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-====The 1AC misidentifies the problem. Limitations of free speech in colleges are ideologically grounded in safety. The ambiguity of "safety" allows the state to twists its limits of power. ==== |
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-**Rampell**, Catherine. "The Newest Excuse for Shutting down Campus Speech: 'Security'" The Washington Post. WP Company, 19 Sept. 2016. Web. 13 Dec. 2016. ED |
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-Around the country, colleges have found a new excuse for shutting down free speech |
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-Creates regimes where breaking laws is ok in the name of safety. |
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-====Your use of the state causes us to devolve to bare life. ==== |
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-Agamben 2K (Giorgio, prof of phil @ the College International de Philosophie in Paris, Means Without End: Notes on Politics, p 5-6) ED |
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-Thus, life originally appears in law only as the counterpart of a power that |
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-turned into the exception and included in the city is always naked life. |
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-====Your conception of rights is just something the biopolitical regime uses to manage its subjects. ==== |
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-Agamben 98 (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at university of Verona, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, pg. 126-128) ED |
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-Hannah Arendt entitled the fifth chapter of her book on imperialism, which is dedicated |
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-(to be born)—thus closes the open circle of man's birth. |
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-====Every action that participates in the political process is one that creates an exception and results in biopolitical control.==== |
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-**Agamben** 98 (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at the University of Verona, Homo Sacer, pg. 8-9) |
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-The protagonist of this book is bare life, that is, the life of |
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-the bare life of the citizen, the new biopolitical body of humanity. |
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-====By its very existence, law can be suspended by the sovereign, who is outside the law – it is impossible for even the strictest of laws to restrict sovereign power==== |
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-**Agamben 98 **~~(Giorgio, prof of philosophy at univ of Verona) "HOMO SACER: Sovereign Power and Bare Life" available online. All parantheses except those modifying gendered language in original. *we don't endorse gendered language~~ AT |
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-Juridical = relating to the administration of law |
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-1.1 The paradox of |
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-positive law define the normal case as the realm of its own validity. |
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-====The 1ACs conceptions of political discourse are militarized by the police state to create a permanent state of emergency. ==== |
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-**McLoughlin 12 ~~Daniel McLoughlin is a doctoral candidate in Philosophy at the University of New South Wales, working on the political philosophy of Giorgio Agamben. "Giorgio Agamben on Security, Government and the Crisis of Law", Griffith Law Review, Volume 21, Issue 3, 2012, msm~~**One of the decisive effects of total war, according to Junger, was the tendency to demolish the difference between war and peace – or, in Agamben's terms, between the emergency and normal conditions. Similarly, Agamben argues that we are currently faced with |
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-perpetuate prevailing forms of life and close down the possibility of the alternatives emerging. |
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-====Timeframe based try or die calculations justify consolidation of power and radical, unprecented violence==== |
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-Vivian 13 (Bradford – Professor of Communication and Rhetorical Studies at Syracuse University, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University, "Times of Violence," Published in the Quarterly Journal of Speech, Volume 99, Issue 2, 2013, pg. 1, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00335630.2013.775704?journalCode=rqjs20~~#.VGaEkvnF90o) |
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-The ways that authoritative institutions invoke and order time as a means of consolidating and |
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-national borders by citing as justification allegedly temporary episodes of state emergency.3 |
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-====The state of exception destroys value to life. Extinction doesn't matter if there is no value to the lives lost.==== |
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-**Agamben** 98 (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at university of Verona, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, pg. 139-140) ED |
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-3.3.It is not our intention here to take a position on |
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-category. It now dwells in the biological body of every living being. |
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-====Controls the internal link to war and violence. ==== |
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-Dillon and Reid 2001 (Michael and Julian, Michael Dillon is Professor of Politics in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Lancaster and Julian Reid is a Doctoral Student in the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Lancaster , Global Liberal Governance: Biopolitics, Security, and War, 2001Millennium - Journal of International Studies, pp.39-40) ED |
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-For capitalist society biopolitics is what is most important, the biological, the somatic |
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-addition, a further way in which we seek to extend Foucault's project. |
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-====Biopower is the root cause of racism ==== |
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-**Mbembe** Research Professor Institute of Social and Economic Research University of Witwatersrand 2008 Achille Foucault in an Age of Terror ed Morton and Bygrave page 156-157 |
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-In Foucault's formulation, biopower appears to function through dividing people into those who must |
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-he says, 'the condition for the acceptability of putting to death'.20 |
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-====The ROB is to challenge sovereign representations. This is key to preventing violence. ==== |
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-**Agamben** 2K (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at the College International de Philosophie in Paris, Means Without End: Notes on Politics, p. 93-95) ED |
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-Exposition is the location of politics. If there is no animal politics, that |
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-media, while a new class of bureaucrats jealously watches over its management. |
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-====AND, Discursive autonomy is a prior question. Complacency in language render us unintelligible. |
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-Agamben 2K (Giorgio, professor of philosophy at the College International de Philosophie in Paris, Means Without End: Notes on Politics, p. 95-97) ED |
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-==== |
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-If what human beings had to communicate to each other were always |
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-exposition of the visage in all its nudity, it is a victory over character—it is word. |
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-====Vote negative to endorse the state of whatever being in resistance to sovereign power. Whatever being is the only way to solve. Working within the law only furthers sovereign control of life. Solves case because whateverbeing means that nothing can be distinguished which prevents the state from unequally applying the law and stripping us away to bare life. ==== |
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-Caldwell 4 (Anne, Asst Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville, Theory and Event, 7.2//shree) |
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-Can we imagine another form of humanity, and another form of power? The |
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-calls up and depends upon the life caught within sovereignty: homo sacer. |