Changes for page Millard North Brown Aff
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,94 @@ 1 +==1AC== 2 + 3 + 4 +===Framework=== 5 + 6 + 7 +====The standard is minimizing harm to vulnerable populations. ==== 8 + 9 + 10 +====We'll defend the standard primarily as a filter for impacts post hypothetical enactment of the affirmative. However, if the negative introduces a role of the judge/ballot we will defend the standard as a method of ethics which the judge ought to embrace and the debate ought to be based within – that just means we get to weigh the aff framework against potential 1NC pre-fiat frameworks. ==== 11 + 12 + 13 +====Decision-making cannot be entirely objective – social ideologies render certain populations as disposable and manage risk unevenly. ==== 14 +Elizabeth A. **Povinelli,** 20**13** 15 +Povinelli is Franz Boas Professor of Anthropology and Gender Studies, Director of the Institute for Research on Women and Gender and the Co-Director of the Centre for the Study of Law and Culture at Columbia University. "Necropolitics"; The Anthropology of Biopolitics; February 23, 2013; https://anthrobiopolitics.wordpress.com/2013/02/23/necropolitics/" 16 +In what might be seen as biopolitical 'social disposability' rather than 'social death' 17 +AND 18 +. government was reducing its populace to a politics of "bare life". 19 + 20 + 21 +====Ethical calculi are not neutral – privileged lives always matter more than the underprivileged because of mechanisms of power – you should forefront combating cognitive biases. ==== 22 +Walter **Mignolo,** 20**07** 23 +Mingnolo is an Argentinian semiotician and professor at Duke. "The De-Colonial Option and the Meaning of Identity in Politics" 24 +The rhetoric of modernity (from the Christian mission since the sixteenth century, to 25 +AND 26 +of human lives; that is, according to a racist classification.5 27 + 28 + 29 +====High magnitude scenario planning results in compassion fatigue – overexposure to crisis exhausts society's political mobility for collective problem solving in favor of individual security and artificially magnifies perceptual likelihood of low probability events.==== 30 +Timothy **Recuber,** 20**11** 31 +Recuber is a doctoral candidate in sociology at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, he has taught at Hunter College in Manhattan. "CONSUMING CATASTROPHE: AUTHENTICITY AND EMOTION IN MASS-MEDIATED DISASTER" gradworks.umi.com/3477831.pdf 32 +The emotional component of disaster consumption is therefore an important part of these processes. 33 +AND 34 +preventative consumption may constitute the only preventative measures being taken on one's behalf. 35 + 36 + 37 +===Advantage 1 is Illegal Surveillance=== 38 + 39 + 40 +====Local police departments engage in massive illegal wiretapping operations – Riverside County alone enacted 20 of the nation's wiretap warrants and intercepted information from more than 52,000 people causing hundreds of arrests and seizing millions of dollars nationwide. ==== 41 +Tim **Cushing,** 20**15** 42 +"California Police Used Illegal Wiretap Warrants In Hundreds Of Drug Prosecutions" https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20151121/06351232876/california-police-used-illegal-wiretap-warrants-hundreds-drug-prosecutions.shtml 43 +So, a federal agency has already been exposed as participating in likely illegal activity 44 +AND 45 +trouble determining whether this apparently illegal surveillance helped build a case against them. 46 + 47 + 48 +====Wiretapping is not neutral – surveillance is increasingly racialized and targeted at people of color – it is a system of overt racism and brings the constant worry of "am I being watched"? ==== 49 +Alvaro M. **Bedoya, 01/18/**16 50 +Executive Director of the Center on Privacy and Technology and Adjunct Professor of Law at Georgetown Law. "The Color of Surveillance", http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2016/01/what_the_fbi_s_surveillance_of_martin_luther_king_says_about_modern_spying.html 51 +There is a myth in this country that in a world where everyone is watched 52 +AND 53 +was watching—and listening—waiting for them to make a mistake. 54 + 55 + 56 +===Plan=== 57 + 58 + 59 +====Thus the plan: The United States Federal Government will issue a statutory enactment which precludes qualified immunity from being used as a defense by police officers in suits regarding the Federal Wiretap Act. ==== 60 + 61 + 62 +===Solvency=== 63 + 64 + 65 +====First - qualified immunity kills the effectiveness of the Federal Wiretapping Act – it lets officers get away with civil rights abuses that the statue was built to punish. ==== 66 +Kathleen **Lockard,** 20**01** 67 +"Qualified Immunity as a Defense to Federal Wiretap Act Claims" The University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 68, No. 4, pg 1393-1395 68 +While, in general, statutes are interpreted to preserve common law meanings and doctrines 69 +AND 70 +authorization. This means that the defendant will not be left without protection. 71 + 72 + 73 +====Second - only Congressional action can set a standard on qualified immunity that enables the courts to act – the plan is key. ==== 74 +Kathleen **Lockard,** 20**01** 75 +"Qualified Immunity as a Defense to Federal Wiretap Act Claims" The University of Chicago Law Review, Vol. 68, No. 4, pg 1371-1377. 76 +Qualified immunity is a federal common law defense that may be precluded by statute. 77 +AND 78 +paramount, even when deciding if qualified immunity is available under a statute. 79 + 80 + 81 +====Court precedent is that qualified immunity can be used as a defense against the FWA – it includes both statutory and constitutional claims. ==== 82 +Paul Michael **Brown,** 20**10** 83 +"Personal Liability Tort Litigation Against Federal Employees" The United States Attorneys' Bulletin, November 2010, Vol. 58, No. 6 https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/usao/legacy/2010/12/06/usab5806.pdf 84 +The Supreme Court has long recognized that qualified immunity is available to counter not only 85 +AND 86 +as a defense to a plaintiff's statutory claims under the Federal Wiretap Act). 87 + 88 + 89 +====Detailed discussions of governmental policy regarding crime is crucial to democratic change – it holds policy-makers accountable, informs citizens, and enables reforms to have influence in institutional settings. ==== 90 +Vanessa **Barker,** 20**09** 91 +Barker is an Assistant Professor of Criminology at Florida State University. "The Politics of Imprisonment How the Democratic Process Shapes the Way America Punishes Offenders,"pp 182-188 92 +This study has some important and potentially unpopular policy implications. First, I think 93 +AND 94 +in American public life, as it could be with American penal sanctioning. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +Millard North Brown Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +2 - 1AC - Federal Wiretapping Act - Tournament
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... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@ 1 +The Glenbrooks