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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,35 @@ 1 +The role of the judge is to vote for the debater who provides the strategy most conducive to the process of becoming an ethical subject. 2 +The self only forms in relation to the Other and the norms that govern our recognition of one another. 3 +Butler 1 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 4 +In all the…of its use. 5 +Dependence on the Other means self-understanding is always interrupted and must be reformed through the narratives we give ourselves—other ethical theories erase this fundamental incompleteness of the subject. 6 +Butler 2 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 7 +In a sense…it is true. 8 +Analytic 9 +We become responsible when we suspend judgments for the other and instead work toward self-knowledge. 10 +Butler 3 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 11 +So, according to…responsibility first emerges. 12 +Since value is grounded in social norms, certain lives are recognized as grievable and thus valuable. However, other lives are cast aside by social structures and rendered ungrievable. 13 +Butler 4 Butler, Judith. “Frames of War.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2009. 14 +Conditions have to…its material effects. 15 +Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who provides the best method to recognize the grievability of life. 16 +Additionally prefer because: 17 +1) Agency is intersubjective—analytics 18 +2) Side constraint—only way to account for each agent’s moral significance. 19 +Butler 5 Judith Butler. Frames of War. Verso Press: New York, 2009. 20 +The epistemological capacity…recognized as lives. 21 +Analytics 22 +I affirm that countries ought to ban the production of nuclear power. I place a demand on the state to recognize lives that are currently deemed ungrievable as worthy of recognition. 23 +First, government officials in charge of nuclear power have structurally ignored the precarity of disenfranchised populations. Gamson 24 +Gamson, William A. Talking Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1992. Print 25 +The most prominent … utterances as well. 26 +Analytic 27 +Second, cultural stigma erases the violence imposed on individuals exposed to radiation. Cousins et al. 28 +Cousins, Elicia, et al. "Nuclear Power and Environmental Justice." Carleton College, Environmental Studies Comprehensive Project Northfield, MN, USA 29 +https://apps.carleton.edu/curricular/ents/assets/Cousins_Karban_Li_Zapanta.pdf 30 +Another form of …explained after Chernobyl, 31 +Third, nuclear power is dehumanizing. Johansen 32 +A GLOBAL HUMANIST CRITIQUE OF NATIONAL POLICIES FOR ARMS CONTROL Author(s): Robert C. Johansen Source: Journal of International Affairs , Vol. 31, No. 2, The Future World Order (FALL/WINTER 1977), pp. 215-241 Published by: Journal of International Affairs Editorial Board Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/24367746 33 +Disarmament is also … arms control policies? 34 +Analytic 35 +Underview~-~-analytic - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,76 @@ 1 +AC 2 +Part 1 is Framework 3 +All cards are bracketed for ableist, sexist, or otherwise offensive language 4 +The role of the ballot is to vote for the policy option that best combats gender violence. Fighting gender-based oppression requires concrete actions – only positive solutions are acceptable. Nicholson 89 5 + 6 +Nicholson, Carol. "Postmodernism, feminism, and education: The need for solidarity." Educational Theory 39.3 (1989): 197-205. 7 + 8 +Most feminists are 9 +AND 10 + and our civilization 11 + 12 +Evaluate probability first 13 +And standpoint epistemology is the best starting point for moral decisions – other methods exclude some viewpoints, which makes true analysis of reality impossible. Mills 5 14 +Charles Mills, “Ideal Theory” as Ideology, 2005. 15 +The crucial common 16 +AND 17 +male-dominated philosophical literature. 18 + 19 +Our method must start with specific injustices: this doesn't mean abandoning systematic critique but acknowledging its epistemic limits - you should be skeptical of the explanatory power of broad metanarratives and their ability to solve in specific instances. Pappas ’16 Gregory Fernando Pappas 16 Professor @ Texas AandM, works within the American Pragmatist and Latin American traditions in ethics and social-political philosophy “The Pragmatists’ Approach to Injustice”, The Pluralist Volume 11, Number 1, Spring 2016 20 +Making problematic situations 21 +AND 22 +by concrete situation.24 23 +The aff’s focus on concrete discussion should come before discursive strategies. 24 +Part 2 is Harms 25 +Police officer’s negligence due to lack of accountability perpetuates the existence of IPV. Gray 11 Lela Gray, J.D. Candidate, Albany Law School, 2011; B.A., University of South Florida, 2007. “Municipal Accountability in Domestic Violence: A Promising New Case,” http://www.albanygovernmentlawreview.org/Articles/Vol04_1/4.1.362-Gray.pdf 26 +In this paper 27 +AND 28 + cure this problem. 29 +The qualified immunity doctrine allows police to claim laws are not clearly established as a way to justify lack of action in cases of IPV. Harper 30 +Laura S. Harper, Battered Women Suing Police for Failure to Intervene: Viable Legal Avenues After Deshaney v. Winnibago County Department of Social Services , 75 Cornell L. Rev. 1392 (1990) 31 +Should a battered 32 +AND 33 +their constitutional rights. 34 +Plan Text: Resolved: The United States Federal Government ought to prohibit qualified immunity for police officers in IPV cases. Lichtman 35 +Litchman, Kathryn E. "Punishing the protectors: The Illinois domestic violence act remedy for victims of domestic violence against police misconduct." Loy. U. Chi. LJ 38 (2006): 765. 36 +Traditionally, municipal entities 37 +AND 38 +other states provide.27 39 + 40 + 41 +Part 3 is Solvency 42 + 43 +First Accountability~-~- 44 +A lack of accountability for police officers empowers perpetrators and prevents the enforcement of IPV laws. Exceptions don’t solve. The aff is a stance that places the state on the side of IPV survivors. Gray 2 45 +However, both the 46 +AND 47 +on a page. 48 +Lawsuits are uniquely key to revealing the truth behind constitutional rights violations. 49 +Schwartz 11 Schwartz, Joanna C. is a Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. She teaches Civil Procedure, the Civil Rights Litigation Clinic, and a variety of courses on police accountability and public interest lawyering. In 2015, she received UCLA’s Distinguished Teaching Award. She is a graduate of Brown University and Yale Law School "What Police Learn from Lawsuits." Cardozo L. Rev. 33 (2011): 841. http://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/default/files/event/265497/media/slspublic/What_Police_Learn_From_Lawsuits.pdf NN 50 +The most “glaring 51 +AND 52 + revealed in litigation. 53 + 54 +Higher aggregate of lawsuits means departments can identify trends – Key to effective policy 55 +Schwartz 2 Schwartz, Joanna C. is a Professor of Law at UCLA School of Law. She teaches Civil Procedure, the Civil Rights Litigation Clinic, and a variety of courses on police accountability and public interest lawyering. In 2015, she received UCLA’s Distinguished Teaching Award. She is a graduate of Brown University and Yale Law School "What Police Learn from Lawsuits." Cardozo L. Rev. 33 (2011): 841. http://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/default/files/event/265497/media/slspublic/What_Police_Learn_From_Lawsuits.pdf NN 56 +By reviewing lawsuits 57 +AND 58 +disappeared as a problem.”71 59 +Civil lawsuits put pressure on police departments for personnel changes—cops are deterred by threat of losing their job 60 +Rosario 16 61 +Ruben Rosario. When Cops kill, civil lawsuits are often a way justice is served. Twin Cities pioneer press. From smoking crack in a Harlem drug den for a front-page exposé to covering the deaths of 86 people in a Bronx social club fire, Rubén Rosario spent 11 years as a writer for the New York Daily News before joining the Pioneer Press in 1991 as special correspondent and city editor. He launched his award-winning column in 1997. He is by far the loudest writer in the newsroom over the phone. July 16, 2016. http://www.twincities.com/2016/07/16/rosario-when-cops-kill-civil-lawsuits-often-are-way-justice-is-served/. 62 +“Civil suits can 63 +AND 64 +cease to exist. 65 + 66 +Second dignity~-~-The legal system is key to provide protection for survivors of IPV. Bishop 67 +Bishop, Gary M. "Section 1983 and Domestic Violence: A Solution to the Problem of Police Officers' Inaction." BCL Rev. 30 (1988): 1357. 68 +Violence against women 69 +AND 70 +the passive officer. 71 +And, IPV prevents any sort of larger social movement – control over a person’s identity fractures the potential for collective resistance. O’Doherty 15 72 +O’Doherty, Lorna Jane Ph.D. in Applied Psychology, Coventry University, et al. "Fractured Identity in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence Barriers to and Opportunities for Seeking Help in Health Settings." Violence against women (2015). 73 + 74 +IPV produces fear 75 +AND 76 +pathways to safety. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,40 @@ 1 +The role of the judge is to vote for the debater who provides the strategy most conducive to the process of becoming an ethical subject. 2 +The self only forms in relation to the Other and the norms that govern our recognition of one another. 3 +Butler 1 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 4 +In all the…of its use. 5 +Dependence on the Other means self-understanding is always interrupted and must be reformed through the narratives we give ourselves—other ethical theories erase this fundamental incompleteness of the subject. 6 +Butler 2 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 7 +In a sense…it is true. 8 +Analytic 9 +We become responsible when we suspend judgments for the other and instead work toward self-knowledge. 10 +Butler 3 Butler, Judith. “Giving an Account of Oneself.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2003. 11 +So, according to…responsibility first emerges. 12 +Since value is grounded in social norms, certain lives are recognized as grievable and thus valuable. However, other lives are cast aside by social structures and rendered ungrievable. 13 +Butler 4 Butler, Judith. “Frames of War.” Verso Press, Berkley University. 2009. 14 +Conditions have to…its material effects. 15 +Thus the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who provides the best method to recognize the grievability of life. 16 +Additionally prefer because: 17 +1) Agency is intersubjective—analytics 18 +2) Side constraint—only way to account for each agent’s moral significance. 19 +Butler 5 Judith Butler. Frames of War. Verso Press: New York, 2009. 20 +The epistemological capacity…recognized as lives. 21 +Analytics 22 + 23 +I’ll defend that the United States will limit qualified immunity for police officers. I will accept neg preferences on specificity and implementation as long as they don’t require me to abandon the general statement. If I lose the T debate, just reevaluate my offense under their interpretation to promote topical education and deter frivolous theory. 24 + 25 +First, individuals have a right to redress and be proactively recognized by the state independent of whether we ought to hold the police officers accountable. Darwall 11 26 +Darwall, Stephen, and Julian Darwall. "Civil Recourse as Mutual Accountability." Fla. St. UL Rev. 39 (2011): 17. 27 +Goldberg and Zipursky 28 +AND 29 +performing certain acts. 30 +Analytic 31 +Second, the importance of a federal ruling lies in generating a national debate about current police practices – this mobilizes the public into identifying further reforms that helps more populations than the aff itself 32 +Charney et al. ’10 September 29, 2010. Darius Charney was the lead counsel of Floyd v. City of New York. Jesus Gonzalez is a a Community Organizer with Make the Road New York. David Kennedy is a professor specializing in crime prevention, developed the Operation Ceasefire group violence intervention in Boston, MA and the High Point Model drug market intervention in High Point, NC. Noel Leader is a former member of the NYPD and founder of 100 Blacks In Law Enforcement Who Care. Robert Perry is legislative director and is principal lobbyist of the New York Civil Liberties Union. “SUSPECT FITS DESCRIPTION: RESPONSES TO RACIAL PROFILING IN NEW YORK CITY” Panel Discussion. 14 N.Y. City L. Rev. 57. Lexis.\\IS 33 +ROBERT PERRY: Let me suggest 34 +AND 35 +be my response. 36 +Analytic 37 + 38 + 39 +Analytic 40 +Underview~-~-analytic - EntryDate
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