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+Armenia has plans for new nuclear reactors but they’ve been postponed –they’re stuck with Metsamor for the foreseeable future. |
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+Sahakyan 4-27-16 Armine (Human rights activist based in Armenia) “Armenia Continues to Gamble on Aging Nuclear Plant in a Quake-Prone Area” Huffington Post http://www.huffingtonpost.com/armine-sahakyan/armenia-continues-to-gamb_b_9788186.html JW |
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+Armenia was supposed to have a new nuclear power plant this year that would replace |
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+AND |
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+is the new plant not operational — work on it hasn’t even begun. |
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+ |
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+Armenia has existing legislation that vows to build new nuclear reactors. |
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+Adamyan 14 Mane “THE CLOSURE OF METSAMOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT: COSTS AND BENEFIT” AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF ARMENIA, A MASTER’S ESSAY SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS FOR PARTIAL FULFILLEMENT OF THE DEGREE OF MASTERS OF ARTS May 2014 https://dspace.aua.am/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/615/Mane_Adamyan.pdf?sequence=1 JW |
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+In October 2009 the National Assembly of the Republic of Armenia has adopted a law |
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+AND |
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+materials costs64, this study takes the initial price for the new NPP. |
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+ |
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+Plan Text |
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+ |
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+Resolved: the Republic of Armenia ought to prohibit the production of nuclear power. |
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+ |
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+The Metsamor power plant – Armenia’s only form of nuclear power – is incredibly dangerous. Uses old tech and lies on earthquake territory. |
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+Lavelle et al 11 Marianne Lavelle and Josie Garthwaite (National Geographic News) “Is Armenia's Nuclear Plant the World's Most Dangerous?” National Geographic News April 14th 2011 http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2011/04/110412-most-dangerous-nuclear-plant-armenia/ JW |
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+In the shadow of Mount Ararat, the beloved and sorrowful national symbol of Armenia |
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+AND |
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+no water in it, and accident progression with no mitigation at all." |
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+ |
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+Armenian Meltdown kills agriculture and threatens four other countries. |
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+Sahakyan 4/27-16 Armine (Human rights activist based in Armenia) “Armenia Continues to Gamble on Aging Nuclear Plant in a Quake-Prone Area” Huffington Post http://www.huffingtonpost.com/armine-sahakyan/armenia-continues-to-gamb_b_9788186.html JW |
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+So Armenia continues to make due with the Metsamor plant. The International Atomic Energy |
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+AND |
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+And the region and the world will join Armenians in holding their breath. |
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+ |
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+New reactors won’t be built, not enough infrastructure. |
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+McGinnity 15 Ian “Risky Business – Roadblocks to Building Armenia’s New Nuclear Power Plant” Regional Studies Center May 25th 2015 http://regional-studies.org/blog/445-250515#_edn4 JW |
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+Most importantly, Armenia faces feeble prospects for long-term GDP growth and short |
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+AND |
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+of substantial assets that would satisfactorily pad potential investors against risk of failure. |
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+ |
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+Armenian nuclear reactors are close enough to urban areas to increase the spread of cancer among citizens. Even if a new reactor is built, the same structural harms will occur. |
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+Idayatova 5/20/16 Anakhanum “Armenia’s Metsamor nuclear plant can cause major radiation accident” Trend News Agency http://en.trend.az/world/turkey/2536379.html JW |
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+Armenia's Metsamor nuclear power plant is a major threat not only for the entire Caucasus |
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+AND |
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+extremely dangerous enterprise, even if a new type of reactor is built. |
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+ |
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+Banning nuclear power is key to preventing bankruptcy of the Armenian economy. |
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+McGinnity 15 Ian “Risky Business – Roadblocks to Building Armenia’s New Nuclear Power Plant” Regional Studies Center May 25th 2015 http://regional-studies.org/blog/445-250515#_edn4 JW |
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+Most importantly, Armenia faces feeble prospects for long-term GDP growth and short |
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+AND |
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+of substantial assets that would satisfactorily pad potential investors against risk of failure. |
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+ |
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+Harms to Armenian agriculture and preventing economic growth cause mass increases in poverty. |
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+McKinley et al 2 Terry (Senior Policy Adviser on poverty and macroeconomic policies in the Bureau for Development Policy, UNDP, New York. He is the editor of UNDP’s global poverty report, Overcoming Human Poverty. He is the author of The Distribution of Wealth in Rural China, coauthor of Implementing a Human Development Strategy and editor of Macroeconomic Policies, Growth and Poverty Reduction. Much of his work in recent years has centered on China, Mongolia, Central Asia, Vietnam and the transition economies of the former Soviet Union and eastern and central Europe.) (this report is published with others, but the part I cut is just by Terry McKinley) “Growth, Inequality and Poverty in Armenia” A Report Commissioned by the Poverty Group, Bureau for Development Policy, United Nations Development Programme August 2002 http://www.ipc-undp.org/publications/reports/Armenia.pdf JW |
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+In order to reduce Armenia’s widespread poverty, a development strategy and supporting public policies |
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+AND |
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+the government in equitably distributing the country’s agricultural wealth had a propoor impact. |
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+ |
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+Poverty necessarily oppresses individuals. Governments who stand idly are complicit in structural violence. |
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+TLR 12 “Oppression Series Pt. 2: How Poverty is Oppressive by Its Nature” The Lion Review December 23rd 2012 https://thelionreview.com/2012/12/23/how-poverty-is-oppressive-by-its-nature/ JW |
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+During the 2012 presidential campaign, rhetoric concerning the middle class overwhelmed all talk about |
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+AND |
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+just as evil as the person that purposely perpetuates poverty on a people. |
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+ |
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+Adopting the perspective of the oppressed is the only way to account for dominant ideologies that skew our thought processes. |
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+Mills 5 Charles W. Mills (John Evans Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy) ““Ideal Theory” as Ideology” Hypatia vol. 20, no. 3 (Summer 2005) JW |
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+Now what distinguishes ideal theory is not merely the use of ideals, since obviously |
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+AND |
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+specifi c experience in distorting our perceptions and conceptions of the social order. |
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+ |
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+Inequality creates flawed epistemic conclusions, making normative decision making impossible. |
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+Medina 11 Medina, J. (2011). Toward a Foucaultian Epistemology of Resistance: Counter-Memory, Epistemic Friction, and Guerrilla Pluralism. Foucault Studies, 1(12), 9–35 |
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+Foucault invites us to pay attention to the past and ongoing epistemic battles among competing |
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+AND |
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+until past epistemic battles are reopened and established frameworks become open to contestation. |
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+ |
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+Structural violence excludes individuals from moral calculus—rejecting it comes first. |
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+Winter and Leighton 99 Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter: Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice) (Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century. Pg 4-5) |
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+Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about |
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+AND |
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+structural violence, can also be used to empower citizens to reduce it. |
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+ |
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+Solutions to oppression must be discussed through pragmatic approaches within hegemonic power structures. |
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+Kapoor 8, 2008 (Ilan, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Environmental Studies, York University, “The Postcolonial Politics of Development,” p. 138-139) |
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+There are perhaps several other social movement campaigns that could be cited as examples of |
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+AND |
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+made it difficult for the state to quash them or deflect their claims. |
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+ |
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+Critique is useless without a concrete policy option that solves for the harms you discuss. |
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+Bryant 12 Levi Bryant (Professor of Philosophy at Collin College) “A Critique of the Academic Left” 2012 https://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/11/11/underpants-gnomes-a-critique-of-the-academic-left/ JW |
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+Unfortunately, the academic left falls prey to its own form of abstraction. It’s |
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+AND |
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+of shelters, the distribution of medicines, etc., etc., etc. |
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+ |
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+Oppression is created by social systems so only a focus on material conditions can solve. |
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+Johnson no date Allan Johnson (PhD in sociology, he joined the sociology department at Wesleyan University) http://www.cabrillo.edu/~lroberts/AlanJohnsonWhatCanWeDO001.pdf JW |
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+Privilege is a feature of social systems, not individuals. People have or don't |
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+AND |
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+, and behave as individuals, how we see ourselves and one another. |
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+ |
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+The state is inevitable- speaking the language of power through policymaking is the only way to create social change in debate. |
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+Coverstone 5 Alan Coverstone (masters in communication from Wake Forest, longtime debate coach) “Acting on Activism: Realizing the Vision of Debate with Pro-social Impact” Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Conference November 17th 2005 JW 11/18/15 |
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+An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of |
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+AND |
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+that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. |