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+\The role of the ballot and how you vote is ‘Resisting Structural Violence against minority groups.’ Prefer – |
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+Certain groups are excluded from our moral sphere – so its critical we promote equality so that they can join the sphere and offer advice on other moral theories- that means before we can know if another moral position is good or not we first have to take in these perspectives Winter and Leighton 99 |
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+Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. "Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century." Pages 4-5. RB |
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+Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about |
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+AND |
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+local cultures, will be our most surefooted path to building lasting peace. |
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+ |
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+Plan |
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+Resolved: Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. |
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+Contention 1 is challenging hate speech |
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+Hate groups are growing at their highest rates ever—current restrictive speech codes prove ineffective. Heller 12/6 |
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+Heller 12/6 (Dave, staff @ NewsWorks, "Examining the rise in hate groups", http://www.newsworks.org/index.php/local/newsworks-tonight/99466-examining-the-rise-in-hate-groups)** |
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+More than 900 hate groups are operating around the U.S., including many |
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+AND |
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+, in particular, had a very real problem for quite a while." |
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+ |
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+Colleges can be uniquely key to fighting back echo chambers and toxic ideologies, but status quo censorship is ruining that —- students are becoming more extremist, less understanding, and convinced that they are at war with whatever doesn't fit our perception of normal regardless of whether thats ability race or gender based Lukianoff 15 |
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+Lukianoff 15 (Greg Lukianoff – attorney and CEO at the Foundation of Individual Rights in Education (FIRE); published in Wall Street Journal, LA Times, NY Times, Washington Post, and many others; has appeared on CBS Evening News, NBC’s Today Show, and many others,"How Colleges Create the ‘Expectation of Confirmation’", "Polarization and the Thickening Walls of Our Echo Chamber" – "Can College Help Break Down the Expectation of Confirmation?", July 8, 2015, http://www.soamcontest.com/content/how-colleges-create-expectation-confirmation) |
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+In his 2008 book, The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like- |
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+AND |
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+to the bold questioning and uncomfortable discussions that intellectual and societal innovation demands. |
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+ |
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+Freedom of expression allows extremist viewpoints to be challenged through debate, which demonstrates their flaws and de-motivates others from adopting them — speech restrictions only lead to hostility, divided communities, and push-back, which exacerbates racism and extremism. |
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+Lombardi 15 (Marco Lombardi – member of the Italian Team for Security, Terroristic Issues, and Managing Emergencies, which is a research department in the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Milan, "Countering Radicalisation and Violent Extremism Among Youth to Prevent Terrorism", https://books.google.com/books?id='kAoBgAAQBAJandpg=PA3andlpg=PA3anddq=preventing+free+discussion+leads+to+extremismandsource=blandots=TJ8fW6700zandsig=Lz4MWuGl6LkEYxy5RdXBDrCAxfUandhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiq56aDsvTQAhUS1GMKHRNUBC4Q6AEIXzAN~~#v=onepageandq=preventing20free20discussion20leads20to20extremismandf=false , pgs. 3- 4) |
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+First, we should carefully calibrate prevention activities and avoid catch-all, indiscriminate |
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+AND |
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+b) not engage in any more hateful behavior |
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+Contention 2 is terrorism |
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+ |
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+Currently, the biggest terrorist threat to the US is white supremacist lone wolves —- they kill more Americans than jihadists and show more desire to use WMDs |
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+Blair 14 (Charles P. Blair, Senior Fellow on State and Non-State Threats for the Federation of American Scientists who teaches classes on terrorism and WMD technology at John Hopkins University and George Mason University, "Looking clearly at right-wing terrorism," Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 9 June 2014, http://thebulletin.org/looking-clearly-right-wing-terrorism7232, *fc) |
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+Five years ago the US Department of Homeland Security’s Homeland Environment Threat Analysis Division released |
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+AND |
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+exaggerated, but neither should it be suppressed for political or ideological reasons. |
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+ |
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+Dispersion of technology enables lone wolf terrorists to access chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear weapons (CBURNs) – the impact will be mass casualties and unprecedented disruption of financial and social systems |
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+Ackerman and Pinson 14 ~Gary A. ,Director of the Special Projects Division at the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), University of Maryland, Lauren E., Senior Research/Project Manager at START and PhD student at Yale University, "An Army of One: Assessing CBRN Pursuit and Use by Lone Wolves and Autonomous Cells," Terrorism and Political Violence, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2014~ |
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+The first question to answer is whence the concerns about the nexus between CBRN weapons |
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+AND |
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+Contention 3 is minority movements that will increase equality and thus end hate crimes |
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+ |
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+Counter-speech works to combat hate speech and helps minority movements succeed—PROVEN TIME AND AGAIN. Davidson ‘16 |
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+The Freedom of Speech in Public Forums on College Campuses: A Single-Site Case Study on Pushing the Boundaries of the Freedom of Speech A Senior Project presented to The Faculty of the Journalism Department California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Journalism By Alexander Davidson June 2016 |
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+All experts agreed that negative speech creates awareness that surrounds a certain topic. They |
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+AND |
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+true since multiple independent processes can check back the flaws of the others. |
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+ |
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+Censoring or restricting speech is actively harmful – rules will be turned on minorities and students will be taught to rely on their oppressors for protection, which undermines empowerment. Censorship also turns offensive speakers into martyrs, increasing the effectiveness of their arguments, whereas counterspeech is empirically proven to counter hateful ideologies, the root cause of hate speech—my evidence is directly comparative. Calleros 95. |
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+Calleros 95 (Charles R. Calleros – Professor of Law at Arizona State University, "PATERNALISM, COUNTERSPEECH, AND CAMPUS HATE-SPEECH CODES: A REPLY TO DELGADO AND YUN", "II. Reply to the Authors’ Rejection of The Arguments of the Moderate Left", EmmieeM) |
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+To challenge them on their strongest ground, I will work within the analytic framework |
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+AND |
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+it sparked counterspeech and community action that strengthened the campus support for diversity. |