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+The role of the ballot is to evaluate the simulated consequences of the topical aff policy. Prefer this |
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+ |
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+1. The state is inevitable- speaking the language of power through policymaking is the only way to create social change in debate. |
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+Coverstone 5 Alan Coverstone (masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach) “Acting on Activism: Realizing the Vision of Debate with Pro-social Impact” Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference November 17th 2005 JW 11/18/15 |
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+An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of |
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+AND |
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+that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. |
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+ |
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+Unfairness denies effective dialogue on kritikal issues which turns your impacts. |
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+Galloway 7 Ryan Galloway, Samford Comm prof, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007 |
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+Debate as a dialogue sets an argumentative table, where all parties receive a relatively |
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+AND |
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+whims of time and power (Farrell, 1985, p. 114). |
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+ |
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+AND: critique is useless without a concrete policy option that solves for your harms. |
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+Bryant 12 Levi Bryant (Professor of Philosophy at Collin College) “A Critique of the Academic Left” 2012 https://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/ JW |
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+Unfortunately, the academic left falls prey to its own form of abstraction. It’s |
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+AND |
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+of shelters, the distribution of medicines, etc., etc., etc. |
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+ |
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+Excessive focus on discourse and representations kills the liberal movements you seek to promote. |
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+Chait 15 Jonathan Chait “How the language police are perverting liberalism.” NY Magazine January 275h 2015 http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/01/not-a-very-pc-thing-to-say.html JW |
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+Or maybe not. The p.c. style of politics has one serious |
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+AND |
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+confidence in the ultimate power of reason, not coercion, to triumph. |
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+ |
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+Framework |
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+ |
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+Phenomenal introspection is reliable and proves that util’s true. |
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+Sinhababu Neil (National University of Singapore) “The epistemic argument for hedonism” http://philpapers.org/archive/SINTEA-3 accessed 2-4-16 JW |
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+The Odyssey's treatment of these events demonstrates how dramatically ancient Greek moral intuitions differ from |
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+AND |
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+favors the kind of universal hedonism that supports utilitarianism, not egoistic hedonism. |
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+ |
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+Thus, the standard is maximizing happiness. |
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+ |
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+inherency |
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+ |
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+Iran intends to build multiple new nuclear power plants. |
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+MEM 8/16 Middle East Monitor “Iran intends to build two new nuclear power stations” August 15th 2016 https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20160815-iran-intends-to-build-two-new-nuclear-power-stations/ JW |
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+Representative of the Committee on Defence and Foreign Affairs in the Iranian Parliament Sayed Hussain |
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+AND |
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+the two sides in the field of the peaceful use of nuclear energy. |
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+ |
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+Plan Text |
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+ |
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+Resolved: the Islamic Republic of Iran ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. |
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+ |
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+Prolif Adv. |
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+ |
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+Even after the deal, Iran has thousands of centrifuges which can be used for building nuclear weapons. |
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+Tirone 16 Jonathan “Iran’s Nuclear Program” Bloomberg Quick Take February 4th 2016 https://www.bloomberg.com/quicktake/irans-uranium-enrichment JW |
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+Under the deal, Iran maintains the ability to enrich uranium for peaceful purposes. |
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+AND |
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+enough fissile material for a bomb from a few months to a year. |
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+ |
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+Iran’s cheating on the deal and attempting to build nukes using their nuclear reactors – new reports prove. |
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+Rafizadeh 8/4 Majid (Iranian-American political scientist and Harvard University scholar, is president of the International American Council. Rafizadeh serves on the board of Harvard International Review at Harvard University. He is also a member of the Gulf project at Columbia University. Rafizadeh served as a senior fellow at Nonviolence International Organization based in Washington DC. He has been a recipient of several scholarships and fellowship including from Oxford University, Annenberg University, University of California Santa Barbara, and Fulbright Teaching program. Dr. Rafizadeh has obtained several degrees including Doctorate (Ph.D) in Government and International Affairs, Masters in Global and International Studies, Masters in Journalism and Communication, Masters in Linguistic and teaching, and Bachelors in Linguistic and languages ( English, Arabic, Persian). He served as ambassador, conducted research at Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, and taught at University of California Santa Barbara through Fulbright Teaching Scholarship) “Iran Is Cheating on the Nuclear Deal, Now What?” Gatestone Institute August 4th 2016 https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/8543/iran-nuclear-cheating JW |
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+One year into the nuclear deal, two credible and timely intelligence reports reveal that |
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+AND |
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+be emboldened to violate international laws and the terms of the nuclear agreement. |
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+ |
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+The Iran deal made America abandon non-prolif policy. |
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+Abrams 15 Elliott (senior fellow for Mideast studies at the Council on Foreign Relations) “Iran Got a Far Better Deal Than It Had Any Right to Expect” National Review July 15th 2015 http://www.nationalreview.com/article/421223/iran-got-far-better-deal-it-had-any-right-expect-elliott-abrams JW |
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+How far we have come. Initially U.S. policy aimed at a |
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+AND |
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+strike against the Iranian nuclear-weapons program much harder and more dangerous. |
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+ |
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+The deal ensures Iran will get nukes – it’s just a matter of time. |
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+Robbins 15 Jeff (served as Chief Counsel to the Democratic Senators on the United States Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. Twice appointed as a United States Delegate to the United Nations Human Rights Commission under President Clinton, he is an attorney in Boston) “It’s Simple: Under This Deal, Iran Will Have Nuclear Weapons in Little Over a Decade” July 29th 2015 Observer http://observer.com/2015/07/its-simple-under-this-deal-iran-will-have-nuclear-weapons-in-little-over-a-decade/ JW |
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+The core problems with the Iran deal are profound, but are waved aside by |
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+AND |
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+This is the hard fact for which the White House has no answer. |
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+ |
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+Iran prolif causes nuke war – miscalc and rapid escalation. |
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+Goldberg 12 Jeffrey (Bloomberg View columnist and a national correspondent for the Atlantic.) “How Iran Could Trigger Accidental Armageddon: Jeffrey Goldberg” January 23rd 2012 Bloomberg https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2012-01-24/how-iran-may-trigger-accidental-armageddon-commentary-by-jeffrey-goldberg JW |
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+Jan. 24 (Bloomberg) ~-~- One of the arguments often made in favor |
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+AND |
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+arguing that a nuclear Iran is a containable problem. It is not. |
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+ |
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+Israel Strike Adv. |
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+ |
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+Israel will strike Iran because of their nuclear facilities – they see it as necessary to their survival. |
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+Bosma 15 John “Thinking About the Unthinkable: An Israel-Iran Nuclear War” August 23rd 2015 American Thinker http://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2015/08/thinking_about_the_unthinkable_an_israeliran_nuclear_war_.html JW |
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+But it also augurs the possibility of a nuclear war coming far sooner than one |
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+AND |
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+of every one of them – including our president and Secretary of State. |
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+ |
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+Netanyahu is ready to strike and bomb nuclear facilities. |
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+DePetris 15 Daniel (analyst at Wikistrat, Inc., a geostrategic consulting firm, and a freelance researcher. He has also written for CNN.com, Small Wars Journal and The Diplomat) “Israel's Master Plan to Crush Iran's Nuclear Program” The National Interest July 22nd 2015 http://nationalinterest.org/feature/israels-master-plan-crush-irans-nuclear-program-13392?page=3 JW |
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+Although there may finally be a comprehensive, verifiable agreement that the United States and |
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+AND |
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+high-risk but potentially high-reward last option for the Israelis. |
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+ |
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+Israel attack on Tehran causes millions of deaths, mass instability and outweighs every other nuclear threat – best models prove. This answers your impact defense |
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+Turse 13 Nick “What Would Happen if Israel Nuked Iran” Mother Jones May 13th 2013 http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/05/nuclear-strike-tehran-israel JW |
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+Iranian cities—owing to geography, climate, building construction, and population densities |
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+AND |
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+me. "People don't want to face this. They're in denial." |