Summary

• Objects (1 modified, 1 added, 0 removed)
  • Caselist.CitesClass[0]
  • Caselist.CitesClass[1]

Details

Caselist.CitesClass[0]

EntryDate

...	...	@@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
1		-2016-09-11 04:12:29.539
	1	+2016-09-11 04:12:29.0

Caselist.CitesClass[1]

Cites

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,9 @@
	1	+Nuclear power is key to solve warming~-~-it's the only possible option that can meet demand in time to avoid warming
	2	+Biello 13 David Biello, Associate editor at Scientific American, "How Nuclear Power Can Stop Global Warming ," Scientific American, 12/12, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-nuclear-power-can-stop-global-warming/
	3	+In addition to reducing the risk of nuclear war, U.S. reactors have also been staveing off another global challenge: climate change. The low-carbon electricity produced by such reactors provides 20 percent of the nation's power and, by the estimates of climate scientist James Hansen of Columbia University, avoided 64 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas pollution. They also avoided spewing soot and other air pollution like coal-fired power plants do and thus have saved some 1.8 million lives. And that's why Hansen, among others, such as former Secretary of Energy Steven Chu, thinks that nuclear power is a key energy technology to fend off catastrophic climate change. "We can't burn all these fossil fuels," Hansen told a group of reporters on December 3, noting that as long as fossil fuels are the cheapest energy source they will continue to be burned. "Coal is almost half the global emissions. If you replace these power plants with modern, safe nuclear reactors you could do a lot of pollution reduction quickly." Indeed, he has evidence: the speediest drop in greenhouse gas pollution on record occurred in France in the 1970s and ‘80s, when that country transitioned from burning fossil fuels to nuclear fission for electricity, lowering its greenhouse emissions by roughly 2 percent per year. The world needs to drop its global warming pollution by 6 percent annually to avoid "dangerous" climate change in the estimation of Hansen and his co-authors in a recent paper in PLoS One. "On a global scale, it's hard to see how we could conceivably accomplish this without nuclear," added economist and co-author Jeffrey Sachs, director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, where Hansen works.
	4	+Climate change sucks and Nuclear power is key- low carbons.
	5	+IAEA 2 International Atomic Energy Agency “CLIMATE CHANGE AND NUCLEAR POWER 2015” Vienna Austria 2015
	6	+The contribution of WG II to the IPCC’s AR5 8 assesses the patterns of risks and potential benefits resulting from the above changes in the climate system. The key risks include: death, injury, ill health and disrupted livelihoods in low lying coastal zones and small islands due to storm surges, coastal flooding and sea level rise, and for large urban populations due to inland flooding in some regions; extreme weather events leading to breakdown of infrastructure networks and critical services such as electricity, water supply, and health and emergency services; mortality and morbidity during periods of extreme heat; food insecurity and the breakdown of food systems caused by warming, drought, flooding, and precipitation variability and extremes; loss of rural livelihoods and income due to insufficient access to drinking and irrigation water and reduced agricultural productivity; and loss of terrestrial, marine and coastal ecosystems, biodiversity, and ecosystem goods, functions and services. These key risks create particular challenges for the least developed countries and vulnerable communities owing to their limited ability to adapt. In order to reduce the potentially severe risks of climate change, Parties to the UNFCCC adopted the Copenhagen Accord at the COP 15 held in 2009, recognizing “the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees Celsius” (Ref. 9, p. 1). This means that global GHG emissions will need to peak in the next few years and then be reduced at an accelerating rate. Nuclear power and other low carbon technologies will be fundamental in putting the world on this ambitious mitigation pathway. Considering the fast increasing GHG emissions in recent decades and the emissions pathways underlying the RCPs, the world faces an enormous mitigation challenge over the next decades in order to follow RCP2.6. The latest report of the IPCC WG III 10 concludes that mitigation scenarios consistent with the Copenhagen Accord (reaching GHG concentrations around 450 ppm CO2-eq by 2100) involve large scale reductions of CO2 emissions from the energy supply sector in order to reach a level of 90 or more below 2010 emissions between 2040 and 2070, declining to below zero thereafter. These scenarios also feature efficiency improvements and behavioural changes to reduce energy demand in the transport, buildings and industry sectors and thereby provide more flexibility for reducing carbon intensity in the energy supply sector and avoid lock‐in to carbon intensive infrastructures. Nevertheless, low carbon energy technologies such as nuclear power will play a decisive role in reducing the carbon intensity of global energy supply and addressing the climate change challenge.
	7	+Natives will be the first to be hit by climate change since they’re so tied to the environment. This also multiplies all other impacts.
	8	+United Nations 07 “Climate change and indigenous peoples” http://www.un.org/en/events/indigenousday/pdf/Backgrounder_ClimateChange_FINAL.pdf
	9	+ The effects of climate change on indigenous peoples Indigenous peoples are among the first to face the direct consequences of climate change, owing to their dependence upon, and close relationship with the environment and its resources. Climate change exacerbates the difficulties already faced by vulnerable indigenous communities, including political and economic marginalization, loss of land and resources, human rights violations, discrimination and unemployment. Examples include: • In the high altitude regions of the Himalayas, glacial melts affecting hundreds of millions of rural dwellers who depend on the seasonal flow of water is resulting in more water in the short term, but less in the long run as glaciers and snow cover shrink. • In the Amazon, the effects of climate change include deforestation and forest fragmentation, and consequently, more carbon released into the atmosphere exacerbating and creating further changes. Droughts in 2005 resulted in fires in the western Amazon region. This is likely to occur again as rainforest is replaced by savannas, thus having a huge affect on the livelihoods of the indigenous peoples in the region. • Indigenous peoples in the Arctic region depend on hunting for polar bears, walrus, seals and caribou, herding reindeer, fishing and gathering, not only for food to support the local economy, but also as the basis for their cultural and social identity. Some of the concerns facing indigenous peoples there include the change in species and availability of traditional food sources, perceived reduction in weather predictions and the safety of traveling in changing ice and weather conditions, posing serious challenges to human health and food security. • In Finland, Norway and Sweden, rain and mild weather during the winter season often prevents reindeer from accessing lichen, which is a vital food source. This has caused massive loss of reindeer, which are vital to the culture, subsistence and economy of Saami communities. Reindeer herders must, as a result, feed their herds with fodder, which is expensive and not economically viable in the long term. • Rising temperatures, dune expansion, increased wind speeds, and loss of vegetation are negatively impacting traditional cattle and goat farming practices of indigenous peoples in Africa’s Kalahari Basin, who must now live around government-drilled bores in order to access water and depend on government support for their survival.

EntryDate

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+2016-09-11 04:12:30.26

Judge

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+Michael OKrent

Opponent

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+Brentwood ELi

ParentRound

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+0

Round

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+2

Team

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+Palos Verdes Gaur Neg

Title

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+SEPTOCT - DA - Warming

Tournament

...	...	@@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
	1	+Loyola