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+Part 1 is Framing |
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+The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater who provides the best policy option to reduce structural violence. |
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+ |
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+1, Because pedagogical contexts are inherently political, we have a unique opportunity to promote real change. Trifonas 3: |
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+PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia. |
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+ |
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+Just as objective AND ends of schooling. |
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+ |
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+2, Our discussions cannot be based on ideal theory—policy discussions are key but policies mean nothing unless they change the values to the people they affect. Curry 14: |
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+Dr. Tommy J. Curry 1The Cost of a Thing: A Kingian Reformulation of a Living Wage Argument in the 21st Century. 2014. |
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+Despite the pronouncement AND contemporary moral parameters. |
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+ |
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+3, Using the state and political sphere are key to using the master’s tools to dismantle the master’s house in order to fight oppression. Kapoor 8: |
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+Kapoor 8 (Ilan, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, “The Postcolonial Politics of Development,” p. 138-139) |
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+There are perhaps AND deflect their claims. |
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+ |
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+4, Challenging institutional racism is a prior ethical question— it makes violence structurally inevitable and foundationally negates morality. Memmi 2k: |
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+Albert Memmi 2k, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165 |
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+The struggle against AND stakes are irresistible. |
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+ |
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+Part 2 is Contention |
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+Most people have heard news stories of stop and frisk procedures, but most are also unaware about this toll this takes on the lives of persons of color. Vesely-Flad 14: |
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+Rima Vesely-Flad is a professor of Religious Studies and the director of Peace and Justice Studies at Warren Wilson College. She holds a Ph.D. in Social Ethics from Union Theological Seminary and is the Founder and former Director and Chairman of the Board of the Interfaith Coalition of Advocates for Reentry and Employment ("ICARE"). THE LAW AS VIOLENCE: ESSAY: NEW YORK CITY UNDER SIEGE: THE MORAL POLITICS OF POLICING PRACTICES, 1993-2013, Fall, 2014, Wake Forest Law Review, 49 Wake Forest L. Rev. 889, Lexis Nexis, spark. |
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+It is against the law AND and going from their apartments. n67 |
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+ |
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+These policies are part and parcel of a broader disruption of civil liberties and institutional racism that targets people of color by every possible metric. Kaplan-Lyman 12: |
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+Jeremy Kaplan-Lyman, Yale Law School, J.D., A Punitive Bind: Policing, Poverty, and Neoliberalism in New York City, Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal, 15 Yale H.R. and Dev. L.J. 177, Lexis Nexis, spark |
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+Whatever positive impact the NYPD's AND decisions over precinct enforcement priorities. |
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+ |
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+Stop and frisk is the worst form of the chilling effect – it creates a learned helplessness that suppresses dissent. Butler 14: |
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+Butler 14—Paul Butler is a Professor of Law at Georgetown University (2014, The Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, “Stop and Frisk and Torture-Lite: Police Terror of Minority Communities”, HSA) |
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+An African-American mother, writing AND the violent consequences of dissent. |
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+ |
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+Clearly established law allows officers to evade responsibility for unlawful searches and seizures. Justia 9: |
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+Justia No Date- Most recent date 2009, Alternatives to the Exclusionary Rule," Justia Law, http://law.justia.com/constitution/us/amendment-04/30-exclusionary-rule.html |
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+A right to be free AND probable cause or exigent circumstances.361. |
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+ |
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+Thus the plan: the Supreme Court of the United States ought to implement the Saucier ruling in Fourth Amendment cases. Kerr 11: |
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+Kerr 11’- Fourth Amendment Remedies and Development of the Law: A Comment on Camreta v. Greene and Davis v. United States Orin S. Kerr, https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/supreme-court-review/2011/9/camrettadaviskerr_0.pdf |
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+Whatever my own preferences, it AND whether police installation of a GPS |
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+ |
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+Removing the “clearly established” doctrine requirement solves. Wright 15: |
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+Wright, 2015 (Journalist and PHD in Law. "Want to Fight Police Misconduct? Reform Qualified Immunity." http://abovethelaw.com/2015/11/want-to-fight-police-misconduct-reform-qualified-immunity/) |
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+In order to truly hold AND clearly established in the courts? |
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+ |
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+The removal of the “clearly established” doctrine bolsters civil suits against police officers, which are key to creating tangible changes within the system. |
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+Kabakova 12. |
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+Dasha Kabakova, The Lack of Accountability for the New York Police Department's Investigative Stops, 160 Cardozo Public Law, Policy and Ethics Journal 1631 (Summer 2012) (260 Footnotes Omitted) (Student Note). FZ. |
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+This Note provides an in-depth AND best avenue for inspiring reform. |