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... ... @@ -1,3 +1,0 @@ 1 -Plan Text: The Kingdom of Belgium should prohibit the production of nuclear energy. Becker 3/24 2 -Oda Becker 3-24-2016, "German nuclear plants are vulnerable to terrorist attacks – study," RT International, https://www.rt.com/news/337092-german-nuclear-plants-terrorists/ 3 -The recent news from Belgium has given some German politicians and activists additional cause for concern. Hubert Weiger, the head of the BUND, said that the Brussels attacks became another reason for immediate nuclear phase-out. “It is even more necessary than ever to abandon this technology,” he said, as quoted by DPA. Eight nuclear plants remain operational in Germany, after Angela Merkel’s government decided to abandon the use of nuclear energy and immediately halt all operations on the country’s eight oldest nuclear plants in March 2011. Another plant was shut down in 2015. The remaining nuclear stations are due to be closed by 2022. At the same time, Simone Peter, a co-chair of the German Green Party, demanded additional security checks at all European nuclear plants. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,39 +1,0 @@ 1 -The Federal Government of Ukraine should prohibit the production of nuclear energy. 2 -Wesolowsky 2/8 (Tony Thirty Years After Chernobyl, Ukraine Doubles Down On Nuclear Power Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty 2/8/16 http://www.rferl.org/a/thirty-years-after-chernobyl-ukraine-doubles-down-nuclear-power/27539152.html Acc 9/24/16) CW 3 -They say Ukraine’s … safety procedures done.” 4 - 5 -Ukraine’s reactors are near the conflict zone – high chance of theft to Moldova 6 -Wauchope 4/18 (Noel writer for the Nation Review Four big reasons not to sell uranium to Ukraine Independent Australia 4/18/16 https://independentaustralia.net/environment/environment-display/fourbig-reasons-not-to-sell-uranium-to-ukraine,8895 Acc 9/23/16) CW 7 -Ukraine's Zaporizhia nuclear … one in Ukraine. 8 - 9 -Moldovan smugglers sell bomb grade material to ISIS – they already have the know how for a dirty bomb – investigations prove 10 -Capon 15 - reporter for Newsweek Europe (Felicity SMUGGLERS ATTEMPT TO SELL RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TO ISIS, INVESTIGATION REVEALS Newsweek 10/7/15 http://www.newsweek.com/russia-isis-islamic-state-moldova-radioactive-material-cesium-380816 Acc 9/25/16) CW 11 -Eastern European gangs …their nuclear materials. 12 - 13 -Terrorism causes extinction – defense mechanisms don’t check and a nuclear response is automated. Barrett et al 13 14 -Barrett et al 13—PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, Fellow in the RAND Stanton Nuclear Security Fellows Program, and Director of Research at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (Anthony, 24 June 2013, “Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia,” Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis) 15 -War involving significant …events as attacks. 16 16 - 17 -Terrorists cause reactor explosions – independently cause extinction 18 -Fort Russ 6/27 (Zhuravko: Islyamov Could Engage in Nuclear Terrorism for the Sake of Blackmailing Russia trans. Ollie Richardson anti-fashist rep. Heal Fuukusima https://healfukushima.org/2016/06/27/nuclear-terrorism-could-be-used-to-blackmail-russia/ Acc 9/23/16) CW 19 -In addition, experts …TV channel “112 Ukraine”. 20 - 21 -Shift away from nuclear means increased renewables in Ukraine – official reports exaggerate the necessity of nuclear power and nuclear investment stymies alternative energy development 22 -Holovko 12 - Masters Degree in environmental science (Iryna How Ukraine can survive without nuclear - renewable energy potentials reviewed CEE Bankwatch Network 10/22/12 http://bankwatch.org/news-media/blog/how-ukraine-can-survive-without-nuclear-renewable-energy-potentials-reviewed Acc 9/24/16) CW 23 -On Sunday a … in the world. 24 - 25 -Renewables transition aligns Ukraine with EU policies – key to European energy security 26 -Beckman 9/5 (Karel editor and founder of European Energy Review The Ukrainian crisis can be solved—with an Energiewende 9/5/16 EnergyTransition http://energytransition.de/2016/09/the-ukrainian-crisis-can-be-solved/ Acc 9/23/16) CW 27 -An additional benefit … Ukraine”, Savitsky writes. 28 - 29 -Actual shift is not necessary – just a plan is sufficient to rally Europe – also solves crises in Eastern Europe and resource wars 30 -Beckman 9/5 (Karel editor and founder of European Energy Review The Ukrainian crisis can be solved—with an Energiewende 9/5/16 EnergyTransition http://energytransition.de/2016/09/the-ukrainian-crisis-can-be-solved/ Acc 9/23/16) CW 31 -He calls on …in Eastern Europe.” 32 - 33 -Russia is expanding European influence now – EU energy dependence on Russian gas is Putin’s geopolitical strategy and risk of Baltic Sea crisis high – Ukraine’s stance is key 34 -Rusi 8/29 - Doctor in Political Science, Ambassador, former advisor to the President of the Republic, Professor and writer (Alpo European Energy Security - Is the EU too weak to compete with the Energy Companies and to contain Russian geopolitical pressure based on energy interdependence? Conference of the Working Group of Young Foreign Policy Experts in Stockholm in Stockholm, Sweden 8/29/16 http://www.alporusi.fi/blogi/european-energy-security-is-the-eu-too-weak-to-compete-with-the-energy-companies-and-to-contain-russian-geopolitical-pressure-based-on-energy-interdependence Acc 9/27/16) CW 35 -European Energy Security ….Russia’s geopolitical embrace. 36 - 37 -Crises creates multiple scenarios for nuclear escalation - nukes used to accomplish political goals - world order doesn’t check 38 -Blank 9 (Stephen, Strategic Studies Institute, “RUSSIA AND ARMS CONTROL: ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION?” March)AQB 39 -Proliferators or nuclear …their own people.172 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,67 +1,0 @@ 1 -Framing 2 - 3 -Everything we know has been shaped by neoliberal imagination and educational spaces have been coopted by fanatical debates for profit which has taken a hold of our minds training us to be mindless robots. Higher education is a site of critical dialogue – we must protect this institution. 4 -Giroux 15 (Henry, American scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, “Higher Education and the Promise of Insurgent Public Memory,” March 3, 2015, http://truth-out.org/news/item/29396-higher-education-and-the-promise-of-insurgent-public-memory) 5 -"What happens to the memory of history when it ceases to be testimony?" 6 -AND 7 -, to provide numerous scholarships, summer programs and fellowships. (11) 8 - 9 -The role of the ballot is to assume the position of an academic preserving educational spaces. refuse the objective ethical criteria that masks oppression and embrace higher education’s true calling. 10 -Giroux 13 (Henry, American scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, “Public Intellectuals Against the Neoliberal University,” 29 October 2013, http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/19654-public-intellectuals-against-the-neoliberal-university) 11 -Increasingly, as universities are shaped by an audit culture, the call to be 12 -AND 13 -with others, and transform, when necessary, the world around them. 14 - 15 -Prefer: 16 -a) Preclusion - Attempts to abstract or theorize merely maintain the current isolation and privilege of learning instead of deconstructing these institutions to challenge power structures. 17 - 18 -Exclusive focus on representations erodes meaningful reversal of structures of exploitation~-~--discursive focus must supplement discussion of reform. Preserving higher education means analyzing policy solutions. 19 -Henry Giroux 06, prof of edu and cultural studies at Penn State, 6 (Comparative Studies of South Asia) 20 -Abstracted from the ideal of public commitment, the new authoritarianism represents a political and 21 -AND 22 -the chances of humanity are inscribed, and can be nowhere else.59 23 - 24 -Neolib produces international conflicts and environmental collapse – extinction 25 -Ehrenfeld ‘5 (David, Dept. of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources @ Rutgers University, “The Environmental Limits to Globalization”, Conservation Biology Vol. 19 No. 2 April 2005) 26 -The known effects of globalization on the environment are numerous and highly significant. Many 27 -AND 28 -have become so thoroughly entwined with ours within the global environment we share. 29 - 30 -Class focus must come first – it is the root cause of all oppression. Kovel 07, 31 -Kovel, Prof. of Social Studies @ Bard, 2007 Joel, “The Enemy of Nature”, p. 140- 32 -If, however, we ask the question of efficacy, that is, 33 -AND 34 -unfolding of contemporary ecological struggles, as we discuss in the next section. 35 - 36 -It’s a contradiction to deny these arguments in the debate space. Pedagogy is never neutral – every position is actively promoting some way of understanding. 37 - 38 -It is our ultimate ethical responsibility to resist neoliberalism since it has fetishized our ethical existence, and has undermined the meaning to ethics. A prior question to any ethical prohibition is the need to resist capitalism. 39 - 40 -Advocacy Text 41 - 42 -Public colleges and universities in the United States ought not restrict constitutionally protected speech on campuses. I’ll defend any links in CX. 43 - 44 -Administrators are restricting free discourse and speech codes are becoming increasingly popular. Lukianoff 16 45 - 46 -Lukianoff 16, Greg Lukianoff, 1-4-2016, "Campus Free Speech Has Been in Trouble for a Long Time," Cato Unbound, https://www.cato-unbound.org/2016/01/04/greg-lukianoff/campus-free-speech-has-been-trouble-long-time NS 47 -2015 will be 48 -AND 49 -Gen Xers 35–50 year-olds). 50 - 51 -The monopolization of discourse and academic freedom are employed by the technocratic elite to maintain the neoliberal stronghold on academia. Binkley 16 52 -http://www.socialsciencespace.com/2016/09/emotionalisation-neoliberalism-and-academic-freedom-in-the-us/ 53 -Polanyi’s critique, which 54 -AND 55 -a nonegalitarian world. 56 - 57 -Conservative flights of neo-liberalism have corrupted micropolitical sites – the 1AC’s engagement with the micropolitical motivates change which ruptures macropolitical exclusion. Campbell 08 58 -Campbell 08 (David Campbell “The new pluralism: William Connolly and the contemporary global condition”. Duke University Press, 2008. Page 280-281) 59 -In Connolly’s terms, 60 -AND 61 -the subliminal register.” 62 - 63 -Student protests oppose neoliberalism in higher education, translating theory into praxis 64 -Delgado and Ross 16 Sandra Delgado (doctoral student in curriculum studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada) and E. Wayne Ross (Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada), "Students in Revolt: The Pedagogical Potential of Student Collective Action in the Age of the Corporate University" 2016 (published on Academia.edu) 65 -As students’ collective actions keep gaining more political relevance, student and university movements also 66 -AND 67 -for political, social or/and educational agendas, programs or pleas. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,80 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part One is the Role of the Ballot 2 - 3 -The 1AC takes a praxeological approach – this is the only non-arbitrary place to derive the beginnings of ethics since obligation stems from the nature of argumentation as opposed to action. Kinsella 11 4 -Stephan Kinsella, Friday, May 27, 2011, Argumentation Ethics and Liberty: A Concise Guide. 5 -In setting the stage, Hoppe first observes that the standard natural-rights argument 6 -AND 7 --discourse-ethics twist on the standard natural-law defense of rights 8 - 9 -Our interpretation of ethics unifies debate as an educational and communicative activity—theory is a constant clash between education and fairness. Our meta-constraint streamlines this gap and establishes a role for the judge to filter all arguments, regardless of logical sequencing. The role of the judge is to vote for the debater that better performatively and methodologically praxeologically preserves the axiomatic principle of non-aggression within argumentation. Praxeology is the concept of deriving obligation and norms from the nature of argumentation as opposed to that of action. This is the only legitimate way to establish verifiable rules. Foucault 97 10 -Foucault 97 (Michael, Ethics Subjectivity and Truth, Essential Works of Foucault, 1954-1984, V. 1, Paul Rabinow, p. 298) 11 -The idea that there could exist a state of communication that would allow games of 12 -AND 13 -us to play these games of power with as little domination as possible. 14 - 15 -Consequentialist impacts of literally nullifying conversation are not relevant—the judge should weigh impacts in this round based on whether protecting constitutional-speech cultivates the expression of free discourse. Independently, the means outweigh the ends: 16 - 17 -1. analytic 18 - 19 -2. analytic 20 - 21 -3. analytic 22 - 23 -Other conceptions of ethics can only emerge by eliminating threats to free discourse—provides a non-arbitrary platform to escape skepticism. Allen 09 24 -Amy Allen, 2009, DISCOURSE, POWER, AND SUBJECTIVATION:THE FOUCAULT/HABERMAS DEBATE RECONSIDERED, Philosophical Forum, Dartmouth College, http://www.scribd.com/doc/86981918/Discourse-Power-And-Subjectivation 25 -Habermas argues that in order to engage in argumentation at all, speakers must presuppose 26 -AND 27 -.” 41 The skeptic thus falls into a performative contradiction and defeats himself. 28 - 29 -2. Ethics arise through shared discourse – having free dialogue comes sequentially prior to formulating moral obligations and is key to have a proper metaphysical understanding of the world and the self. Haste 98 30 -Helen Haste, Ph.D., 1998, Communitarianism and the Social Construction of Morality, http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralEd/articles/haste.html 31 -Communitarian thinkers start from a very different psychological tradition. They emphasise the primacy of 32 -AND 33 -it as wrong because treats her as an object rather than a person. 34 - 35 -Dialogue assumes principles of non-aggression. Genuine discourse does not result in agreement; rather, it is one that recognizes others’ absolute right to express their opinion. Kinsella 11 36 -Stephan Kinsella, Friday, May 27, 2011, Argumentation Ethics and Liberty: A Concise Guide. 37 -In essence, Hoppe's view is that argumentation, or discourse, is by its 38 -AND 39 -goods must be assumed to exist. (TSC, p. 161) 40 - 41 -Argumentation assumes self-ownership of one’s own body—this requires a conflict free manner of interaction with those around us. This establishes a proactive right of non-aggression. Kinsella 96 42 -Stephan N. Kinsella, 1996, New rationalist directions in libertarian rights theory 43 -“The first rationalist argument that I will discuss is Hans-Hermann Hoppe's path 44 -AND 45 -axiom, the libertarian view that one may not initiate force against others. 46 - 47 -Part Two is the Advocacy 48 - 49 -We defend the resolution as a general principle. If you want us to defend an advocacy that specifies differently, we will provide you links to those arguments – also solves theory of omission violations and spec-shells since our intention isn’t to steal negative ground. This has the strongest link back to the role of the ballot; our method maximizes free dialogue. T/Theory must be an RVI for the affirmative: 50 - 51 -1. analytic 52 -2. analytic 53 -3. analytic 54 -The thesis of our affirmative is that any alternative to allowing constitutionally-protected speech violates the principle of non-aggression. 55 - 56 -Administrators are restricting free discourse and speech codes are becoming increasingly popular. Lukianoff 16 57 - 58 -Lukianoff 16, Greg Lukianoff, 1-4-2016, "Campus Free Speech Has Been in Trouble for a Long Time," Cato Unbound, https://www.cato-unbound.org/2016/01/04/greg-lukianoff/campus-free-speech-has-been-trouble-long-time NS 59 -2015 will be 60 -AND 61 -27 percent of Gen Xers 35–50 year-olds). 62 - 63 -While the liberal ideology seems safe, speech codes restrict everyone’s rights and inhibit discourse that is important to foster discussions and learning. ACLU 16 64 -ACLU 16. American Civil Liberties Union. For almost 100 years, the ACLU has worked to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the United States., “Hate Speech on Campus”, ACLU, 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus// 65 -Many universities, under 66 -AND 67 -all subject matter. 68 - 69 -Unstable politics provides the chaos needed to generate progress – the neoliberal ideology uses proceduralism to cede public spaces to private institutions. Honig 13 70 - 71 -Honig 13 (Bonnie Honig is a political, feminist, and legal theorist specializing in democratic theory. In 2013-14, she became Nancy Duke Lewis Professor-Elect of Modern Culture and Media and Political Science at Brown University, succeeding Anne Fausto-Sterling in the Chair in 2014–15. Honig was formerly Sarah Rebecca Roland Professor of Political Science at Northwestern University and Research Professor at the American Bar Foundation. “The optimistic agonist: an interview with Bonnie Honig,” OpenDemocracy. March 7, 2013. https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/nick-pearce-bonnie-honig/optimistic-agonist-interview-with-bonnie-honig) 72 -BH: Most liberal and 73 -AND 74 -membership and responsibilities. 75 - 76 -Respect and critical responsiveness create coherent discussions. Agonistic democracy allows for minorities to have a safe discursive environment. Bleiker 8 77 -Bleiker 8 Roland Bleiker grew up in Zürich, Switzerland, where he was educated and worked as a lawyer. He then studied international relations in Paris, Toronto, Vancouver and Canberra. Bleiker worked for two years in a Swiss diplomatic mission in Panmunjom, the Korean DMZ. He held visiting research and teaching affiliations at Harvard, Cambridge, Humboldt, Tampere, Yonsei and Pusan National University as well as the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague. Bleiker’s current research focuses on the role of images and emotions in world politics. He coordinates an interdisciplinary Research Program on Visual Politics, which brings together several dozen scholars from across UQ. He is also collaborating with Emma Hutchison and David Campbell on an ARC-funded project that examines “how images shape responses to humanitarian crises.” “The new pluralism: William Connolly and the contemporary global condition”. Duke University Press, 2008. 78 -Two civic virtues 79 -AND 80 -disposition in public.33 - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,86 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part 1 is Militarism 2 - 3 -Militarism creates a society of castaway goods and people – violence is inevitable as fear drives politics. This has permeated our space as well. We must challenge militarization to create an imaginative future. 4 -Giroux ‘13: (Henry Giroux has a professorship at McMaster University and is a distinguished visiting professor at Ryerson University, "Beyond Savage Politics and Dystopian Nightmares“Beyond Savage Politics and Dystopian Nightmares” http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/19025-beyond-savage-politics-and-dystopian-nightmares Wednesday, 25 September 2013 !~-~-JAG~-~-//FT) 5 -Right-wing market fundamentalists want to root out those considered defective consumers and citizens 6 -AND 7 -can develop in the effort to imagine a new and more democratic future. 8 - 9 -Reject abstract theorizing~-~-we should focus on concrete, material problems like militaristic violence. 10 -Fiala 12 (Fiala, Andrew. “Just War Ethics And The Slippery Slope Of Militarism.” Philosophy in the Contemporary World 19:2 . Fall 2012. Web. December 06, 2015. http://www.plannedscape.net/Fiala/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Fiala-Just-War- Slippery-Militarism.pdf. ) 11 -Discussions of moral issues are often focused on abstract issues such as the rights and 12 -AND 13 -including the question of whether there are slippery slopes heading in unwanted directions. 14 - 15 -Our epistemology is militarized - sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist militarization 16 -Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA 17 -While there is an ongoing discussion about what shape the military-industrial complex will 18 -AND 19 -political, cultural and social democracy and the desire to sustain human life. 20 - 21 -Outweighs: a) militarist epistemology dictates who is considered in moral calculus—prior question to ethics b) militarism creates identities—oppression based on the arbitrary division of them is inevitable in a militarist society c) militarism corrupts critical thinking and demands absolute conformity which kills revolutionary movements 22 - 23 -Part 2 is the Academy 24 - 25 -The university shapes the state’s militaristic endeavors nationally and internationally through knowledge production – the role of the judge is to vote for the debater that best criticizes these relationships – this spills over to political action 26 -Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 27 -The chapters here link the critique of the university to the contemporary as well as 28 -AND 29 -the US through the university and prove why that advocacy has better solvency. 30 - 31 -The service academy makes it impossible to escape – it furthers the indoctrination of militarism into the minds of the students and creates right wing hawks that serve to militarize society itself 32 -Miller 13 JP Miller, JP Miller is a writer and journalist who lives in the Outer banks of North Carolina. He has published stories in The Greanville Post, The Literary Yard, The Southern Cross Review, and Potent Magazine, 11-17-2013, "The Academy: Militarization of Education in the US – The Greanville Post," No Publication, http://www.greanvillepost.com/2013/11/17/the-academy-militarization-of-education-in-the-us/ NA 33 -In my senior year at the Academy, I went on the school sponsored trip 34 -AND 35 -we exchange thoughts that at the Academy were certainly taboo and never shared. 36 - 37 -The academy entrenches militarism in students to the point of no return – public policy is tainted by violence without the AC 38 -Miller 3 JP Miller, JP Miller is a writer and journalist who lives in the Outer banks of North Carolina. He has published stories in The Greanville Post, The Literary Yard, The Southern Cross Review, and Potent Magazine, 11-17-2013, "The Academy: Militarization of Education in the US – The Greanville Post," No Publication, http://www.greanvillepost.com/2013/11/17/the-academy-militarization-of-education-in-the-us/ NA 39 -There is almost no chance for student-cadets to escape the mind-set 40 -AND 41 -Academy, so much that I cannot name the institution in this writing. 42 - 43 -Part 3 is Rebellion 44 - 45 -Militarization relies on a rigid class structure controlled by ideological control and indoctrination – student rebellion kills this overarching system 46 -Miller 4 JP Miller, JP Miller is a writer and journalist who lives in the Outer banks of North Carolina. He has published stories in The Greanville Post, The Literary Yard, The Southern Cross Review, and Potent Magazine, 11-17-2013, "The Academy: Militarization of Education in the US – The Greanville Post," No Publication, http://www.greanvillepost.com/2013/11/17/the-academy-militarization-of-education-in-the-us/ NA 47 -The militarized education of younger pubescent, and in some cases, prepubescent students that 48 -AND 49 -more parents. And, nothing determines your politics like your families politics. 50 - 51 -Military academies are institutionally exclusive – their guise of equality stifles any dissent against discrimination – free speech key to break this entrenched opppression – means we access solvency of racism in the university 52 -Phillipps 5/6 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA 53 -A group of young black women poised to graduate from the United States Military Academy 54 -AND 55 -don’t stigmatize some of the more important cultural pieces to a student’s background.” 56 - 57 -The academy’s support upholds continued militarism – alternate pedagogies of oppression are coopted by neoliberalism and cannot be reclaimed without challenging the university through dissenting scholarship 58 -Chatterjee and Maira 3 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 59 -This book demonstrates the ways in which the academy’s role in supporting state policies is 60 -AND 61 -intertwined with the interests of neoliberal capital and the possibilities of economic dominance. 62 - 63 -And, neoliberalism and militarism are closely entwined – militarism gives way to a new type of capitalism, and ignoring its impact nullifies any alternative solvency Huge 64 -A Huge, 2014, "What causes militarism and what are its effects?," http://flag.blackened.net/revolt/anarchism/faq/secD8.html AP 65 -This "special relationship" between state and Big Business also has the advantage that 66 -AND 67 -the end of the Cold War, the expressed rationale for this system. 68 - 69 -Part 4 is the Plan 70 - 71 -Thus, the Plan Text: Public military academies should not restrict constitutionally protected speech. 72 -Wilson 12 is the advocate John K. Wilson, 2-2-2012, "Freedom at Military Academies," ACADEME BLOG, https://academeblog.org/2012/02/02/freedom-at-military-academies/ NA 73 -Unfortunately, that’s not true at West Point. The New York Times story quoted 74 -AND 75 -a chance to meet otherwise auto I meet – theory kills substantive engagement. 76 - 77 -Part 5 is the Underview 78 -1) analytic 79 -2) analytic 80 -3) analytic 81 - 82 -4) Particularity is the best standard 83 -Price 98 (RICHARD PRICE is a former prof in the Department of Anthropology at Yale University. Later, he moved to Johns Hopkins University to found the Department of Anthropology, where he served three terms as chair. A decade of freelance teaching (University of Minnesota, Stanford University, Princeton University, University of Florida, Universidade Federal da Bahia), ensued. This article is co-authored with CHRISTIAN REUS-SMIT – Monash University – European Journal of International Relations Copyright © 1998 via SAGE Publications – http://www.arts.ualberta.ca/~courses/PoliticalScience/661B1/documents/PriceReusSmithCriticalInternatlTheoryConstructivism.pdf) 84 -One of the central departures of critical international theory from positivism is the view that 85 -AND 86 -violates the interpretive ethos of critical international theory than does critical theory itself. - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,65 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part 1 is Framing 2 - 3 -Our epistemology is militarized—sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist these forms of arbitrary exclusion and oppression 4 -Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA 5 -While there is an ongoing discussion about what shape the military-industrial complex will 6 -AND 7 -political, cultural and social democracy and the desire to sustain human life. 8 - 9 -That cumulates in endless global warfare 10 -Engelhardt 13 (Tom, Fellow at the Nation Institute, “Overwrought empire: The discrediting of US military power,” http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/10/20121010104331399712.html) 11 -And here's the odd thing: in a sense, little has changed since then 12 -AND 13 -no longer be altered. In other words, they can't help themselves. 14 - 15 -The university shapes the state’s militaristic endeavors nationally and internationally through knowledge production – the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that challenges militarism in higher education–spills over to political action 16 -Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 17 -The chapters here link the critique of the university to the contemporary as well as 18 -AND 19 -activists, policymakers, and interested readers in the United States and beyond. 20 - 21 -Outweighs: a) analytic b) analytic c) analytic 22 -Policymaking is key to social change. Coverstone 23 -An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of 24 -AND 25 -that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. 26 - 27 -Reject abstract theorizing—social factors inevitably bias conclusions. 28 -Fiala 12 (Fiala, Andrew. “Just War Ethics And The Slippery Slope Of Militarism.” Philosophy in the Contemporary World 19:2 . Fall 2012. Web. December 06, 2015. http://www.plannedscape.net/Fiala/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Fiala-Just-War- Slippery-Militarism.pdf. ) 29 -Discussions of moral issues are often focused on abstract issues such as the rights and 30 -AND 31 -including the question of whether there are slippery slopes heading in unwanted directions. 32 - 33 -Part 2 is Offense 34 - 35 -The academy is a key site for the militarization of the population—students are indoctrinated to embrace permanent war 36 -Miller 13 JP Miller, JP Miller is a writer and journalist who lives in the Outer banks of North Carolina. He has published stories in The Greanville Post, The Literary Yard, The Southern Cross Review, and Potent Magazine, 11-17-2013, "The Academy: Militarization of Education in the US – The Greanville Post," No Publication, http://www.greanvillepost.com/2013/11/17/the-academy-militarization-of-education-in-the-us/ NA 37 -There is almost no chance for student-cadets to escape the mind-set 38 -AND 39 -Academy, so much that I cannot name the institution in this writing. 40 - 41 -The university battleground is specifically key–identity and culture are shaped by knowledge production in higher education 42 -Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 43 -This book demonstrates the ways in which the academy’s role in supporting state policies is 44 -AND 45 -intertwined with the interests of neoliberal capital and the possibilities of economic dominance. 46 - 47 -Part 3 is the Plan 48 - 49 -Plan Text: Public military academies should not restrict constitutionally protected speech. 50 -Wilson 12 is the advocate John K. Wilson, 2-2-2012, "Freedom at Military Academies," ACADEME BLOG, https://academeblog.org/2012/02/02/freedom-at-military-academies/ NA 51 -Unfortunately, that’s not true at West Point. The New York Times story quoted 52 -AND 53 -of infringing upon the liberty of students simply because they choose military service. 54 - 55 -Public military academies are uniquely key to challenging the suppression of minorities 56 -Noble 16 Doug Noble, Feb 22 2016, "A Military Academy for Rochester?," Deconstructed Globe, http://deconstructedglobe.com/wordpress/a-military-academy-for-rochester/ NA 57 -For those of you who will be deciding on the proposed Military Academy in the 58 -AND 59 -supply it, but not through a system whose aim is human slaughter.” 60 - 61 -Military academies restrict counterspeech and political discussion– the aff allows productive discussion 62 -Phillipps 16 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA 63 -A group of young black women poised to graduate from the United States Military Academy 64 -AND 65 -don’t stigmatize some of the more important cultural pieces to a student’s background.” - EntryDate
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -Lynbrook Zhu Aff - Title
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... ... @@ -1,1 +1,0 @@ 1 -JANFEB - Militarism 1AC v2 - Tournament
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- Caselist.CitesClass[12]
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-
... ... @@ -1,65 +1,0 @@ 1 -Part 1 is Framing 2 - 3 -Our epistemology is militarized—sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist these forms of arbitrary exclusion and oppression 4 -Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA 5 -While there is an ongoing discussion about what shape the military-industrial complex will 6 -AND 7 -political, cultural and social democracy and the desire to sustain human life. 8 - 9 -Militarism has inflicted massive suffering and casualties – without immediate action, militarism will lead us into a death spiral that threatens the planet and humanity. That’s try or die CACC 11: 10 -Admin, “Rejecting Militarism”, FEBRUARY 15, 2011, Canadians for Emergency action on Climate Change, http://climatesoscanada.org/blog/2011/02/15/rejecting-militarism/ climate change, wars, displacement, resource scarcity, false solutions, wealth concentration 11 -Resources: 1 http://www.fcnl.org/budget/ 12 -AND 13 -will not accept the death spiral of militarism, war and climate change. 14 - 15 -The university shapes the state’s militaristic endeavors nationally and internationally through knowledge production – the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that challenges militarism in higher education–spills over to political action. You can engage and weigh by advocating for a countermethodology or why the squo solves militarism in higher education better. 16 -Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 17 -The chapters here link the critique of the university to the contemporary as well as 18 -AND 19 -activists, policymakers, and interested readers in the United States and beyond. 20 - 21 -Outweighs: a) militarist epistemology dictates who is considered in moral calculus—prior question to ethics b) militarism creates identities—oppression based on the arbitrary division of them is inevitable in a militarist society c) militarism corrupts critical thinking and demands absolute conformity which kills revolutionary movements 22 -Policymaking is key to social change. Coverstone 23 -An important concern emerges when Mitchell describes reflexive fiat as a contest strategy capable of 24 -AND 25 -that is a fundamental cause of voter and participatory abstention in America today. 26 - 27 -Reject abstract theorizing—social factors inevitably bias conclusions. 28 -Fiala 12 (Fiala, Andrew. “Just War Ethics And The Slippery Slope Of Militarism.” Philosophy in the Contemporary World 19:2 . Fall 2012. Web. December 06, 2015. http://www.plannedscape.net/Fiala/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Fiala-Just-War- Slippery-Militarism.pdf. ) 29 -Discussions of moral issues are often focused on abstract issues such as the rights and 30 -AND 31 -including the question of whether there are slippery slopes heading in unwanted directions. 32 - 33 -Part 2 is Offense 34 - 35 -The academy is a key site for the militarization of the population—students are indoctrinated to embrace permanent war 36 -Miller 13 JP Miller, JP Miller is a writer and journalist who lives in the Outer banks of North Carolina. He has published stories in The Greanville Post, The Literary Yard, The Southern Cross Review, and Potent Magazine, 11-17-2013, "The Academy: Militarization of Education in the US – The Greanville Post," No Publication, http://www.greanvillepost.com/2013/11/17/the-academy-militarization-of-education-in-the-us/ NA 37 -There is almost no chance for student-cadets to escape the mind-set 38 -AND 39 -Academy, so much that I cannot name the institution in this writing. 40 - 41 -The university battleground is specifically key–identity and culture are shaped by knowledge production in higher education 42 -Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA 43 -This book demonstrates the ways in which the academy’s role in supporting state policies is 44 -AND 45 -intertwined with the interests of neoliberal capital and the possibilities of economic dominance. 46 - 47 -Part 3 is the Plan 48 - 49 -Plan Text: Public collegiate military academies should not restrict constitutionally protected speech. 50 -Feldman 16 - professor of constitutional and international law at Harvard University (Noah West Point Cadets Have Free-Speech Rights, Too Bloomberg 5/9/16 https://origin-www.bloombergview.com/articles/2016-05-09/west-point-cadets-have-free-speech-rights-too DOA 1/24/17) CW 51 -What’s more, it’s a good thing that military regulations should be understood to protect 52 -AND 53 -function effectively. That includes the right comment on matters of public importance. 54 - 55 -Public military academies are uniquely key to challenging the suppression of minorities 56 -Noble 16 Doug Noble, Feb 22 2016, "A Military Academy for Rochester?," Deconstructed Globe, http://deconstructedglobe.com/wordpress/a-military-academy-for-rochester/ NA 57 -For those of you who will be deciding on the proposed Military Academy in the 58 -AND 59 -supply it, but not through a system whose aim is human slaughter.” 60 - 61 -Military academies restrict counterspeech and political discussion– the aff allows productive discussion 62 -Phillipps 16 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA 63 -A group of young black women poised to graduate from the United States Military Academy 64 -AND 65 -don’t stigmatize some of the more important cultural pieces to a student’s background.” - EntryDate
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