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-Plan Text: The Kingdom of Belgium should prohibit the production of nuclear energy by phasing out all functioning nuclear reactors now. Becker 3/24 |
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-Oda Becker 3-24-2016, "German nuclear plants are vulnerable to terrorist attacks – study," RT International, https://www.rt.com/news/337092-german-nuclear-plants-terrorists/ |
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-The recent news … European nuclear plants. |
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-Belgium will shut down its reactors in 2025 – means DAs are non-unique. |
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-Green 15 (Jim Green, 19/03/2015, "Belgium and the END of nuclear power," No Publication, https://www.wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/800/belgium-and-end-nuclear-power) |
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-Belgium's seven reactors … for 50 years. |
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-Advantage 1 is Meltdowns |
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-Belgium reactors are uniquely dangerous – newly discovered crack findings solidify a global threat of worldwide meltdowns. Means Belgium is the only way to prevent global collapse of nuclear energy |
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-Urlich 2/7 Kendra Urlich, Greenpeace International, 2/7/15, "Thousands of cracks in Belgian reactors, potentially a global nuclear problem," http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/nuclear-reaction/cracks-in-belgian-nuclear-reactors/blog/52139/ AP |
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-Thousands of cracks … nuclear safety problem. |
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-Decommissioned Belgium helps solve future global meltdowns in the nuclear industry |
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-Urlich 2/7 Kendra Urlich, Greenpeace International, 2/7/15, "Thousands of cracks in Belgian reactors, potentially a global nuclear problem," http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/Blogs/nuclear-reaction/cracks-in-belgian-nuclear-reactors/blog/52139/ AP |
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-Rregulator, The Federal …nuclear safety problem. |
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-Solves contamination- global contamination will be uncontainable and culminate in extinction. Lendman ‘11 |
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-Stephen Lendman, “Nuclear Meltdown in Japan”. The People’s Voice, March 13, 2011. (http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan. |
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-"As a physician, , and technology industries |
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-Solving meltdowns turns environment - That's also key to biodiversity. |
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-Stapleton 9 - Richard M Stapleton Is the author of books such as Lead Is a Silent Hazard, writes for pollution issues (“Disasters: Nuclear Accidents” http://www.pollutionissues.com/Co-Ea/Disasters-Nuclear-Accidents.html) LADI |
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-Of all the …bone marrow cells. |
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-There’s no shift – Belgium has unlimited offshore wind energy to power its electricity. Proven that within the decade they’ll be almost 100 dependent on clean energy |
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-Greenpeace 12/2 Feature Story, 12-02-02, "Belgium gets out of nuclear power," Greenpeace International, http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/features/belgium-gets-out-of-nuclear-po/ AP |
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-Currently only Finland h…enter into force. |
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-Advantage 2 is Terror |
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-Belgium’s nuclear reactors vulnerable to cyber attacks – must solve NOW – recent terror attacks means it’s on the brink |
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-AFP 3/26 (AFP, 3-26-2016, "Belgium's Nuclear Plants Face Threat of Cyber-attack: EU Counter-terror Chief," No Publication, http://www.securityweek.com/belgiums-nuclear-plants-face-threat-cyber-attack-eu-counter-terror-chief) |
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-Belgium's network of … and Paris attacks. |
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-Risk of terrorist nuclear acquisition from Belgium reactors high |
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-Cirincione 4/1 (Joe Cirincione, 4/1/16, "Opinion: Nuclear terrorism threat very real," CNN, http://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/01/opinions/nuclear-terrorism-threat-cirincione/index.html?eref=edition) |
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-Nuclear policy experts … our threats are. |
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-Terrorism causes extinction – defense mechanisms don’t check and a nuclear response is automated. Barret et al 13 |
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-Barrett et al 13—PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University, Fellow in the RAND Stanton Nuclear Security Fellows Program, and Director of Research at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Seth Baum, PhD in Geography from Pennsylvania State University, Research Scientist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, and Executive Director of Global Catastrophic Risk Institute—AND Kelly Hostetler, BS in Political Science from Columbia and Research Assistant at Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (Anthony, 24 June 2013, “Analyzing and Reducing the Risks of Inadvertent Nuclear War Between the United States and Russia,” Science and Global Security: The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives, Volume 21, Issue 2, Taylor and Francis) |
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-War involving significant … events as attacks. 16 |
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-Nuclear terrorism causes extinction – independent of retaliation |
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-Owen B. Toon 7, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, “Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism,” |
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-To an increasing … and physical outcomes. |
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-A. Interpretation: The framework that the affirmative proposes in the AC must be the mechanism by which the substantive debate in the round is adjudicated as long as that framework provides for a fair division of ground. |