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+Our epistemology is militarized—sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist these forms of arbitrary exclusion and oppression |
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+Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA |
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+While there is … sustain human life. |
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+Militarism has inflicted massive suffering and casualties – without immediate action, militarism will lead us into a death spiral that threatens the planet and humanity. That’s try or die CACC 11: |
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+Admin, “Rejecting Militarism”, FEBRUARY 15, 2011, Canadians for Emergency action on Climate Change, http://climatesoscanada.org/blog/2011/02/15/rejecting-militarism/ climate change, wars, displacement, resource scarcity, false solutions, wealth concentration |
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+Resources: 1 http://www.fcnl.org/budget/budget-proposal11.htm 2 Miriam Pemberton with Jonathan Glyn, Military vs. Climate Security: The 2011 Budgets Compared. Institute for Policy Studies. http://www.ips-dc.org/reports/military_vs_climate_security_the_2011_budgets_compared 3 Many resources can be found on the various market mechanisms and other false solutions, here: www.climatesos.org/resources 4 Anita Dancs, Mary Orisich, Suzanne Smith, The Military Costs of Securing Energy (National Priorities Project – October 2008) 5 http://www.iacenter.org/o/world/climatesummit_pentagon121809/ 6 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barry-sanders/the-green-zone-the-worst-_b_70173.html 7 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/toxic-legacy-of-us-assault-on-fallujah-worse-than-hiroshima-2034065.html 8 http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0327-21.htm 9 http://www.actforclimatejustice.org/2010/03/the-impact-of-militarism-on-climate-change-must-no-longer-be-ignored/ (and personal communication with the author) 10 http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-10-27/the-economic-crisis-and-the-hidden-cost-of-the-wars/full/ 11 http://www.kabulpress.org/my/spip.php?article32304 12 http://www.peace-action.org/Peace20Action20Military20Spending20Primer.pdf 13 Will R. Turner, et al. (2010). Climate change: helping nature survive the human response. Conservation Letters, http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123523083/abstract?CRETRY=1andSRETRY=0 http://esciencenews.com/articles/2010/08/06/the.worst.impact.climate.change.may.be.how.humanity.reacts.it 14 http://www.foei.org/en/media/archive/2010/developed-countries-attempt-to-launder-aid-money-through-world-bank-and-call-it-climate-funds, http://www.foe.org/un-advisory-group-climate-finance-report-falls-flat, http://www.ituc-csi.org/climate-finance-closing-the.html?lang=en 15 2003 Pentagon report: http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf About the report authors: http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=doug_randall_1 16 http://www.indymedia.org/pt/2009/12/932387.shtml More resources: Top 25 Censored Stories: US Department of Defense is the Worst Polluter on the Planet http://www.projectcensored.org/top-stories/articles/2-us-department-of-defense-is-the-worst-polluter-on-the-planet/ Al Jazeera Video: Empire – The new arms race (The world has entered a new arms race, but what justifies this global military addiction?) http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_contentandtask=viewandid=31andItemid=74andjumival=5796 Why large scale biofuels production worsens global warming, not reduce it: www.biofuelwatch.org.uk Cost of War Calculator http://www.stwr.org/special-features/cost-of-war-calculator.html |
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+Militarism, through wars …and climate change. |
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+We don’t claim the military is always bad—we claim the culture behind our use of the military is bad which is militarism |
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+The university shapes the state’s militaristic endeavors nationally and internationally through knowledge production–the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that bests challenges militarism in higher education—spills over to political action |
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+Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA |
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+The chapters here … States and beyond. |
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+Outweighs: a) militarist epistemology arbitrarily excludes who is considered in moral calculus which undermines its applicability – challenging it is a normative prerequisite in any framework b) militarism creates identities—oppression based on the arbitrary division of them is inevitable in a militarist society c) militarism corrupts critical thinking and demands absolute conformity which kills revolutionary movements |
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+Policymaking is key to social change. |
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+Coverstone 5 MBA (Alan, Acting on Activism, http://home.montgomerybell.edu/~coversa/Acting20on20Activism20(Nov2017-2005).doc) |
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+An important concern … in America today. |
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+Plan Text: Public collegiate military schools should remove restrictions on all forms of constitutionally protected speech. To clarify, we defend students of military schools not limited to the national service academies. |
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+Feldman 16 - professor of constitutional and international law at Harvard University (Noah West Point Cadets Have Free-Speech Rights, Too Bloomberg 5/9/16 https://origin-www.bloombergview.com/articles/2016-05-09/west-point-cadets-have-free-speech-rights-too DOA 1/24/17) CW |
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+What’s more, it’s … of public importance. |
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+Public military academies are uniquely key to challenging the suppression of minorities |
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+Noble 16 Doug Noble, Feb 22 2016, "A Military Academy for Rochester?," Deconstructed Globe, http://deconstructedglobe.com/wordpress/a-military-academy-for-rochester/ NA |
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+For those of …is human slaughter.” |
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+Military academies restrict counterspeech and political discussion– the aff allows productive discussion |
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+Phillipps 16 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA |
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+A group of …a student’s background.” |
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+The university is key—regulations on scholarship uniquely silence questioning government policy—student movements empirically worked in the past |
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+Rhoads 07 - Professor of Education in the Higher Education and Organizational Change Division @ UCLA (Robert The New Militarism, Global Terrorism, and the American University: Making Sense of the Assault on Democracy “Here, There, Somewhere” InterActions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, 3(1) 2007 eScholarship DOA 2/11/17) CW |
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+The decision by …silence dissenting voices. |
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+Student activism opposes hegemonic narratives in higher education, translating theory into praxis |
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+Delgado and Ross 16 Sandra Delgado (doctoral student in curriculum studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada) and E. Wayne Ross (Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada), "Students in Revolt: The Pedagogical Potential of Student Collective Action in the Age of the Corporate University" 2016 (published on Academia.edu) |
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+As students’ collective … programs or pleas. |
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+Cadets in military academies – root of civilian-military divide and warrior culture that perpetuate militarism |
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+Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW |
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+Add up the …failing our democracy. |
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+Military academies perpetuate a mindset of unaccountability which allows atrocities to continue unchecked – only lower ranks solve because officers won’t take the risk |
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+Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW |
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+And here, perhaps, …and cable networks. |