| ... |
... |
@@ -1,48
+1,0 @@ |
| 1 |
|
-==1== |
| 2 |
|
- |
| 3 |
|
-===Interpretation and Violation=== |
| 4 |
|
- |
| 5 |
|
- |
| 6 |
|
-====The affirmative should defend the desirability of the implementation of the United States limiting qualified immunity for police officers.==== |
| 7 |
|
- |
| 8 |
|
- |
| 9 |
|
-====This does not require a specific form but only isolates what the content of the affirmative should contain – the affirmative must defend a policy action but can perform or present such an advocacy in any way they so desire.==== |
| 10 |
|
- |
| 11 |
|
- |
| 12 |
|
-==== 'Resolved' denotes a proposal to be enacted by law ==== |
| 13 |
|
-**Words and Phrases 64** (Permanent Edition) |
| 14 |
|
-Definition of the word "resolve," given by Webster is "to express an |
| 15 |
|
-AND |
| 16 |
|
-," which is defined by Bouvier as meaning "to establish by law". |
| 17 |
|
- |
| 18 |
|
- |
| 19 |
|
-====Qualified immunity is a legal doctrine protecting officers from civil suits.==== |
| 20 |
|
-**Legal Information Institute, No Date** |
| 21 |
|
-"Qualified immunity" Cornell University Law School |
| 22 |
|
-Qualified immunity balances two important interests—the need to hold public officials accountable when |
| 23 |
|
-AND |
| 24 |
|
-plaintiff's right if it is clear that the right was not clearly established. |
| 25 |
|
- |
| 26 |
|
- |
| 27 |
|
-===Vote negative=== |
| 28 |
|
- |
| 29 |
|
- |
| 30 |
|
-====Limits – they explode the potential affirmatives – there are 350 million people each with individual policing relationships that are topical. That structurally favors the affirmative because they can prep out specific responses while permuting counterplans and alternatives – screws the neg through massive prep skews and ability to engage. ==== |
| 31 |
|
- |
| 32 |
|
- |
| 33 |
|
-====Topical version of the affirmative – they can read an affirmative that limits qualified immunity for police officers in instances of disability hate crimes – Bettendorf RN's aff proves. ==== |
| 34 |
|
- |
| 35 |
|
- |
| 36 |
|
-====Attitude and information are not enough—tying demands to legal goals and political actors are necessary to affect genuine change==== |
| 37 |
|
-**Hodson 2010 **- professor of education – Ontario Institute for Studies @ University of Toronto |
| 38 |
|
-(Derek, "Science Education as a Call to Action," Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, 10.3) |
| 39 |
|
-The final (fourth) level of sophistication in this issues-based approach is |
| 40 |
|
-AND |
| 41 |
|
-justice are kept in the forefront of discussion during the establishment of policy. |
| 42 |
|
- |
| 43 |
|
- |
| 44 |
|
-====Fairness and likewise competitive equity are voting issues – topical fairness requirements are key to meaningful dialogue—monopolizing strategy and prep makes the discussion one-sided and subverts any meaningful neg role which is an impact in itself. ==== |
| 45 |
|
-Ryan** Galloway 7**, Samford Comm prof, Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 28, 2007 |
| 46 |
|
-Debate as a dialogue sets an argumentative table, where all parties receive a relatively |
| 47 |
|
-AND |
| 48 |
|
-substitutes for topical action do not accrue the dialogical benefits of topical advocacy. |