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+There’s a contradiction within government policy ~-~-- restricting free speech may be unconstitutional, but not doing so causes public colleges to lose federal funding under Title IX. Bernstein 3 |
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+Bernstein 3 (David E. Bernstein – George Mason University Foundation Professor of Law with a focus on constitutional history, “You Can’t Say That: The Growing Threat to Civil Liberties From Antidiscrimination Laws”, “Censoring Campus Speech”, https://books.google.com/books?id=zU2QAAAAQBAJandpg=PA60andlpg=PA60anddq=public+colleges+could+lose+funding+if+they+allow+for+racistsandsource=blandots=W67N5E3bznandsig=xXeBW8YaTy_Ilb34MIbu-grciy4andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwiBoqTkn_nQAhVBjFQKHcc7CIkQ6AEITDAI#v=onepageandq=public20colleges20could20lose20funding20if20they20allow20for20racistsandf=false, pg. 60-61,) |
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+Given these constitutional barriers, public university speech codes were on the way out until |
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+AND |
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+Amendment, then so can they. Unfortunately, they may be right. |
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+Federal funding is used to maintain financial aid resources and colleges are only growing more dependent on it as state funding goes down. Pew 15 |
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+Pew 15 (The Pew Charitable Trusts – compiles evidence and non-partisan analysis to inform the public and create better public policy, “Federal and State Funding of Higher Education: A Changing Landscape”, http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2015/06/federal-and-state-funding-of-higher-education) |
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+States and the federal government have long provided substantial funding for higher education, but |
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+ |
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+AND |
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+, while state funds primarily pay for the general operations of public institutions. |
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+The only thing keeping graduation rates stable is financial aid ~-~-- allows students to study full-time, encourages academic progress, and is the only way low-income students can afford to enroll. Johnson 14 |
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+Johnson 14 (Hans Johnson – supported by the College Access Foundation of California and writing for the Public Policy Institute of California, “Making College Possible for Low-Income Students: Grant and Scholarship Aid in California”, http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/report/R_1014HJR.pdf, pg. 20-24) |
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+Students fail to complete college for many reasons, including financial constraints. Certainly it |
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+ |
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+AND |
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+earn a degree if they first enroll at a four-year college. |
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+State cuts have led tuition to spike harming the ability to students to enter college, especially those who come from low income backgrounds or are people of color –a college degree is a crucial internal link to working in a skilled job, decreasing health care costs, and bringing greater wealth to local communities. Mitchell et al 16 |
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+Mitchell et al 16 (Report published by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities; authors were Michael Mitchell (State Budget and Tax), Michael Leachman (State Budget and Tax), and Kathleen Masterson, “Funding Down, Tuition Up: State Cuts to Higher Education Threaten Quality and Affordability at Public Colleges”, http://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/funding-down-tuition-up) |
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+Years of cuts in state funding for public colleges and universities have driven up tuition |
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+ |
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+AND |
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+ |
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+the start of the recession will make it more difficult to achieve those goals |