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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,23 @@ 1 +Qualified immunity protects police officers from civil damages, not criminal liability. 2 +Rudovsky, David. (One of the nation’s leading civil rights and criminal defense attorneys, practices public interest law with the firm of Kairys, Rudovsky, Messing and Feinberg. He became a Senior Fellow at Penn Law in 1988 and teaches courses in Criminal Law, Constitutional Criminal Procedure and Evidence) "The Qualified Immunity Doctrine In The Supreme Court: Judicial Activism And The Restriction Of Constitutional Rights". University of Pennsylvania Law Review 138.1 (1989): 23. Web. 3 +This Article examines the doctrine... immunity protects officials against damages. 4 + 5 +Cops disproportionately kill, target, and abuse African Americans. Criminal liability isn’t holding them responsible. 6 +Laughland, Oliver, and Jon Swaine. "Number of People Killed by US Police in 2015 at 1,000 after Oakland Shooting." Theguardian. N.p., 16 Nov. 2015. Web. 13 Dec. 2015. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/nov/16/the-counted-killed-by-police-1000. 7 +Police in the United States... likely to have been unarmed. 8 + 9 +Reparations can’t bring back lost lives. Movements towards reparations are liberal schemes which re-inscribe the power of law – they don’t solve anything and disavow systems of Anti-Black domination. 10 +Saidiya V. Hartman, summer 2003, professor @ Columbia, “The Position of the Unthought,” http://processedlives.wordpress.com/2013/07/03/freedom-coloniality-and-the-fact-of-blackness/ **the part of this article that has been cut is a quote from Hartman, the article itself is written by someone else 11 +The reparations movement puts itself... the histories of Indonesian peoples. 12 + 13 +Reparations re-entrench racism through white-saviorism. 14 +Neptune, Harvey (2008) "Loving Through Loss: Reading Saidiya Hartman’s History of Black Hurt," Anthurium: A Caribbean Studies Journal: Vol. 6: Iss. 1, Article 6. 15 +Lose Your Mother is a... and ran away for them. 16 + 17 +Police officers have almost limitless power and people fear for their lives. This power allows for unchecked violence against the black body. Cops are currently “liable” for criminal charges, but this doesn’t do anything to stop them. 18 +Martinez, Michael and Jethro Mullen. “Victims describe assaults by convicted ex-Oklahoma City cop Daniel Holtzclaw”. CNN. December 11, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/12/11/us/oklahoma-daniel-holtzclaw-verdict/ Accessed December 17, 2015. 19 +(CNN)One of the women assaulted... whether justice had been done. 20 + 21 +The alternative is to reject the whitewashing that assumes a violence-free life and state protectionism; instead, kill cops before they kill you. There two options: either submit to authority and be killed by police or kill the cop in self-defense. 22 +ROSE, LARKEN. “When Should You Shoot A Cop”. Cop Block. June 28, 2011. http://www.copblock.org/5475/when-should-you-shoot-a-cop/ 23 +Pick any example of abuse... than not throughout human history. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,23 @@ 1 +Women’s underrepresentation in the political sphere traps us in an institution where our voices are constantly silenced by abuses of patriarchal power. We are made prisoners of this structure when the public sphere attempts to mask the violence of engagement with the veil of neutrality. Barri 5, 2 +Farzana Bari. Women’s Political Participation: Issues and Challenges. United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW) Expert Group Meeting Enhancing Participation of Women in Development through an Enabling Environment for Achieving Gender Equality and the Advancement of Women. Bangkok, Thailand, 8-11 November 2005-10-29 http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/egm/enabling-environment2005/docs/EGM-WPD-EE-2005-EP.122020draft20F.pdf AS 3 +Women constitute slightly more than... political space for women within." 4 + 5 +The dominance of men in the political sphere scorns the presence of personal “feelings” and “relationships” in politics, which are typically viewed as feminine. These male preferences further isolate women from politics. Knight 16, 6 +Knight, Saskia. "Peace And Conflict Monitor, Is Diplomacy Gendered? A Feminist Analysis". Monitor.upeace.org. N.p., 2013. Web. 15 July 2016. AS 7 +Diplomacy is an important arena... on their merits and qualifications. 8 + 9 +This universal violence against women is exemplified in the patriarchy where men assert their need for control and dominance through ontological abuse and rape of women, despite their differences and unique struggles in race, class, ethnicity, religion, ability, and sexual orientation. In the pursuit of economic or diplomatic interests, men wage war over physical territory, ignoring the war on the female body. Ray 97, 10 +A. E. Ray “The Shame of it: gender-based terrorism in the former Yugoslavia and the failure of international human rights law to comprehend the injuries.” The American University Law Review. Vol 46. AS 11 +In order to reach all... the bodies of the women used. 12 + 13 +The alt is to reject traditional epistemology and adopt a feminist epistemology of theoretical knowledge – this is key to reveal sexist practices and create political equality of all persons. Anderson 2 14 +Anderson, Elizabeth. Elizabeth S. Anderson, is Arthur F. Thurnau Professor and John Dewey Distinguished University Professor of Philosophy and Women's Studies at the University of Michigan, "Feminist Epistemology: An Interpretation and a Defense”." Knowledge and Inquiry: readings in epistemology (2002): 52-53) AS 15 +Feminist epistemology is about the... epistemology that employs these notions. 16 + 17 +We must think differently about the concepts of gender, violence, security and the international by investigating how these concepts are (re)presented and (re)produced in a particular discursive context. The alternative changes the ways in which identity is articulated. Shepherd 7 18 +(Laura J. Shepherd, 2007, “‘Victims, Perpetrators and Actors’ Revisited:1 Exploring the Potential for a Feminist Reconceptualisation of (International) Security and (Gender) Violence”, Political Studies Association) AS 19 +In this article, I explore... configurations of social/political reality. 20 + 21 +Discursive representations are what give meaning to politics. Without our constructions of power and the determination of the value of political relationships, actions have little meaning. The actions in the physical world exist but deprived of the discursive representations behind them, they have no implications. Doty 96 22 +Doty, Assistant professor of political science at Arizona state university, 1996. Roxanne Iynn, Imperial Encounters, p. 5-61. AS 23 +This study begins with the...political, military, and economic power. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,17 @@ 1 +A) Interpretation: Affirmative debaters must disclose affirmative positions they have already broken within 10 minutes of a round posting. 2 +A) Interpretation: Affirmative debaters must disclose affirmative positions within 10 minutes of a round posting or withing 10 minutes of the previous round ending. 3 + 4 +B) Violation: 5 + 6 +C) Standards: 7 +a. Clash 8 +b. Argumentative integrity 9 +c. Pre-round prep 10 +d. Research 11 +Jacob Nails (Debate Coach, Sacred Heart HS). “A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third-Party Disclosure).” NSDUpdate. October 10th, 2013. 12 +e. Accessibility 13 +Jacob Nails (Debate Coach, Sacred Heart HS). “A Defense of Disclosure (Including Third-Party Disclosure).” NSDUpdate. October 10th, 2013. 14 + 15 +D) Voters: 16 +a. Education 17 +b. Fairness - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,40 @@ 1 +Focusing on punishing individual police officers does nothing to solve for the legal system, the root cause of the violence of the aff. 2 +Leonard Feldman, “Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity” LADI 2015 3 +On the same day the... that relied on “experimentalist regulation.” 4 + 5 +Police violence is part of a larger problem that is perpetuated and obscured by the legal system. 6 +Leonard Feldman, “Police Violence and the Legal Temporalities of Immunity.” 2015 7 +Less attention has been paid... violence in the first place. 8 + 9 +The law is arbitrary and the root cause of police violence - the rule of law is a ruse of solvency for the aff. 10 +Simon Behrman, “Police Killings and the Law.” International Socialism, January 4, 2011 11 +Ever since the late 1970s 12 + 13 +The Constitution’s models of equality are flawed: its equal protection text is standardized into limits that only serve to homogenize oppressed groups – turns case. 14 +Balkin 97 Knight Professor of Constitutional Law and the First Amendment at Yale Law School (Jack, "Agreements with Hell and Other Objects of Our Faith; 1/97; digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1262andcontext=fss_papers, issue 65, pg 1728) 15 +There are many examples of... the constitutional discourse of fidelity. 16 + 17 +Police officers have almost limitless power and people fear for their lives. This power allows for unchecked violence against the black body. Cops are currently “liable” for criminal charges, but this doesn’t do anything to stop them. 18 +Martinez, Michael and Jethro Mullen. “Victims describe assaults by convicted ex-Oklahoma City cop Daniel Holtzclaw”. CNN. December 11, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/12/11/us/oklahoma-daniel-holtzclaw-verdict/ Accessed December 17, 2015. 19 +“(CNN)One of the women assaulted... whether justice had been done.” 20 + 21 +Laws are influenced by normative beliefs in society. Adherence to legal structures perpetuates societal norms of persecution and discrimination. 22 +Crawford 2 – Professor of Political Science at Boston University (Neta, Argument and Change in World Politics, p. 90-91) 23 +Despite the existence of meta-normative... the perpetuation of those policies. 24 + 25 +The alternative is to reject the whitewashing that assumes a violence-free life and state protectionism; instead, kill cops before they kill you. 26 +Rose, LARKEN. “When Should You Shoot A Cop”. Cop Block. June 28, 2011. http://www.copblock.org/5475/when-should-you-shoot-a-cop/ 27 +Pick any example of abuse... than not throughout human history. 28 + 29 +Fiat is illusory – The resolution will never happen, and a plan will never get passed. This means only our representations matter in this round. The alternative is a discursive challenge to our relationship with the law and law enforcement. 30 + 31 +Without our constructions of power and the determination of the value of political relationships, actions have little meaning. The actions in the physical world exist but deprived of the discursive representations behind them, they have no implications. 32 +Doty, assistant professor of political science at Arizona state university, 1996 roxanne Iynn, imperial encounters, p. 5-61 33 +This study begins with the...political, military, and economic power. 34 + 35 +An analysis of policymaking that proceeds from the state cannot provide the resources to articulate a capacity for human agency – this means the legal system can never solve. 36 +Bleiker 00 (Ph.D. visiting research and teaching affiliations at Harvard, Cambridge, Humboldt, Tampere, Yonsei and Pusan National University as well as the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and... work in the global scene'. 37 + 38 +Empirically, policymaking can't solve violence. 39 +Bleiker 1 (Roland, prof of International Relations @ U of Queensland, Brisbane, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 30(3), p. 509-510) 40 +Those who make the analysis... they can label a finding’. - EntryDate
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