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+The 1AC takes a praxeological approach – this is the only non-arbitrary place to derive the beginnings of ethics since obligation stems from the nature of argumentation as opposed to action. Kinsella 11 |
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+Stephan Kinsella, Friday, May 27, 2011, Argumentation Ethics and Liberty: A Concise Guide.SP |
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+In setting the … defense of rights |
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+The role of the judge is to vote for the debater that better performatively and methodologically praxeologically preserves the axiomatic principle of non-aggression within argumentation. Foucault 97 |
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+Foucault 97 (Michael, Ethics Subjectivity and Truth, Essential Works of Foucault, 1954-1984, V. 1, Paul Rabinow, p. 298) SP |
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+The idea that … domination as possible. |
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+Any speaker must concede our weighing mechanism for the round. Multiple warrants: |
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+1. Double bind: either a) they don’t have the right to argue because doing so would be a performative contradiction or b) the standard is true. Other conceptions of ethics can only emerge by eliminating threats to free discourse—provides a non-arbitrary platform to escape skepticism. Allen 09 |
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+Amy Allen, 2009, DISCOURSE, POWER, AND SUBJECTIVATION:THE FOUCAULT/HABERMAS DEBATE RECONSIDERED, Philosophical Forum, Dartmouth College, http://www.scribd.com/doc/86981918/Discourse-Power-And-Subjectivation sP |
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+Habermas argues that …and defeats himself. |
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+2. Ethics arise through shared discourse – having free dialogue comes sequentially prior to formulating moral obligations and is key to have a proper metaphysical understanding of the world and the self. Haste 98 |
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+Helen Haste, Ph.D., 1998, Communitarianism and the Social Construction of Morality, http://tigger.uic.edu/~lnucci/MoralEd/articles/haste.html SP |
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+Communitarian thinkers start … than a person. |
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+Dialogue assumes principles of non-aggression. Genuine discourse does not result in agreement; rather, it is one that recognizes others’ absolute right to express their opinion. Kinsella 11 |
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+Stephan Kinsella, Friday, May 27, 2011, Argumentation Ethics and Liberty: A Concise Guide.SP |
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+In essence, Hoppe's …assumed to exist. (TSC, p. 161) |
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+Argumentation assumes self-ownership of one’s own body—this requires a conflict free manner of interaction with those around us. This establishes a proactive right of non-aggression. Kinsella 96 |
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+Stephan N. Kinsella, 1996, New rationalist directions in libertarian rights theory SP |
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+“The first rationalist …force against others. |
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+The thesis of our affirmative is that any alternative to allowing constitutionally-protected speech violates the principle of non-aggression. |
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+Administrators are restricting free discourse and speech codes are becoming increasingly popular. Lukianoff 16 |
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+Lukianoff 16, Greg Lukianoff, 1-4-2016, "Campus Free Speech Has Been in Trouble for a Long Time," Cato Unbound, https://www.cato-unbound.org/2016/01/04/greg-lukianoff/campus-free-speech-has-been-trouble-long-time NS |
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+2015 will be …and 27 percent of Gen Xers 35–50 year-olds). |
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+While the liberal ideology seems safe, speech codes restrict everyone’s rights and inhibit discourse that is important to foster discussions and learning. ACLU 16 |
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+ACLU 16. American Civil Liberties Union. For almost 100 years, the ACLU has worked to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the United States., “Hate Speech on Campus”, ACLU, 2016. https://www.aclu.org/other/hate-speech-campus// |
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+Many universities, under… all subject matter. |
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+Conservative flights of neo-liberalism have corrupted micropolitical sites – they create a hierarchy that dominates society. The 1AC’s engagement with the micropolitical motivates change which ruptures macropolitical exclusion. Campbell 08 |
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+Campbell 08 (David Campbell “The new pluralism: William Connolly and the contemporary global condition”. Duke University Press, 2008. Page 280-281) NS |
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+In Connolly’s terms, … the subliminal register.” |
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+Unstable politics provides the chaos needed to generate progress – the neoliberal ideology uses proceduralism to cede public spaces to private institutions. Honig 13 |
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+Honig 13 (Bonnie Honig is a political, feminist, and legal theorist specializing in democratic theory. In 2013-14, she became Nancy Duke Lewis Professor-Elect of Modern Culture and Media and Political Science at Brown University, succeeding Anne Fausto-Sterling in the Chair in 2014–15. Honig was formerly Sarah Rebecca Roland Professor of Political Science at Northwestern University and Research Professor at the American Bar Foundation. “The optimistic agonist: an interview with Bonnie Honig,” OpenDemocracy. March 7, 2013. https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/nick-pearce-bonnie-honig/optimistic-agonist-interview-with-bonnie-honig) NS |
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+BH: Most liberal and …membership and responsibilities. |
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+Respect and critical responsiveness create coherent discussions. Agonistic democracy allows for minorities to have a safe discursive environment. Bleiker 8 |
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+Bleiker 8 Roland Bleiker grew up in Zürich, Switzerland, where he was educated and worked as a lawyer. He then studied international relations in Paris, Toronto, Vancouver and Canberra. Bleiker worked for two years in a Swiss diplomatic mission in Panmunjom, the Korean DMZ. He held visiting research and teaching affiliations at Harvard, Cambridge, Humboldt, Tampere, Yonsei and Pusan National University as well as the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague. Bleiker’s current research focuses on the role of images and emotions in world politics. He coordinates an interdisciplinary Research Program on Visual Politics, which brings together several dozen scholars from across UQ. He is also collaborating with Emma Hutchison and David Campbell on an ARC-funded project that examines “how images shape responses to humanitarian crises.” “The new pluralism: William Connolly and the contemporary global condition”. Duke University Press, 2008. NS |
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+Two civic virtues … this disposition in public.33 |