Summary

• Objects (1 modified, 1 added, 0 removed)
  • Caselist.RoundClass[5]
  • Caselist.CitesClass[5]

Details

Caselist.RoundClass[5]

EntryDate

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1		-2016-10-07 23:21:41.613
	1	+2016-10-07 23:21:41.0

Caselist.CitesClass[5]

Cites

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	1	+Link
	2	+
	3	+Nuclear power is responsible for a large portion of the world’s energy. NPR ‘11
	4	+NPR “A Nuclear-Powered World.” May 16, 2011. http://www.npr.org/2011/05/16/136288669/a-nuclear-powered-world LG
	5	+Nuclear power plants generate 14 percent of the world's electricity, but some countries are more dependent on this power source than others. France relies on nuclear for 75.2 percent of its electricity; the United States, about 20 percent. And while China gets just 1.9 percent of their electricity from nuclear (the lowest proportion of any nuclear country) it plans to boost the number of nuclear power plants in operation by over 1,000 percent by 2020.
	6	+
	7	+Many countries are reliant upon nuclear power. WNA ’15
	8	+World Nuclear Association, February 2015, Nuclear Power in the World Today, http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Current-and-Future-Generation/Nuclear-Power-in-the-World-Today/ LG
	9	+Sixteen countries depend on nuclear power for at least a quarter of their electricity. France gets around three-quarters of its power from nuclear energy, while Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Slovenia and Ukraine get one-third or more. South Korea and Bulgaria normally get more than 30 of their power from nuclear energy, while in the USA, UK, Spain, Romania and Russia almost one-fifth is from nuclear. Japan is used to relying on nuclear power for more than one-quarter of its electricity and is expected to return to that level. Among countries which do not host nuclear power plants, Italy and Denmark get almost 10 of their power from nuclear.
	10	+
	11	+And, other resources can’t make up for the loss in energy that would occur if we ban nuclear production. Our Energy Policy Organization ‘16
	12	+Our Energy Policy Organization, July 1-6, 2016, Nuclear Energy: Overview, http://www.ourenergypolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/NEO.pdf DOA: 8-10-16 LG
	13	+For those who hope that renewables can quickly fill the gap left by closed nuclear energy facilities, NEI points out that wind and solar lack the scale and reliability of nuclear power plants that usually run 24/7 except when they are in refueling outages “Renewable sources are intermittent and do not have the same value to the grid as dispatchable baseload resources like nuclear plants. And renewables do not have the scale necessary to replace existing nuclear plants,” NEI say NEI’s comments also point to analysis by the independent market monitor for the New England and New York independent system operators (ISO) demonstrating that preserving existing nuclear power plants has a lower carbon abatement cost than renewables sources like wind and solar. “Looking to the future, the Energy Information Administration’s Annual Energy Outlook expects nuclear energy to produce 789 billion kWh in 2040. By then, EIA forecasts wind and solar will produce 818 billion kWh. So it will take the next 25 years for wind and solar to catch up to where nuclear energy is today,” NEI says.
	14	+Impact
	15	+A shift away from nuclear power impacts the economy.
	16	+Edward D. Kee, CEO of Nuclear Economics Consulting and expert in nuclear economics August 4, 2016, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, “Market failure” and nuclear power, http://thebulletin.org/E2809Cmarket-failureE2809D-and-nuclear-power9703 LG
	17	+∂ Recent closures of nuclear power plants hit the bottom line of those who can afford it least: households and businesses. After the shutdown of the San Onofre Nuclear Generating station in 2013, California consumers paid $350 million more for electricity the following year. ∂ “Sooner or later, that nuclear capacity must be replaced and, when it is replaced with new gas- red combined cycle capacity, consumers will pay more on a levelized lifecycle cost basis,” NEI warns. ∂ Shutting down nuclear power plants also results in higher emissions. This is because (zero-emissions) nuclear power plants are usually replaced with natural gas plants which produce significant amounts of carbon emissions. In California, carbon emissions rose 9 million tons per year after the closure of San Onofre. In New England, emissions rose five percent after the closure of the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant in 2014. ∂ NEI emphasizes that the reasons for many of these recent premature closures are short-term price signals that are unsustainable, not long-term market fundamentals.
	18	+Economic decline puts countries at risk of political instability, unrest, authoritarian power.
	19	+Mathews, Jessica Tuchman. President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace "Redefining Security." Foreign Affairs 68.2 (1989): 162-77. Web. AJ
	20	+If such resource and population trends are not addressed, as they are not in so much of the world today, the resulting economic decline leads to frustration, resentment, domestic unrest or even civil war. Human suffering and turmoil make countries ripe for authoritarian government or external sub version. Environmental refugees spread the disruption across national borders. Haiti, a classic example, was once so forested and fertile that it was known as the "Pearl of the Antilles." Now deforested, soil erosion in Haiti is so rapid that some farmers believe stones grow in their fields, while bulldozers are needed to clear the streets of Port-au-Prince of topsoil that flows down from the mountains in the rainy season. While many of the boat people who fled to the United States left because of the brutality of the Duvalier regimes, there is no question that~-~-and this is not widely recognized~-~-many Hai tians were forced into the boats by the impossible task of farming bare rock. Until Haiti is reforested, it will never be politically stable.

EntryDate

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	1	+2016-10-07 23:21:43.560

Judge

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	1	+Herman, Dosch

Opponent

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	1	+Lynbrooks NS

ParentRound

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	1	+5

Round

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	1	+1

Team

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	1	+Marlborough Kim Neg

Title

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	1	+SEPT OCT ECON DA

Tournament

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	1	+Voices RR