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+Framework |
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+Ethical deduction fails and political questions are undecidable – individuals instead construct systems of meaning and value from their own perspective. |
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+Parrish, Rick. "Derrida's economy of violence in Hobbes' social contract." Theory and Event 7.4 (2005). |
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+The point, as … any ethical system. |
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+But, the resolution is a question of politics – the ultimate end of politics is enabling individuals to live together in a society. This contradiction dooms theories of deliberative democracy but doesn’t destroy the possibility of democratic politics altogether: the solution is agonism. |
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+Chantal Mouffe 10 *bracketed for gendered language*, political theorist, 7-25-2010, "Chantal Mouffe: Agonistic Democracy and Radical Politics," Pavilion #15, http://pavilionmagazine.org/chantal-mouffe-agonistic-democracy-and-radical-politics/ |
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+One of the …between real alternatives. |
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+Thus, the standard is consistency with agonistic democracy. |
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+Prefer the standard: |
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+1. Violence is necessary and inevitable – ethical theories must organize rather than inhibit it, since otherwise we could conceptualize nothing at all, doing even greater violence. |
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+Hagglund, Martin. 2006. “The Necessity of Discrimination: Disjoining Derrida and Levinas.” diacritics 34 (1): 40–71. |
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+The utopian dream … himself be guided. |
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+analytic |
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+2. Agonism is the best mode of inclusion and outweighs exclusionary attitudes within the agon. This is also true of switch-side debate too – this model resists fundamentalism and helps change people’s minds. |
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+Harrigan 8 (Casey, Associate Director of Debate at UGA, Master’s in Communications – Wake Forest U., “A Defense of Switch Side Debate”, Master’s thesis at Wake Forest, Department of Communication, May, pp.43-45 |
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+The relevance of … in contemporary society. |
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+analytics |
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+ |
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+analytic |
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+Contention |
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+1. The struggle for radical democracy must center pedagogy – the democratic sphere is maintained by creating a culture of agents that affirm it. |
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+Henry A. Giroux 13, 12-17-2013, "Henry A. Giroux," Truthout, http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/20669-radical-democracy-against-cultures-of-violence |
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+Radical democracy is …future is open. |
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+Discourse in academic spaces is agonistic – it doesn’t aim at agreement. The principle of academic freedom enables individuals to make their own decisions and makes the university consistent with democratic culture. |
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+Judith Butler 13, 2-7-2013, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature department at UC Berkeley. She is the author of several books on feminist theory, continental philosophy and contemporary politics, "Judith Butler’s Remarks to Brooklyn College on BDS," Nation, https://www.thenation.com/article/judith-butlers-remarks-brooklyn-college-bds/ |
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+The principle of … not the goal. |
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+2. Censorship imperils the conditions of public discourse – it turns speech into a weapon. |
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+Judith Butler 13, 2-7-2013, professor in the Rhetoric and Comparative Literature department at UC Berkeley. She is the author of several books on feminist theory, continental philosophy and contemporary politics, "Judith Butler’s Remarks to Brooklyn College on BDS," Nation, https://www.thenation.com/article/judith-butlers-remarks-brooklyn-college-bds/ |
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+And yet all …disagreement, even disarray? |
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+3. The attempt to close political space is always imperfect and engenders resistance – censoring speech doesn’t change minds but redirects them – that threatens institutions and leaves supporters less prepared to defend their gains. Resistance to abortion proves. |
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+Bonnie Honig 93, Nancy Duke Lewis Professor in the departments of Modern Culture and Media (MCM) and Political Science at Brown, 4-15-1993, "Political Theory And The Displacement Of Politics," Cornell University Press. |
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+The perpetuity of … theory of politics |
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+Analytics |
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+The framework requires proactive political actions to solve: sitting back and doing nothing only allows for greater violence. Hagglund Martin. 2006. “The Necessity of Discrimination: Disjoining Derrida and Levinas.” diacritics 34 (1): 40–71.: |
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+Deconstruction cannot teach …… peace is desirable. |
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+analytics |