Changes for page Lynbrook Shah Aff

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edited by Harrison Wang
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Summary

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1 -If the negative reads an advantage CP, then they must disclose the CP text on the NDCA case wiki at least thirty minutes before the round if the aff is disclosed.
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1 -2016-10-15 22:47:45.0
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1 +Interpretation - If a debater inserts brackets in their evidence in order to change one or more words, they must right before or after reading the evidence, during the speech, indicate orally that the evidence is bracketed by saying “This evidence is bracketed” or something to that extent.
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1 +2017-01-15 21:42:43.0
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1 +David Dosch
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1 +Beckman KM
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1 +Harvard-Westlake
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1 +Our epistemology is militarized—sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist these forms of arbitrary exclusion and oppression
2 +Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA
3 +While there is … sustain human life.
4 +Militarism has inflicted massive suffering and casualties – without immediate action, militarism will lead us into a death spiral that threatens the planet and humanity. That’s try or die CACC 11:
5 +Admin, “Rejecting Militarism”, FEBRUARY 15, 2011, Canadians for Emergency action on Climate Change, http://climatesoscanada.org/blog/2011/02/15/rejecting-militarism/ climate change, wars, displacement, resource scarcity, false solutions, wealth concentration
6 +Resources: 1 http://www.fcnl.org/budget/budget-proposal11.htm 2 Miriam Pemberton with Jonathan Glyn, Military vs. Climate Security: The 2011 Budgets Compared. Institute for Policy Studies. http://www.ips-dc.org/reports/military_vs_climate_security_the_2011_budgets_compared 3 Many resources can be found on the various market mechanisms and other false solutions, here: www.climatesos.org/resources 4 Anita Dancs, Mary Orisich, Suzanne Smith, The Military Costs of Securing Energy (National Priorities Project – October 2008) 5 http://www.iacenter.org/o/world/climatesummit_pentagon121809/ 6 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barry-sanders/the-green-zone-the-worst-_b_70173.html 7 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/toxic-legacy-of-us-assault-on-fallujah-worse-than-hiroshima-2034065.html 8 http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0327-21.htm 9 http://www.actforclimatejustice.org/2010/03/the-impact-of-militarism-on-climate-change-must-no-longer-be-ignored/ (and personal communication with the author) 10 http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-10-27/the-economic-crisis-and-the-hidden-cost-of-the-wars/full/ 11 http://www.kabulpress.org/my/spip.php?article32304 12 http://www.peace-action.org/Peace20Action20Military20Spending20Primer.pdf 13 Will R. Turner, et al. (2010). Climate change: helping nature survive the human response. Conservation Letters, http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123523083/abstract?CRETRY=1andSRETRY=0 http://esciencenews.com/articles/2010/08/06/the.worst.impact.climate.change.may.be.how.humanity.reacts.it 14 http://www.foei.org/en/media/archive/2010/developed-countries-attempt-to-launder-aid-money-through-world-bank-and-call-it-climate-funds, http://www.foe.org/un-advisory-group-climate-finance-report-falls-flat, http://www.ituc-csi.org/climate-finance-closing-the.html?lang=en 15 2003 Pentagon report: http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf About the report authors: http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=doug_randall_1 16 http://www.indymedia.org/pt/2009/12/932387.shtml More resources: Top 25 Censored Stories: US Department of Defense is the Worst Polluter on the Planet http://www.projectcensored.org/top-stories/articles/2-us-department-of-defense-is-the-worst-polluter-on-the-planet/ Al Jazeera Video: Empire – The new arms race (The world has entered a new arms race, but what justifies this global military addiction?) http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_contentandtask=viewandid=31andItemid=74andjumival=5796 Why large scale biofuels production worsens global warming, not reduce it: www.biofuelwatch.org.uk Cost of War Calculator http://www.stwr.org/special-features/cost-of-war-calculator.html
7 +Militarism, through wars …and climate change.
8 +We don’t claim the military is always bad—we claim the culture behind our use of the military is bad which is militarism
9 +The university shapes the state’s militaristic endeavors nationally and internationally through knowledge production–the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that bests challenges militarism in higher education—spills over to political action
10 +Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA
11 +The chapters here … States and beyond.
12 +Outweighs: a) militarist epistemology arbitrarily excludes who is considered in moral calculus which undermines its applicability – challenging it is a normative prerequisite in any framework b) militarism creates identities—oppression based on the arbitrary division of them is inevitable in a militarist society c) militarism corrupts critical thinking and demands absolute conformity which kills revolutionary movements
13 +Policymaking is key to social change.
14 +Coverstone 5 MBA (Alan, Acting on Activism, http://home.montgomerybell.edu/~coversa/Acting20on20Activism20(Nov2017-2005).doc)
15 +An important concern … in America today.
16 +Plan Text: Public collegiate military schools should remove restrictions on all forms of constitutionally protected speech. To clarify, we defend students of military schools not limited to the national service academies.
17 +Feldman 16 - professor of constitutional and international law at Harvard University (Noah West Point Cadets Have Free-Speech Rights, Too Bloomberg 5/9/16 https://origin-www.bloombergview.com/articles/2016-05-09/west-point-cadets-have-free-speech-rights-too DOA 1/24/17) CW
18 +What’s more, it’s … of public importance.
19 +Public military academies are uniquely key to challenging the suppression of minorities
20 +Noble 16 Doug Noble, Feb 22 2016, "A Military Academy for Rochester?," Deconstructed Globe, http://deconstructedglobe.com/wordpress/a-military-academy-for-rochester/ NA
21 +For those of …is human slaughter.”
22 +Military academies restrict counterspeech and political discussion– the aff allows productive discussion
23 +Phillipps 16 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA
24 +A group of …a student’s background.”
25 +The university is key—regulations on scholarship uniquely silence questioning government policy—student movements empirically worked in the past
26 +Rhoads 07 - Professor of Education in the Higher Education and Organizational Change Division @ UCLA (Robert The New Militarism, Global Terrorism, and the American University: Making Sense of the Assault on Democracy “Here, There, Somewhere” InterActions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, 3(1) 2007 eScholarship DOA 2/11/17) CW
27 +The decision by …silence dissenting voices.
28 +Student activism opposes hegemonic narratives in higher education, translating theory into praxis
29 +Delgado and Ross 16 Sandra Delgado (doctoral student in curriculum studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada) and E. Wayne Ross (Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada), "Students in Revolt: The Pedagogical Potential of Student Collective Action in the Age of the Corporate University" 2016 (published on Academia.edu)
30 +As students’ collective … programs or pleas.
31 +Cadets in military academies – root of civilian-military divide and warrior culture that perpetuate militarism
32 +Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW
33 +Add up the …failing our democracy.
34 +Military academies perpetuate a mindset of unaccountability which allows atrocities to continue unchecked – only lower ranks solve because officers won’t take the risk
35 +Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW
36 +And here, perhaps, …and cable networks.
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1 +2017-02-12 00:38:48.0
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1 +Jack Coyle
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1 +Layton ZB
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1 +JANFEB - Militarism 1AC v2
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1 +Stanford
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1 +Trump renders American unilateralism useless – allies fear a lack of commitment and the rise of China and Russia destroys American hopes for unipolar hegemony. It is try-or-die for a shift towards a more accountable and reflexive American military. Bremmer 12/19
2 +Bremmer ’16 (Ian Bremmer is the president and founder of Eurasia Group, the leading global political risk research and consulting firm. Dec 19, 2016, “The Era of American Global Leadership Is Over. Here's What Comes Next,” http://time.com/4606071/american-global-leadership-is-over/ | SP)
3 +As in the … into uncharted waters.
4 +Militarism has inflicted massive suffering globally and is leading the planet towards an apocalyptic trajectory. CACC 11:
5 +Admin, “Rejecting Militarism”, FEBRUARY 15, 2011, Canadians for Emergency action on Climate Change, http://climatesoscanada.org/blog/2011/02/15/rejecting-militarism/ climate change, wars, displacement, resource scarcity, false solutions, wealth concentration
6 +Resources: 1 http://www.fcnl.org/budget/budget-proposal11.htm 2 Miriam Pemberton with Jonathan Glyn, Military vs. Climate Security: The 2011 Budgets Compared. Institute for Policy Studies. http://www.ips-dc.org/reports/military_vs_climate_security_the_2011_budgets_compared 3 Many resources can be found on the various market mechanisms and other false solutions, here: www.climatesos.org/resources 4 Anita Dancs, Mary Orisich, Suzanne Smith, The Military Costs of Securing Energy (National Priorities Project – October 2008) 5 http://www.iacenter.org/o/world/climatesummit_pentagon121809/ 6 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barry-sanders/the-green-zone-the-worst-_b_70173.html 7 http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/toxic-legacy-of-us-assault-on-fallujah-worse-than-hiroshima-2034065.html 8 http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0327-21.htm 9 http://www.actforclimatejustice.org/2010/03/the-impact-of-militarism-on-climate-change-must-no-longer-be-ignored/ (and personal communication with the author) 10 http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2010-10-27/the-economic-crisis-and-the-hidden-cost-of-the-wars/full/ 11 http://www.kabulpress.org/my/spip.php?article32304 12 http://www.peace-action.org/Peace20Action20Military20Spending20Primer.pdf 13 Will R. Turner, et al. (2010). Climate change: helping nature survive the human response. Conservation Letters, http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/123523083/abstract?CRETRY=1andSRETRY=0 http://esciencenews.com/articles/2010/08/06/the.worst.impact.climate.change.may.be.how.humanity.reacts.it 14 http://www.foei.org/en/media/archive/2010/developed-countries-attempt-to-launder-aid-money-through-world-bank-and-call-it-climate-funds, http://www.foe.org/un-advisory-group-climate-finance-report-falls-flat, http://www.ituc-csi.org/climate-finance-closing-the.html?lang=en 15 2003 Pentagon report: http://www.climate.org/PDF/clim_change_scenario.pdf About the report authors: http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=doug_randall_1 16 http://www.indymedia.org/pt/2009/12/932387.shtml More resources: Top 25 Censored Stories: US Department of Defense is the Worst Polluter on the Planet http://www.projectcensored.org/top-stories/articles/2-us-department-of-defense-is-the-worst-polluter-on-the-planet/ Al Jazeera Video: Empire – The new arms race (The world has entered a new arms race, but what justifies this global military addiction?) http://therealnews.com/t2/index.php?option=com_contentandtask=viewandid=31andItemid=74andjumival=5796 Why large scale biofuels production worsens global warming, not reduce it: www.biofuelwatch.org.uk Cost of War Calculator http://www.stwr.org/special-features/cost-of-war-calculator.html
7 +Militarism, through wars … and climate change.
8 +Our epistemology is militarized—sites of critical thinking and radical pedagogy on the university are key to resist these forms of arbitrary exclusion and oppression
9 +Giroux 08 Giroux, Henry A. "TruthOut Archive." Against the Militarized Academy. Truth Out, 20 Nov. 2008. Web. 25 Dec. 2015. NA
10 +While there is … sustain human life.
11 +The role of the ballot is to vote for the debater that bests challenges militarism in higher education – dialogue spills over to political action
12 +Chatterjee and Maira 14 Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016. NA
13 +The chapters here …States and beyond.
14 +Plan Text: Public collegiate military schools ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech. Feldman 16
15 +- professor of constitutional and international law at Harvard University (Noah West Point Cadets Have Free-Speech Rights, Too Bloomberg 5/9/16 https://origin-www.bloombergview.com/articles/2016-05-09/west-point-cadets-have-free-speech-rights-too DOA 1/24/17) CW
16 +What’s more, it’s … of public importance.
17 +Public military academies engrain the white, heterosexual male as superior in their curricula which subjugates minorities
18 +Noble 16 Doug Noble, Feb 22 2016, "A Military Academy for Rochester?," Deconstructed Globe, http://deconstructedglobe.com/wordpress/a-military-academy-for-rochester/ NA
19 +For those of … is human slaughter.”
20 +Cadets in military academies are the root cause of the civilian-military divide – they are brainwashed to accept warrior culture that perpetuates militarism
21 +Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW
22 +Add up the … failing our democracy.
23 +This results in military unaccountability which allows the military’s atrocities to continue unchecked
24 +Astore 15 - retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology (William 70 Years of Military Mediocrity: The Shared Failings of America’s Military Academies and Senior Officers Alternet 8/20/15 http://www.alternet.org/news-amp-politics/70-years-military-mediocrity-shared-failings-americas-military-academies-and DOA 1/26/17) CW
25 +And here, perhaps, … and cable networks.
26 +Military academies restrict the necessary speech that would resolve these issues
27 +Phillipps 16 Dave Philipps, 5-6-2016, "Raised-Fist Photo by Black Women at West Point Spurs Inquiry," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/us/raised-fist-photo-by-black-women-at-west-point-spurs-inquiry.html NA
28 +A group of … a student’s background.”
29 +The university is key—regulations on scholarship uniquely silence questioning government policy—student movements empirically worked in the past
30 +Rhoads 07 - Professor of Education in the Higher Education and Organizational Change Division @ UCLA (Robert The New Militarism, Global Terrorism, and the American University: Making Sense of the Assault on Democracy “Here, There, Somewhere” InterActions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, 3(1) 2007 eScholarship DOA 2/11/17) CW
31 +The decision by … silence dissenting voices.
32 +Student activism opposes hegemonic narratives in higher education, translating theory into praxis
33 +Delgado and Ross 16 Sandra Delgado (doctoral student in curriculum studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada) and E. Wayne Ross (Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada), "Students in Revolt: The Pedagogical Potential of Student Collective Action in the Age of the Corporate University" 2016 (published on Academia.edu)
34 +As students’ collective …programs or pleas.
35 +Dissent represents a threat to American militarism – the fear of dissent is rooted in a militaristic ideological framework that defines anyone who questions American values as a traitor and a threat- this is an independent reason to vote aff
36 +Chatterjee and Maira | Introduction of Imperial University: Academic Repression and Scholarly Dissent. Minneapolis, US: Univ Of Minnesota Press, 2014. ProQuest ebrary. Web. Introduction by Piya Chatterjee and Sunaina Maira. Published by the University of Minnesota Press 2014. 2 December 2016.
37 +Academic Containment: State … risk for academics.
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1 +2017-02-20 23:24:46.0
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1 +Robey Holland
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1 +JANFEB - Militarism 1AC v3
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1 +Trump renders American unilateralism useless – it is try-or-die for a shift towards a more accountable and reflexive American military.
2 +Bremmer ’16 (Ian Bremmer is the president and founder of Eurasia Group, the leading global political risk research and consulting firm. Dec 19, 2016, “The Era of American Global Leadership Is Over. Here's What Comes Next,” http://time.com/4606071/american-global-leadership-is-over/ | NS)
3 +As in the … into uncharted waters.
4 +Ironically, in the face of self-imposed decline, Trump is still an unabashed unipolarist – it is time for action from policymakers to pursue managed retrenchment—continued interventionism forces overstretch which makes inevitable decline more violent—only the aff can prevent lashout.
5 +Adam Quinn 11, Lecturer in International Studies at the University of Birmingham, July 2011, “The Art of Declining Politely: Obama’s Prudent Presidency and the Waning of American Power,” International Affairs, Vol. 87, No. 4, p. 803-824
6 +As noted in …fits the bill.
7 +Interventionist militarism independently cumulates in endless global warfare – there’s always vacuous “threats” that the Trump train can overrun, the question is whether or not the military itself can check back.
8 +Engelhardt 13 (Tom, Fellow at the Nation Institute, “Overwrought empire: The discrediting of US military power,” http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2012/10/20121010104331399712.html)
9 +And here's the …can't help themselves.
10 +Militarism permeates even the spaces we occupy and has killed democracy. Challenging its ideological stronghold on the academy is key to creating viable alternatives for change. Thus, the role of the ballot is to vote for the debater whose advocacy best breaks down our militaristic culture of violence.
11 +Henry A. Giroux 15 American scholar and cultural critic. One of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy in the United States, he is best known for his pioneering work in public pedagogy, “Beyond Dystopian Visions in the Age of Neoliberal Authoritarianism”, Truthout, 4 Nov 2015, NS
12 +If neoliberal authoritarianism …locally and globally.
13 +Nowhere is this grip upon society stronger than in military academies, where soldiers are told their obligation to the military is greater than their obligations to civilians, this creates a self-serving cycle of militarism at the highest levels of office.
14 +Astore ’15 (William J. Astore, retired lieutenant colonel (USAF), has taught at the Air Force Academy and the Naval Postgraduate School. He currently teaches at the Pennsylvania College of Technology. He is regular contributor to TomDispatch and also the author of Hindenburg: Icon of German Militarism (Potomac, 2005).  AUGUST 18, 2015, “ How America’s Broken Service Academies Create a Broken Military” https://www.thenation.com/article/how-americas-broken-service-academies-create-a-broken-military/ | NS)
15 + As one former … failing our democracy.
16 +Thus the plan: Public collegiate military schools ought not restrict any constitutionally protected speech.
17 +Free speech is repeatedly violated by military codes, foreclosing any checking of institutional abuse of power.
18 +Aldrich ’86 (RICHARD W. ALDRICH, active duty Captain in the United States Air Force and also a student at the USLA School of Law. UCLA Law Review. APRIL, 1986, “ARTICLE 88 OF THE UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE: A MILITARY MUZZLE OR JUST A RESTRAINT ON MILITARY MUSCLE?” | NS)
19 +It is ironic …the first amendment.
20 +We access a massive spillover – the culture created by speech restrictions conditions future officers to lose the ability to question unethical orders. The constant hierarchical conformism psychologically reinforces a culture of unaccountability for the higher echelons.
21 +Bajesky ’14 (Robert Bejesky, M.A. Political Science (Michigan), M.A. Applied Economics (Michigan), LL.M. International Law (Georgetown). The author has taught international law courses for Cooley Law School and the Department of Political Science at the University of Michigan, American Government and Constitutional Law courses for Alma College, and business law courses at Central Michigan University and the University of Miami. The author expresses his gratitude to the editorial team at the Albany Law Review for providing an exceptional, professional, and efficient publication process for this article. 2014 / 2015, “ SUPPORT THE TROOPS: RENEWING ANGST OVER MASSACHUSETTS V. LAIRD AND ENDOWING SERVICE MEMBERS WITH EFFECTUAL FIRST AND FIFTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS” | NS)
22 +Even though American … the Iraq War.
23 +No hate speech DA’s – disobedience is inevitable; the question is whether it will be violent or productive.
24 +Aldrich ’86 (RICHARD W. ALDRICH, active duty Captain in the United States Air Force and also a student at the USLA School of Law. UCLA Law Review. APRIL, 1986, “ARTICLE 88 OF THE UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE: A MILITARY MUZZLE OR JUST A RESTRAINT ON MILITARY MUSCLE?” | NS)
25 +3. The Safety Valve … to stable government.
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1 +2017-02-21 01:23:03.0
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1 +Zarek Drodzka
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1 +Success Academy SC
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1 +Lynbrook Shah Aff
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1 +JANFEB - Militarism 1AC v4
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1 +Cal
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1 +2017-01-15 21:42:42.0
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1 +David Dosch
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1 +Beckman KM
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1 +2017-01-15 21:43:06.0
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1 +David Dosch
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1 +Harvard-Westlake VC
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1 +2017-01-16 19:09:25.0
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1 +Paras Kumar, Karen Qi, Arjun Tambe
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1 +Brentwood EB
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1 +Doubles
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1 +2017-02-12 00:38:46.0
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1 +Jack Coyle
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Layton ZB
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +3
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Stanford
Caselist.RoundClass[18]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +15,16
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-02-20 23:24:44.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Robey Holland
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard-Westlake JC
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Cal
Caselist.RoundClass[19]
Cites
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +16
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-02-21 01:23:02.0
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Zarek Drodzka
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Success Academy SC
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +6
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Cal
Caselist.RoundClass[20]
EntryDate
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +2017-04-29 13:42:05.323
Judge
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Jacob Nails
Opponent
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +Harvard-Westlake IP
Round
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +1
Tournament
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,1 @@
1 +TOC

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