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Interpretation - The affirmative may only garner offense from hypothetical enactment of the resolution. |
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-====CP Text: Vote negative to make their act of civil disobedience more effective.==== |
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-====A) By participating in this tournament while knowingly rejecting the resolution, an agreed upon norm, our opponents are acting as civil disobedients. Though they have the right to challenge rules they believe to be unjust, their request for the ballot is contradictory to the goals of their resistance.==== |
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-A.D. Woozley 76 (Professor of Moral Philosophy at University of Virginia, "Civil Disobedience and Punishment," Ethics, Vol. 86, No. 4. (Jul., 1976), pp. 323-331, accessed via JSTOR) |
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-The civil disobedient stands to gain nothing for himself (as the ordinary criminal does |
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-those for whom it is rightly claimed, to demand it for themselves. |
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-====B) If you do believe their stance is sincere and/or you agree with it, you should reward their civil disobedience with a loss. Punishment is key to enlisting the sympathy of the majority and ensuring the movement succeeds.==== |
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-Cohen 72 – Marshall, University Professor, Emeritus, Professor of Philosophy and Law, Emeritus, and Dean, Emeritus, College of Letters, Arts and Sciences at USC ~~"Liberalism and Disobedience," Philosophy and Public Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 3. (Spring, 1972), pp. 283-314, http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/2265054.pdf~~ |
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-It is for this reason that the civil disobedient characteristically notifies government officials of the |
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-at stake, and this is the first objective of the civil disobedient. |
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-====Labelling the ballot as a tool for social change/resistance ~~to oppression~~ turns coalition creation via competitive backlash in the context of competitive debate==== |
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-Bankey 13 (BRENDON BANKEY – A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Communication August 2013 – Bankey holds an BA from Trinity and now holds an MA from Wake Forest. This thesis was approved by: Michael J. Hyde, Ph.D., Advisor; Mary M. Dalton, Ph.D., Chair; R. Jarrod Atchison, Ph.D. THE "FACT OF BLACKNESS" DOES NOT EXIST: AN EVOCATIVE CRITICISM OF RESISTANCE RHETORIC IN ACADEMIC POLICY DEBATE AND ITS (MIS)USE OF FRANTZ FANON'S BLACK SKIN, WHITE MASKS – From Chapter Two – footnoting Atchison and Panetta and consistent with Bankey's defense of an aspect of their position – http://wakespace.lib.wfu.edu/bitstream/handle/10339/39020/Bankey_wfu_0248M_10473.pdf) |
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-Atchison and Panetta 's concern with the "debate as activism" approach highlights the |
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-within the community. Creating change through wins generates backlash through losses. 25 |
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-====Voting aff is ultimately a simulation of real change —- it produces change no more than voting negative for the same justifications does but their claim that it creates some sort of tangible difference positions the judge as an agent of counterfeit reform and pseudo-progress==== |
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-WILLIAMS 2k (Christopher R. Williams, PhD, forensic psychology, professor and chairman of the Department of Criminal Justice Studies at Bradley University, Bruce A. Arrigo, PhD, administration of justice, professor of criminology, law, and society, Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology at the University of North Carolina, Faculty Associate in the Center for Professional and Applied Ethics, "The (Im)Possibility of Democratic Justice and the 'Gift' of the Majority," Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, Vol. 16, No. 3, August 2000, pgs. 321-343) |
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-The impediments to establishing democratic justice in contemporary American society have caused a national paralysis |
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-. This will improve the efficacy of her message being heard and respected. |