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1 -XWiki.barryrulesandrocks@gmailcom
1 +XWiki.ctaylorct2@gmailcom
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1 -=Police State 1AC=
1 +Part 1 is Framework:
2 2  
3 3  
4 -Part 1 is Framework
4 +The role of the ballot is to endorse the best positive strategy that challenges the dominant ideology of gender violence.
5 5  
6 6  
7 -American neoliberal society is contingent on a state of exception where undesirable citizens are made disposable in the name of consumption. The crimes of colonialism have come home and the sovereign protects itself through legal exception. We need change now! Giroux 14 bracketed clarity:
8 -~~Henry A. Giroux (American and Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy), "Neoliberalism and the Machinery of Disposability" April 8, 2014. Truthout. http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/22958-neoliberalism-and-the-machinery-of-disposability~~ SF
9 -Americans now live in a society in which almost everyone is spied on, considered
10 -AND
11 -the dead," who remain unaccounted for in numbers and law."~~2~~
7 +1. Discussing gender and sexism in the academic setting is a prior question. Keddie
8 +Martino and Mellor's work (1995), AND speaking and acting (Davies, 1997).
12 12  
13 13  
14 -Militarism dominates American logic through the cooption of educational spaces, we must reclaim education so students can begin to imagine radically. Thus, the role of the ballot, as an academic pedestal, and the standard, for my political method, is to vote for the best strategy for combatting militarism. Giroux 15:
15 -~~Henry A. Giroux (American and Canadian scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy), "Beyond Dystopian Visions in the Age of Neoliberal Authoritarianism", Truthout, 11/4/2015. http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/33511-beyond-dystopian-visions-in-the-age-of-neoliberal-authoritarianism~~ SF
16 -If neoliberal authoritarianism is to be challenged and overcome, it is crucial that intellectuals
17 -AND
18 -of the ballot's structuralist approach to politics is best, 3 independent warrants:
11 +2. Gender analysis is key to understanding other ethical theories. Amzat and Grandi:
12 +Feminism has more to AND for what, to whom (Walker 1998).
19 19  
20 20  
21 -A) Materialism
15 +3. No explanation is complete without gender analysis, excludes voices. Chessman 14:
16 +In 1988, J. Ann Tickner AND enrich current understandings" (Sjoberg 2013, 7).
22 22  
23 23  
24 -Concrete analysis of policies and their material effects on people is key to effectively crafting revolutionary solutions – identity politics and theory without praxis only ends in solipsism. Taft-Kaufman 95:
25 -Jill Taft-Kaufman, Speech prof @ CMU, 1995, ~~Southern Comm. Journal, Spring, v. 60, Iss. 3, "Other Ways"~~
26 -The postmodern passwords of "polyvocality," "Otherness," and "difference," unsupported
19 +4. This requires analysis of the law focused on how it causes the marginalization of those who are not white males by perpetuating an epistemology that refuses to recognize day-to-day violence.
20 +Tickner 06
21 +Tickner 06—professor at the School of International Relations at USC (J Ann, "Feminism meets International Relations", Feminist Methodologies for International Relations, p. 25-7)
22 +An important commitment of feminist
27 27  AND
28 -political agendas, institutions, agencies, and the budgets that fuel them.
24 +from their identities as researchers.
29 29  
30 30  
31 -B) Historiography
27 +analytic
32 32  
33 33  
34 -A genealogical approach based in critical examination of history is key to productive critique. Absent analysis, historical truth becomes a tool for the powerful to isolate deviancy and punish it. Yates and Hiles 10:
35 -~~Scott and Dave; DeMontfort University "Towards a "Critical Ontology of Ourselves"? Foucault, Subjectivity, and Discourse Analysis" Theory and Psychology Vol. 20 (1): 52-75~~ SF
36 -Foucault termed his new approach "genealogy": a "meticulous and patiently documentary"
30 +Part 2 is the contention:
31 +
32 +
33 +Current societal responses to IPV, based on antiquated and patriarchal notions, are unacceptable. In addition, the government has no obligation to protect people from "privately inflicted harms", which includes IPV.
34 +Schuerman 92.
35 +Sue Ellen Schuerman. Establishing a tort duty for police failure to respond to domestic violence. Arizona Law Review 355, Vol. 34 1992. FZ.
36 +Because city police departments
37 37  AND
38 -between individuals ... ~~it~~ designates relationships" (p. 217).
38 +recurrence of domestic violence.26
39 39  
40 40  
41 -C) Heuristics
41 +Under one exception called the state-created danger doctrine, the government can be obligated to protect survivors of IPV. Lower courts are creating their own interpretations of this doctrine but the Supreme Court has yet to adopt a standard, resulting in arbitrary results for survivors.
42 +Awoyomi 11
43 +Atinuke, 2011 The State-Created Danger Doctrine In Domestic Violence Cases: Do We Have A Solution In Okin v. Village Of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Department? Atinuke O Awoyomi, Columbia University.
44 +After DeShaney, circuit courts
45 +AND
46 +or a failure to act.50
42 42  
43 43  
44 -1. The 1AC uses the state as a descriptor. When I say you ought to do some action, I do not sever myself from my identity and place myself in your shoes when I make that statement. It is a belief of what you ought to do. When we say the state ought to do something, we are not the state; we are saying the state should do this good thing.
49 +Advantage 1:
45 45  
46 46  
47 -2. We recognize the state can be bad, that's the point of the aff. Revolutionary politics requires a strategy based in the present for real results, which means we start with the state. Sotiris 15:
48 -~~Panagiotis Sotiris (Department of Philosophy, Psychology and Pedagogy, and Communication and Media @ University of Athens, Faculty of Letters, Department of Philosophical and Social Studies @ University of Crete, Department of Psychology @ Panteion University, Department of Sociology @ University of the Aegean), "The Realism of Audacity: Rethinking Revolutionary Strategy Today." November 13, 2015. http://salvage.zone/online-exclusive/the-realism-of-audacity-rethinking-revolutionary-strategy-today~~ SF
49 -Unfortunately, historical experience shows both the catalytic and indispensable aspect of the insurrectionary sequence
52 +Affirming is key to changing officer attitudes, which ensures that they protect survivors of IPV.
53 +Shtelmakher 10.
54 +Milena, Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review Law Reviews 6-1-2010 Police Misconduct and Liability: Applying the State-Created Danger Doctrine to Hold Police Officers Accountable for Responding Inadequately to Domestic-Violence Situations-
55 +"Prior to the late nineteenth century,
56 +AND
57 +a tremendous number of people.126
58 +
59 +
60 +Holding police officers accountable is the only way to ensure that they actually enforce the law and protect survivors.
61 +Schuerman 92.
62 +Sue Ellen Schuerman. Establishing a tort duty for police failure to respond to domestic violence. Arizona Law Review 355, Vol. 34 1992. FZ.
63 +II. Arrest as a Deterrent Arrest of
50 50  AND
51 -NO. No to pessimism, no to surrender, no to defeat.
65 +violence without outside help.35
52 52  
53 53  
54 -Part 2 is the State of Exception
68 +Advantage 2
55 55  
56 56  
57 -The fiasco starts with Scalia, of course. In Anderson v. Creighton, The Supreme Court privileged federal authorities over regular citizens by making them scot-free from constitutional violations leaving real state violence with no recourse. Rudovsky 89:
58 -~~David Rudovsky (University of Pennsylvania Law School), "The Qualified Immunity Doctrine in the Supreme Court: Judicial Activism and the Restriction of Constitutional Rights" Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Respository. 1989. http://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3772andcontext=penn_law_review~~ SF, brackets in original evidence
59 -Anderson v. Creighton swept away these decisions and created an additional basis for the
71 +The aff is key to accurate reporting since people won't report to the police if they don't trust them
72 +Shtelmakher 10.
73 +Milena, Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review Law Reviews 6-1-2010 Police Misconduct and Liability: Applying the State-Created Danger Doctrine to Hold Police Officers Accountable for Responding Inadequately to Domestic-Violence Situations-
74 +When police officers have a
60 60  AND
61 -a reasonable official would understand that what he is doing violates that right."
76 +seeking access to shelters.
62 62  
63 63  
64 -This is a genealogy of the state of exception and the paradox of the state; the state creates societal rules and enforces them but removes itself from the public sphere to ensure immunity. This division leads to bare life, the condition that makes police brutality "reasonable". Ziarek 12:
65 -Ewa Ziarek (Julian Park Professor of Comparative Literature at The State University of New York at Buffalo). "9. Bare Life." Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the Era of Climate Change, vol. 2. 2012. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/o/ohp/10803281.0001.001/1:11/—impasses-of-the-post-global-theory-in-the-era-of-climate?rgn=div1;view=fulltext
66 -Since bare life is included within Western democracies as their hidden inner ground and as
79 +Thus the plan:
80 +
81 +
82 +Resolved: The Supreme Court of the United States ought to establish a national standard for the state-created danger doctrine based on the precedent established by the Okin decision.
83 +Awoyomi 11:
84 +Awoyomi 11'-Atinuke, 2011 The State-Created Danger Doctrine In Domestic Violence Cases: Do We Have A Solution In Okin v. Village Of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Department? Atinuke O Awoyomi, Columbia University
85 +This Article argues that
67 67  AND
68 -life to death, constitutes the "supreme" political principle of genocide.
87 +less room for judicial discretion.
69 69  
70 70  
71 -Thus my advocacy is the limiting of qualified immunity, police officers should be held to strict liability for their legal violations. CX clarifies possible violations. Bernick 15 is the solvency advocate:
72 -~~Evan Bernick (Evan is the Assistant Director of the Center for Judicial Engagement at the Institute for Justice, a libertarian public interest law firm), "To Hold Police Accountable, Don't Give Them Immunity." Foundation for Economic Education. May 6, 2015. https://fee.org/articles/to-hold-police-accountable-dont-give-them-immunity/~~ SF
73 -Simply put, qualified immunity has to go. It should be replaced with a
90 +Solvency
91 +
92 +
93 +By creating a distinct standard, the Okin decision applied solves for repeated inaction by officers.
94 +Awoyomi 11:
95 +Awoyomi 11'-Atinuke, 2011 The State-Created Danger Doctrine In Domestic Violence Cases: Do We Have A Solution In Okin v. Village Of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Department? Atinuke O Awoyomi, Columbia University
96 +The Okin court made a
74 74  AND
75 -have to purchase insurance to cover any costs in excess of that amount.
98 +to show state-created danger.
76 76  
77 77  
78 -Qualified immunity is a state of exception that hides the truths about militarism and halts reform. Only limiting can hold a legal mirror to the lawless state. Bernick 2:
79 -This decision was unabashedly policy-oriented: it was thought that government officials would not vigorously fulfill their obligations if they could be held accountable for actions taken in good faith. Under current law, the general rule is that victims of rights violations pay the costs of their own injuries. In practice, qualified immunity provides a near-absolute defense to all but the most outrageous conduct. The Ninth Circuit has held that throwing a flash-bang grenade "blindly" into a house, injuring a toddler, isn't outrageous enough. Just last year, in Plumhoff v. Rickard, the Supreme Court decided that firing 15 bullets at a motorist is a reasonable method to end the driver's flight from the police. So much for "every person" "shall be liable." Qualified immunity shields police misconduct not only from liability but also from meaningful judicial scrutiny. Private lawsuits are an essential tool in uncovering the truth about police misconduct. The discovery process can yield information that makes broader policy changes within police departments possible. At trial, judicial engagement — an impartial, evidence-based determination of the constitutionality of the officer's actions — can take place. Qualified immunity can cut this search for truth short. If qualified immunity is raised as a defense before trial and the judge denies it, that decision is immediately appealable. If it is granted, discovery stops, and there is no trial on the merits.
101 +That's key to reducing and preventing IPV
102 +Awoyomi 11:
103 +Awoyomi 11'-Atinuke, 2011 The State-Created Danger Doctrine In Domestic Violence Cases: Do We Have A Solution In Okin v. Village Of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Department? Atinuke O Awoyomi, Columbia University
104 +Most courts require the
105 +AND
106 +to hold perpetrators accountable.
107 +
108 +
109 +Okin decision solves like other court decisions can't
110 +Awoyomi 11
111 +Atinuke, 2011 The State-Created Danger Doctrine In Domestic Violence Cases: Do We Have A Solution In Okin v. Village Of Cornwall-On-Hudson Police Department? Atinuke O Awoyomi, Columbia University.
112 +It is evident that
113 +AND
114 +into four distinct parts:
EntryDate
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1 -2016-12-02 00:18:36.0
1 +2016-12-06 03:40:46.0
Title
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1 -Nov Dec Police State 1AC
1 +Nov Dec IPV v 1
Caselist.RoundClass[1]
EntryDate
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1 -2016-12-02 00:18:34.0
1 +2016-12-06 03:40:45.0
Caselist.CitesClass[2]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,16 @@
1 +Per tournament rules the following disclosure is provided. Please note: this will not be a continuous thing, it is not an attempt to get out of disclosure theory and that this disclosure is purely out of respect for the Harvard Westlake staff. Following the citations below is our running policy on disclosure and will be used and a
2 +The aff is a problematization of the ways in which free speech on college campuses uphold structures of oppression and are obtained along exclusionary lines.
3 +The aff goes on to explain the unique and complex social location Asian Americans find themselves locked in on the daily bases.
4 +The advocacy is an engagement with conscientization which is a self reflexive process in which Asian Americans can name the world around them and how they relate to it.
5 +Below are the cites from the aff
6 +Chou, Lee, and Ho 16 Chou, Rosalind S., Kristen Lee, and Simon Ho. "Asian Americans on Campus." Google Books. Taylor and Francis, 2016. Web. 03 Jan. 2017. BH NJW
7 +
8 +Chang 93 1993, 장 Robert S. Chang is a Professor of Law and an Associate Dean for Research and Faculty Development, He also serves on the advisory board of Berkeley’s Asian American Law Journal. “Toward an Asian American Legal Scholarship: Critical Race Theory, Post-Structuralism, and Narrative Space”, 81 Cal. L. Rev. 1241 p. 1255-1258NJW
9 +
10 +Osajima 7 2007, Keith Osajima is a professor and Director of the Race and Ethnic Studies Program at the University of Redlands. REPLENISHING THE RANKS: Raising Critical Consciousness Among Asian Americans; JOURNAL OF ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES (JAAS), February, Volume 10, No. 1; p. 67BH
11 +
12 +Memmi 2K (Albert, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165)NJW
13 +
14 +Yep 98 (San Francisco State University, Department of Speech and Communication Studies, Freire's Conscientization, Dialogue, and Liberation: Personal Reflections on Classroom Discussions of Marginality, Journal of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Identity, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1998)BH
15 +
16 +Mills 9: Charles Mills explains using the example of discrimination against blacks: Mills, C. W. (2009), Rawls on Race/Race in Rawls. The Southern Journal of Philosophy, 47: 161–184 “Now how can…ever did arrive.”BH
EntryDate
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1 +2017-01-14 20:59:34.0
Judge
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1 +Erik Legried
Opponent
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1 +Harrison RP
ParentRound
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1 +2
Round
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1 +1
Team
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1 +Palo Alto He Aff
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1 +Consz 1AC
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1 +Harvard-Westlake

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