t enable that – eliminating the double reasonableness requirement is key. Hassel 2
24 +Diana Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs @ Roger Williams University School of Law, B.A., 1979, Mount Holyoke College; J.D., 1985, Rutgers University School of Law. "Excessive Reasonableness." Ind. L. Rev. 43 (2009): 117. https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol43p117.pdf
25 +This Article focuses...deter police violence.
26 +
27 +Third, qualified immunity is a unilateral assertion of right—the standards are too vague. Stemerman 2
28 +Jonathan M. Stemerman (Lawyer, former clerk to Justice Randy J. Holland of the Delaware Supreme Court). Unclearly Establishing Qualified Immunity: What Sources of Authority May Be Used to Determine Whether the Law Is Clearly Established in the Third Circuit, 47 Vill. L. Rev. 1221 (2002). http://digitalcommons.law.villanova.edu/vlr/vol47/iss5/8
29 +The absence of...will remain unclear.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:54:21.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Erik Legried
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Hawken AS
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +16
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Nov-Dec Kant AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Apple Valley
Caselist.CitesClass[15]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,67 @@
1 +Every policy embodies a set of values – the role of the ballot is to vote for a policy option that engages in a productive reorientation of the values underlying our politics.
2 +Espinoza ‘03
3 +Tejeda, Carlos, Manuel Espinoza, and Kris Gutierrez. "Toward a decolonizing pedagogy: Social justice reconsidered." Pedagogies of difference: Rethinking education for social change (2003): 9-38.
4 +Critical pedagogy has...ends of schooling.
5 +
6 +And understanding and working within institutions is key, even if we have a skeptical stance. Educational spaces are uniquely key – judge has an obligation to endorse political education to prevent ceding power.
7 +Giroux 6 (Henry, sociologist) “The abandoned generation: The urban debate league and the politics of possibility” from America on the Edge
8 +The decline of...potential of education.
9 +
10 +Policy education and practices like fiat are key to social change: state institutions aren’t ignorable, and simply pointing out problems isn’t enough. Themba-Nixon 2k
11 +
12 +Reform is possible—things have gotten at least a little better. Omi and Winant 13
13 +Michael Omi (Sociologist at UC Berkeley, focusing on antiracism scholarship and Asian American studies) and Howard Winant (Professor of Sociology affiliated with the Black Studies and Chicana/o Studies departments of UC Santa Barbara), Resistance is futile?: a response to Feagin and Elias, Ethnic and Racial Studies Volume 36, Issue 6, p. 961-973, Special Issue: Symposium - Rethinking Racial Formation Theory. 2013.
14 +
15 +In Feagin and...is not futile.
16 +
17 +C1 is Agonistic Culture
18 +The principle of free speech in academic spaces affirms each person’s right to make their own decisions instead of being told what to believe by governmental or corporate interests. Butler 13
19 +Judith Butler 13, 2-7-2013, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature department at UC Berkeley. She is the author of several books on feminist theory, continental philosophy and contemporary politics, "Judith Butler’s Remarks to Brooklyn College on BDS," Nation, https://www.thenation.com/article/judith-butlers-remarks-brooklyn-college-bds/
20 +
21 +The principle of...not the goal.
22 +
23 +Pedagogical spaces are the critical internal link – agonistic public spaces can only be maintained by creating a culture that educates agents to affirm it. Giroux 13
24 +Henry A. Giroux 13, 12-17-2013, "Henry A. Giroux," Truthout, http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/20669-radical-democracy-against-cultures-of-violence
25 +
26 +Radical democracy is...future is open.
27 +
28 +Two impacts –
29 +A. Controls the internal link to all critical approaches – to turn their theory into praxis requires agonism: only accepting the contestability of every principle allows us to challenge hegemonic frames of knowledge. Mouffe 10
30 +Chantal Mouffe 10, political theorist, 7-25-2010, "Chantal Mouffe: Agonistic Democracy and Radical Politics," Pavilion #15, http://pavilionmagazine.org/chantal-mouffe-agonistic-democracy-and-radical-politics/
31 +B. Enables the inclusion of the marginalized – their claims will always seem unreasonable. Schaap 6
32 +Andrew Schaap 6, Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, University of Melbourne,, 3-2006, "Agonism in divided societies," Philosophy and Social Criticism, http://psc.sagepub.com/content/32/2/255.short?rss=1andssource=mfc
33 +
34 +Because it presupposes...a ‘neutralising principle’.
35 +
36 +C2 is Censorship
37 +
38 +Censorship is a bad political strategy –
39 +First, backlash – the attempt to close political space is always imperfect and engenders resistance – censoring speech doesn’t change minds but redirects them – that threatens institutions and leaves supporters less prepared to defend their gains. Resistance to abortion proves. Honig 93
40 +Bonnie Honig 93, Nancy Duke Lewis Professor in the departments of Modern Culture and Media (MCM) and Political Science at Brown, 4-15-1993, "Political Theory And The Displacement Of Politics," Cornell University Press.
41 +
42 +The perpetuity of...theory of politics
43 +
44 +The terminal impact is right-wing revanchism, militarism and global disaster.
45 +Rorty, Richard, Stanford Philosophy Professor, Achieving Our Country, pp. 87-94)
46 +
47 +If the formation... a resourceful spook."
48 +
49 +Second, speech codes are clear policy failures – they don’t decrease bigotry, but they’re used against those they’re seeing to help. Friedersdorf 15
50 +Conor Friedersdorf 15, 12-10-2015, "The Lessons of Bygone Free-Speech Fights," Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/12/what-student-activists-can-learn-from-bygone-free-speech-fights/419178/
51 +
52 +He was writing...behalf of blacks.”
53 +
54 +Third, retargeting – people with the ideologies you want to censor are still out there and use the censorship apparatus against you. Cammaerts 9
55 +Bart Cammaerts 9, London School of Economics and Political Science, England, 11-2009, "Radical pluralism and free speech in online public spaces," International Journal of Cultural Studies, http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/27895/1/Radical_pluralism_and_free_speech_in_online_public_spaces_(LSERO).pdf
56 +
57 +UC proves – government interests aggressively pushed anti-BDS speech codes. They become political pawns and give more influence to the people already in charge. Friedersdorf 16
58 +Conor Friedersdorf 16 (a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he focuses on politics and national affairs; the founding editor of The Best of Journalism) “The Glaring Evidence That Free Speech Is Threatened on Campus” The Atlantic, March 4, 2016. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/03/the-glaring-evidence-that-free-speech-is-threatened-on-campus/471825/
59 +
60 +Fourth, To silence problematic speech is to both legitimate it and aid in its dissemination—links turns arguments about problematic speech Rosenbloom 11
61 +Oliver Rosenbloom 11 (Summer Intern @ FIRE), "Can a College that Protects Free Speech be ‘Gay-Friendly’?", Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, 07/26/2011, https://www.thefire.org/can-a-college-that-protects-free-speech-be-gay-friendly/
62 +
63 +Underview
64 +Limiting free speech prevents criticism of institutions – universities will crack down on student press and critical opinions.
65 +Sanders ‘06 (Chris Sanders, "CENSORSHIP 101: ANTI-HAZELWOOD LAWS AND THE PRESERVATION OF FREE SPEECH AT COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES", 11/30/2006 , Alabama Law Review)
66 +
67 +Post-Hazelwood censorship...editors in a difficult position
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-06 20:14:59.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Panel
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Ridge JH
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +18
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jan-Feb Stock AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark RR
Caselist.CitesClass[16]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,59 @@
1 +A community is both defined and destabilized by what it excludes – violence is the constitutive condition of any ethico-political order. We cannot escape that violence and participate even in our attempts to catalogue it. The task of politics is to search for a “lesser violence,” even though that’s never innocent.
2 +Hagglund, Martin. 2006. “The Necessity of Discrimination: Disjoining Derrida and Levinas.” diacritics 34 (1): 40–71.
3 +There is no...perpetrating the better.
4 +
5 +Ideal theory and abstract utopianism are self-defeating: we can criticize social injustices but the ultimate question is what sort of institutions organize and channel violence in a direction that lessens it.
6 +Hagglund 2, Martin. 2006. “The Necessity of Discrimination: Disjoining Derrida and Levinas.” diacritics 34 (1): 40–71.
7 +It is only...himself be guided.
8 +
9 +The solution is agonism: a politics that distinguishes the enemy from the adversary by the agonistic principle: the inclusion of all who accept the contestability of their own points of view. This constructs a polity despite the facts of pluralism and violence.
10 +Chantal Mouffe 10, political theorist, 7-25-2010, "Chantal Mouffe: Agonistic Democracy and Radical Politics," Pavilion #15, http://pavilionmagazine.org/chantal-mouffe-agonistic-democracy-and-radical-politics/
11 +
12 +I myself argue...between real alternatives.
13 +
14 +So, the standard is consistency with the agonistic principle. Prefer –
15 +1. Analytic
16 +2. Analytic
17 +3. Rules cannot determine their own application: we reason within a framework of language and norms, but how to apply each of those norms in to a new situation is radically indeterminate. Holton provides a mathematical example:
18 +Holton, Richard. "Meaning and Rule-Following."
19 +The central idea...further interpretations itself.
20 +
21 +Impacts:
22 +A. Analytic
23 +B. Only agonism accounts for the diversity of interpretations of our norms. Democratic citizenship has diverse forms, none of which can be privileged a priori.
24 +Mouffe 2k, Chantal. "Wittgenstein, political theory and democracy." The Democratic Paradox 60 (2000): 79.
25 +Following a rule...thinking is invaluable.
26 +
27 +Contention
28 +
29 +The principle of free speech in academic spaces affirms each person’s right to make their own decisions instead of being told what to believe by governmental or corporate interests. It doesn’t aim at agreement but preserves the agon.
30 +Judith Butler 13, 2-7-2013, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature department at UC Berkeley. She is the author of several books on feminist theory, continental philosophy and contemporary politics, "Judith Butler’s Remarks to Brooklyn College on BDS," Nation, https://www.thenation.com/article/judith-butlers-remarks-brooklyn-college-bds/
31 +The principle of...not the goal.
32 +
33 +Pedagogical spaces must be the starting point: the space for contestation requires a culture that educates agents to affirm it.
34 +Henry A. Giroux 13, 12-17-2013, "Henry A. Giroux," Truthout, http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/20669-radical-democracy-against-cultures-of-violence
35 +Radical democracy is...future is open.
36 +
37 +Impacts:
38 +A. Analytic
39 +B. Analytic
40 +C. Justifies switch-side debate: it advances tolerance and makes debaters better at understanding alternative views.
41 +Harrigan 8 (Casey, Associate Director of Debate at UGA, Master’s in Communications – Wake Forest U., “A Defense of Switch Side Debate”, Master’s thesis at Wake Forest, Department of Communication, May, pp.43-45
42 +Even when limited...in contemporary society.
43 +
44 +Next, censorship is an abysmal political strategy –
45 +First, backlash – the attempt to close political space is always imperfect and engenders resistance – censoring speech doesn’t change minds but redirects them – that threatens institutions and leaves supporters less prepared to defend their gains. Resistance to abortion proves.
46 +Bonnie Honig 93, Nancy Duke Lewis Professor in the departments of Modern Culture and Media (MCM) and Political Science at Brown, 4-15-1993, "Political Theory And The Displacement Of Politics," Cornell University Press.
47 +The perpetuity of...theory of politics
48 +
49 +Second, speech codes are clear policy failures – they don’t decrease bigotry, but they’re used against those they’re seeing to help.
50 +Conor Friedersdorf 15, 12-10-2015, "The Lessons of Bygone Free-Speech Fights," Atlantic, http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/12/what-student-activists-can-learn-from-bygone-free-speech-fights/419178/
51 +He was writing...behalf of blacks.”
52 +
53 +UC proves – government interests aggressively pushed anti-BDS speech codes. They become political pawns and give more influence to the people in charge
54 +Conor Friedersdorf 16 (a staff writer at The Atlantic, where he focuses on politics and national affairs; the founding editor of The Best of Journalism) “The Glaring Evidence That Free Speech Is Threatened on Campus” The Atlantic, March 4, 2016. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/03/the-glaring-evidence-that-free-speech-is-threatened-on-campus/471825/
55 +Or forget big...protected free speech.”
56 +
57 +The oppressed are the ones that lose out most – their demands are the ones that seem unreasonable to those in power
58 +Andrew Schaap 6, Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, University of Melbourne,, 3-2006, "Agonism in divided societies," Philosophy and Social Criticism, http://psc.sagepub.com/content/32/2/255.short?rss=1andssource=mfc
59 +Because it presupposes...a ‘neutralising principle’.3
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-08 03:49:54.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Neha Pai
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harrison CW
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +19
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +4
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jan-Feb Agonism AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark
Caselist.CitesClass[17]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,33 @@
1 +Framework
2 +Bracketed for clarity and gendered language
3 +Practical reason is the only way to generate moral obligations –
4 +analytics
5 +The standard is respecting freedom. Prefer:
6 +
7 +Performativity Ostrowski on Hoppe Stroud, Scott R. "Kant on Education and the Rhetorical Force of the Example." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 41.5 (2011): 416-438.
8 +James, , A SYMPOSIUM ON DRUG DECRIMINALIZATION: THE MORAL AND PRACTICAL CASE FOR DRUG LEGALIZATION. SPRING, 1990 18 Hofstra L. Rev. 607
9 +"Argumentation is a conflict…confirmed in round.
10 +2. The framework is a prerequisite to all ends based theories: It creates a cohesive whole instead of fragmented steps and explains why the agent is engaged in the subsidiary actions. Callard Agnes Callard. “Aristotle on the Unity of Action” (2010).
11 +If this is … nonbasic intentional action.’
12 +analytic
13 +3. Kantianism is specifically key in pedagogical spaces. Stroud
14 +In this way, … Kant’s rhetorical scheme.
15 +Analytic
16 +I defend the maxim that public colleges and universities in the US ought not restrict any constitutionally protected free speech. I will accept neg preferences on specificity and implementation as long as they don’t require me to abandon my maxim. If I lose the T debate, just reevaluate my offense under their interpretation to promote topical education and deter frivolous theory.
17 +
18 +Contention
19 +
20 +Freedom of speech is a necessary freedom: governments cannot put any restrictions on it no matter what the content of the speech is. Lambert 16 (Saber, writer @ being libertarian, “The Degradation of Free Speech and Personal Liberty,” April 9, 2016, https://beinglibertarian.com/the-degradation-of-free-speech-and-personal-liberty///LADI)
21 +Many individuals in ….matter how miniscule.
22 +2. A lack of complete freedom of speech means that the minority will lose the liberty of having their voice heard: the majority will always dominate over them. Cartwright 3 (Will, “Mill on Freedom of Discussion,” Richmond Journal of Philosophy 5 (Autumn 2003), http://www.richmond-philosophy.net/rjp/back_issues/rjp5_cartwright.pdf//LADI)
23 +Though freedom of … the other two.
24 +analytic
25 +3. Speech and language is not intrinsically violent: the only possible issues with it come with its implementation, which means that it is not harmful in itself. Anderson 6 — Amanda Anderson, Caroline Donovan Professor of English Literature and Department Chair at Johns Hopkins University, Senior Fellow at the School of Criticism and Theory at Cornell University, holds a Ph.D. in English from Cornell University, 2006 (“Reply to My Critic(s),” Criticism, Volume 48, Number 2, Spring, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Project MUSE, p. 285-287)
26 +Let's first examine … further elaboration here.
27 +Analytics
28 +Underview
29 +The role of the ballot is to determine whether the resolutional statement is true or false.
30 +A. Once we are within the debate, we must only follow the constitutive rules of debate, which are time constraints and truth and falsity, even when they interfere with ultimate purpose. Nardin Terry Nardin, “International Ethics and International Law”. Review of International Studies, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan., 1992), pp. 19-30, published by Cambridge University Press . JStor, Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20097279 . RP 2/6/13
31 +Practical association displays … these good results.
32 +B. It’s the most fair role of the ballot because it’s the most predictable
33 +analytics
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-08 16:25:00.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Neha Pai
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harrison CW
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +20
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +4
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jan-Feb Kant AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark
Caselist.CitesClass[18]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,28 @@
1 +Ought is defined as consistency with legal norms. Kelsen (Hans Kelsen, “On the Pure Theory of Law,” Israel Law Review, January 1966)
2 +That it is a … or superhuman will.
3 +
4 +Ought as a moral obligation does this because our inability to judge actions without tainting our evaluations with personal experiences makes it impossible to derive objective conclusions. Nietzsche
5 +Human, All Too Human. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. Translated by R. J Hollingdale. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996
6 +The falsity of… anything else whatever. (Aphorism #32)
7 +
8 +The open question argument disproves any moral obligations. Pidgen
9 +Pigden, Charles. “Russell’s Moral Philosophy.” SEP. 2007
10 +For any naturalistic … not mean ‘X’.
11 +
12 +Learning about the law spills over into other forms of education. Virgo (Graham Virgo, Why Study Law at University if I don't want to become a lawyer, University of Cambridge, Faculty of Law)
13 + One of the real benefits … ‘Law is reason free from
14 +
15 +Learning about the intricacies of the law and how it works is key to social change. Themba-Nixon 2k
16 +(Makani, Executive Director of The Praxis Project, a nonprofit organization helping communities use media and policy advocacy to advance health equity and justice. “Changing the Rules: What Public Policy Means for Organizing” Colorlines 3.2)
17 +Getting It in Writing … to making it so.
18 +
19 +Moral norms are not identifiable outside of the context from which they arise. Only law can unify these disagreements on an international scale.
20 +Jurgen Habermas, Law and Morality, THE TANNER LECTURES ON HUMAN VALUES, October 1, 1986. SM
21 +It is characteristic… n and assessment of principles
22 +
23 +Court and legal consensus affirm. FIRE
24 +FIRE. "State of the Law: Speech Codes." FIRE. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2017. https://www.thefire.org/in-court/state-of-the-law-speech-codes/
25 +That the First … of state universities.”
26 +
27 +It’s constitutive and defines what laws are okay in the first place. The State Department
28 +"The Constitution of the United States of America." Almanac of Policy Issues. June 2004. Web.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-15 20:39:05.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +John Staunton
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Valley CT
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +22
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jan-Feb Law AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Lexington
Caselist.CitesClass[19]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,17 @@
1 +Interpretation: If either debater does not read the full card as they have it on their computer or on paper they must verbally say to “mark the card” at a particular word.
2 +
3 +Interpretation: The neg may not read multiple types of skepticism. To clarify, they could read any of the ones they did, the conjunction is just abusive.
4 +
5 +Interpretation: The neg may not read a standard of consistency with the will of the sovereign, deny the Aff the RVI on theory, and read turns to the AC.
6 +
7 +Interpretation: The neg may not read theoretical reasons to prefer their framework.
8 +
9 +Interpretation: The neg may not read multiple arguments for why the resolutional action is incoherent and say that winning any one of them is sufficient to negate.
10 +
11 +Interpretation: The neg may not read a standard of consistency with international law, say that they can trigger presumption in multiple places, and read turns to the AC.
12 +
13 +Interpretation: If the neg says that they advocate something other than the status quo, they must have a text in the 1NC clarifying their advocacy or they must be willing to clarify what type of speech they restrict in CX.
14 +
15 +Interpretation: If the neg reads a counterplan that restricts one type of speech, and says that they don't restrict other types of speech, they must concede that if the Aff proves the counterplan is worse than the Aff, then the aff wins.
16 +
17 +Interpretation: The neg must have an advocacy.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-24 17:34:11.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +23
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +0-1AR Interps
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Caselist.CitesClass[20]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,27 @@
1 +The nature of free action gives you an infinite, unlimited obligation to the Other that rejects all totalization.
2 +Pat J Gehrke (associate professor in the Speech Communication and Rhetoric Program and the Department of English at the University of South Carolina), "B
3 +Levinas inverts Hegel … cannot be declined.
4 +no ethical theory can justify or outweigh totalization impacts because they presume nontotalization in engaging in normative reasoning. Beavers
5 +Beavers, Anthony. "Introducing Levinas to undergraduate philosophers." Colloquy paper, Undergraduate Philosophy Association, University of Texas. Austin (1990).
6 +
7 +In real action, there is not only you and the other, but a third presence of other others. In that situation, you must make choices and use institutions to protect the third from the other.
8 +Yost Continental Philosophy Review, forthcoming “Responsibility and Revision: a Levinasian Argument for the Abolition of Capital Punishment.” Continental Philosophy Review, forthcoming
9 +Otherwise than Being … than its violation.
10 +The Other’s speech overflows our conceptual categories – we cannot and do not understand its totality. To use one conceptual framework is totalizing and a violation of the Other’s alterity.
11 +Trey 98, George. Solidarity and difference: the politics of enlightenment in the aftermath of modernity. SUNY Press, 1998.
12 +On what grounds, … the ethical structure (TI, 196–97).
13 +All of those judgments are also indexed to power structures and sources of authority that can create intersubjective frames at all – means that they retrench the role of brute power rather than reducing it.
14 +Trey 98, George. Solidarity and difference: the politics of enlightenment in the aftermath of modernity. SUNY Press, 1998.
15 +But here, Levinas …. a form of power.
16 +The standard requires that agents respect the Other as an independent creator of meaning that we must interact with – this doesn’t mean uncritically accepting their views but treating them as a source of meanings
17 +ALPHONSO LINGIS, Introduction to his translated edition of Levinas, “Totality and Infinity” (1991)
18 +It has been a… and speaks for himself.
19 +First, both globally and domestically, speech codes worsen hate and target minorities – empirics prove.
20 +Strossen 1 Strossen, Nadine. John Marshall Harlan II Professor of Law, New York Law School “Incitement to Hatred: Should There Be a Limit?” Southern Illinois University Law Journal, Vol. 25, 2001.
21 +Based on actual …l to disempowered groups.
22 +Second, backlash – the attempt to close political space is always imperfect and engenders resistance – censoring speech doesn’t change minds but redirects them – that threatens institutions and leaves supporters less prepared to defend their gains. Resistance to abortion proves.
23 +Bonnie Honig 93, Nancy Duke Lewis Professor in the departments of Modern Culture and Media (MCM) and Political Science at Brown, 4-15-1993, "Political Theory And The Displacement Of Politics," Cornell University Press.
24 +The perpetuity of contest … theory of politics
25 + Third, empirics show community counter-speech solves.
26 +Majeed Majeed, Azhar. J.D., University of Michigan “Defying the Constitution: The Rise, Persistence, and Prevalence Of Campus Speech Codes.” Georgetown Journal of Law and Public Policy, 7 Geo. J.L. and Pub. Pol’y 481, 2009.
27 +Moreover, the counterspeech… used to respond to hateful messages.
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-04-30 18:49:36.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jackson Lallas
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Lexington NB
ParentRound
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +24
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Team
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Scarsdale Zipursky Aff
Title
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jan-Feb Levinas AC
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +TOC
Caselist.RoundClass[14]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +11
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:51:59.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Carlos Taylor
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard Westlake EE
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +7
RoundReport
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,2 @@
1 +AC- This
2 +NC- Curry and Wilderson
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Glenbrooks
Caselist.RoundClass[15]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +12
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:52:41.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Panel
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard Westlake CE
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Doubles
RoundReport
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,2 @@
1 +AC- This
2 +NC- Wilderson
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Glenbrooks
Caselist.RoundClass[16]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +13
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:54:19.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Erik Legried
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Hawken AS
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2
RoundReport
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,2 @@
1 +AC- This
2 +NC- Fem K and Crime DA
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Apple Valley
Caselist.RoundClass[17]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +14
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2016-11-23 18:54:55.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
RoundReport
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,2 @@
1 +AC- This
2 +NC- Levinas and case turns
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Yale
Caselist.RoundClass[18]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +15
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-06 20:14:57.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Panel
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Ridge JH
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark RR
Caselist.RoundClass[19]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +16
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-08 03:49:49.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Neha Pai
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harrison CW
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +4
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark
Caselist.RoundClass[20]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +17
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-08 16:24:58.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Neha Pai
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harrison CW
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +4
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Newark
Caselist.RoundClass[21]
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-15 20:38:14.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +John Staunton
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Valley CT
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Lexington
Caselist.RoundClass[22]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +18
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-15 20:39:03.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +John Staunton
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Valley CT
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Lexington
Caselist.RoundClass[23]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +19
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-01-24 17:34:09.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +All
Caselist.RoundClass[24]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +20
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-04-30 18:49:34.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jackson Lallas
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Lexington NB
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +TOC

Schools

Aberdeen Central (SD)
Acton-Boxborough (MA)
Albany (CA)
Albuquerque Academy (NM)
Alief Taylor (TX)
American Heritage Boca Delray (FL)
American Heritage Plantation (FL)
Anderson (TX)
Annie Wright (WA)
Apple Valley (MN)
Appleton East (WI)
Arbor View (NV)
Arcadia (CA)
Archbishop Mitty (CA)
Ardrey Kell (NC)
Ashland (OR)
Athens (TX)
Bainbridge (WA)
Bakersfield (CA)
Barbers Hill (TX)
Barrington (IL)
BASIS Mesa (AZ)
BASIS Scottsdale (AZ)
BASIS Silicon (CA)
Beckman (CA)
Bellarmine (CA)
Benjamin Franklin (LA)
Benjamin N Cardozo (NY)
Bentonville (AR)
Bergen County (NJ)
Bettendorf (IA)
Bingham (UT)
Blue Valley Southwest (KS)
Brentwood (CA)
Brentwood Middle (CA)
Bridgewater-Raritan (NJ)
Bronx Science (NY)
Brophy College Prep (AZ)
Brown (KY)
Byram Hills (NY)
Byron Nelson (TX)
Cabot (AR)
Calhoun Homeschool (TX)
Cambridge Rindge (MA)
Canyon Crest (CA)
Canyon Springs (NV)
Cape Fear Academy (NC)
Carmel Valley Independent (CA)
Carpe Diem (NJ)
Cedar Park (TX)
Cedar Ridge (TX)
Centennial (ID)
Centennial (TX)
Center For Talented Youth (MD)
Cerritos (CA)
Chaminade (CA)
Chandler (AZ)
Chandler Prep (AZ)
Chaparral (AZ)
Charles E Smith (MD)
Cherokee (OK)
Christ Episcopal (LA)
Christopher Columbus (FL)
Cinco Ranch (TX)
Citrus Valley (CA)
Claremont (CA)
Clark (NV)
Clark (TX)
Clear Brook (TX)
Clements (TX)
Clovis North (CA)
College Prep (CA)
Collegiate (NY)
Colleyville Heritage (TX)
Concord Carlisle (MA)
Concordia Lutheran (TX)
Connally (TX)
Coral Glades (FL)
Coral Science (NV)
Coral Springs (FL)
Coppell (TX)
Copper Hills (UT)
Corona Del Sol (AZ)
Crandall (TX)
Crossroads (CA)
Cupertino (CA)
Cy-Fair (TX)
Cypress Bay (FL)
Cypress Falls (TX)
Cypress Lakes (TX)
Cypress Ridge (TX)
Cypress Springs (TX)
Cypress Woods (TX)
Dallastown (PA)
Davis (CA)
Delbarton (NJ)
Derby (KS)
Des Moines Roosevelt (IA)
Desert Vista (AZ)
Diamond Bar (CA)
Dobson (AZ)
Dougherty Valley (CA)
Dowling Catholic (IA)
Dripping Springs (TX)
Dulles (TX)
duPont Manual (KY)
Dwyer (FL)
Eagle (ID)
Eastside Catholic (WA)
Edgemont (NY)
Edina (MN)
Edmond North (OK)
Edmond Santa Fe (OK)
El Cerrito (CA)
Elkins (TX)
Enloe (NC)
Episcopal (TX)
Evanston (IL)
Evergreen Valley (CA)
Ferris (TX)
Flintridge Sacred Heart (CA)
Flower Mound (TX)
Fordham Prep (NY)
Fort Lauderdale (FL)
Fort Walton Beach (FL)
Freehold Township (NJ)
Fremont (NE)
Frontier (MO)
Gabrielino (CA)
Garland (TX)
George Ranch (TX)
Georgetown Day (DC)
Gig Harbor (WA)
Gilmour (OH)
Glenbrook South (IL)
Gonzaga Prep (WA)
Grand Junction (CO)
Grapevine (TX)
Green Valley (NV)
Greenhill (TX)
Guyer (TX)
Hamilton (AZ)
Hamilton (MT)
Harker (CA)
Harmony (TX)
Harrison (NY)
Harvard Westlake (CA)
Hawken (OH)
Head Royce (CA)
Hebron (TX)
Heights (MD)
Hendrick Hudson (NY)
Henry Grady (GA)
Highland (UT)
Highland (ID)
Hockaday (TX)
Holy Cross (LA)
Homewood Flossmoor (IL)
Hopkins (MN)
Houston Homeschool (TX)
Hunter College (NY)
Hutchinson (KS)
Immaculate Heart (CA)
Independent (All)
Interlake (WA)
Isidore Newman (LA)
Jack C Hays (TX)
James Bowie (TX)
Jefferson City (MO)
Jersey Village (TX)
John Marshall (CA)
Juan Diego (UT)
Jupiter (FL)
Kapaun Mount Carmel (KS)
Kamiak (WA)
Katy Taylor (TX)
Keller (TX)
Kempner (TX)
Kent Denver (CO)
King (FL)
Kingwood (TX)
Kinkaid (TX)
Klein (TX)
Klein Oak (TX)
Kudos College (CA)
La Canada (CA)
La Costa Canyon (CA)
La Jolla (CA)
La Reina (CA)
Lafayette (MO)
Lake Highland (FL)
Lake Travis (TX)
Lakeville North (MN)
Lakeville South (MN)
Lamar (TX)
LAMP (AL)
Law Magnet (TX)
Langham Creek (TX)
Lansing (KS)
LaSalle College (PA)
Lawrence Free State (KS)
Layton (UT)
Leland (CA)
Leucadia Independent (CA)
Lexington (MA)
Liberty Christian (TX)
Lincoln (OR)
Lincoln (NE)
Lincoln East (NE)
Lindale (TX)
Livingston (NJ)
Logan (UT)
Lone Peak (UT)
Los Altos (CA)
Los Osos (CA)
Lovejoy (TX)
Loyola (CA)
Loyola Blakefield (MA)
Lynbrook (CA)
Maeser Prep (UT)
Mannford (OK)
Marcus (TX)
Marlborough (CA)
McClintock (AZ)
McDowell (PA)
McNeil (TX)
Meadows (NV)
Memorial (TX)
Millard North (NE)
Millard South (NE)
Millard West (NE)
Millburn (NJ)
Milpitas (CA)
Miramonte (CA)
Mission San Jose (CA)
Monsignor Kelly (TX)
Monta Vista (CA)
Montclair Kimberley (NJ)
Montgomery (TX)
Monticello (NY)
Montville Township (NJ)
Morris Hills (NJ)
Mountain Brook (AL)
Mountain Pointe (AZ)
Mountain View (CA)
Mountain View (AZ)
Murphy Middle (TX)
NCSSM (NC)
New Orleans Jesuit (LA)
New Trier (IL)
Newark Science (NJ)
Newburgh Free Academy (NY)
Newport (WA)
North Allegheny (PA)
North Crowley (TX)
North Hollywood (CA)
Northland Christian (TX)
Northwood (CA)
Notre Dame (CA)
Nueva (CA)
Oak Hall (FL)
Oakwood (CA)
Okoboji (IA)
Oxbridge (FL)
Oxford (CA)
Pacific Ridge (CA)
Palm Beach Gardens (FL)
Palo Alto Independent (CA)
Palos Verdes Peninsula (CA)
Park Crossing (AL)
Peak to Peak (CO)
Pembroke Pines (FL)
Pennsbury (PA)
Phillips Academy Andover (MA)
Phoenix Country Day (AZ)
Pine Crest (FL)
Pingry (NJ)
Pittsburgh Central Catholic (PA)
Plano East (TX)
Polytechnic (CA)
Presentation (CA)
Princeton (NJ)
Prosper (TX)
Quarry Lane (CA)
Raisbeck-Aviation (WA)
Rancho Bernardo (CA)
Randolph (NJ)
Reagan (TX)
Richardson (TX)
Ridge (NJ)
Ridge Point (TX)
Riverside (SC)
Robert Vela (TX)
Rosemount (MN)
Roseville (MN)
Round Rock (TX)
Rowland Hall (UT)
Royse City (TX)
Ruston (LA)
Sacred Heart (MA)
Sacred Heart (MS)
Sage Hill (CA)
Sage Ridge (NV)
Salado (TX)
Salpointe Catholic (AZ)
Sammamish (WA)
San Dieguito (CA)
San Marino (CA)
SandHoke (NC)
Santa Monica (CA)
Sarasota (FL)
Saratoga (CA)
Scarsdale (NY)
Servite (CA)
Seven Lakes (TX)
Shawnee Mission East (KS)
Shawnee Mission Northwest (KS)
Shawnee Mission South (KS)
Shawnee Mission West (KS)
Sky View (UT)
Skyline (UT)
Smithson Valley (TX)
Southlake Carroll (TX)
Sprague (OR)
St Agnes (TX)
St Andrews (MS)
St Francis (CA)
St James (AL)
St Johns (TX)
St Louis Park (MN)
St Margarets (CA)
St Marys Hall (TX)
St Thomas (MN)
St Thomas (TX)
Stephen F Austin (TX)
Stoneman Douglas (FL)
Stony Point (TX)
Strake Jesuit (TX)
Stratford (TX)
Stratford Independent (CA)
Stuyvesant (NY)
Success Academy (NY)
Sunnyslope (AZ)
Sunset (OR)
Syosset (NY)
Tahoma (WA)
Talley (AZ)
Texas Academy of Math and Science (TX)
Thomas Jefferson (VA)
Thompkins (TX)
Timber Creek (FL)
Timothy Christian (NJ)
Tom C Clark (TX)
Tompkins (TX)
Torrey Pines (CA)
Travis (TX)
Trinity (KY)
Trinity Prep (FL)
Trinity Valley (TX)
Truman (PA)
Turlock (CA)
Union (OK)
Unionville (PA)
University High (CA)
University School (OH)
University (FL)
Upper Arlington (OH)
Upper Dublin (PA)
Valley (IA)
Valor Christian (CO)
Vashon (WA)
Ventura (CA)
Veritas Prep (AZ)
Vestavia Hills (AL)
Vincentian (PA)
Walla Walla (WA)
Walt Whitman (MD)
Warren (TX)
Wenatchee (WA)
West (UT)
West Ranch (CA)
Westford (MA)
Westlake (TX)
Westview (OR)
Westwood (TX)
Whitefish Bay (WI)
Whitney (CA)
Wilson (DC)
Winston Churchill (TX)
Winter Springs (FL)
Woodlands (TX)
Woodlands College Park (TX)
Wren (SC)
Yucca Valley (CA)